尿激酶联合苯那普利治疗糖尿病肾病的临床观察

目的 观察联合应用尿激酶(UK)和血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂(ACEl)苯那普利治疗糖尿病肾病(DN)的效果.方法 将32例DN患者随机分为两组UK ACEI组及ACEI组,观察两组的疗效.结果 4个疗程后UK ACEI组24h尿蛋白定量,明显下降(P＜0.05)肾功能改善血清肌酐(Scr)下降明显(P＜0.05)疗效优于ACEI组.结论 UK联合ACEI治疗DN疗效优于单用ACEI者.     

灯盏花素治疗慢性肾小球肾炎的临床观察与研究

目的:探讨灯盏花素治疗慢性肾小球肾炎的疗效及其机制。方法:62例慢性肾小球肾炎患者被随机分为对照组30例,常规、对症治疗;治疗组32例,在此治疗的基础上,加用灯盏花素20mL入液静脉点滴。结果:治疗组的24h尿蛋白定量、血肌酐、血尿素氮、全血粘度、血浆粘度、纤维蛋白原与治疗前比较都有显著性的改善(P<0.05或P<0.01),与对照组比较有显著性差异(P<0.05或P<0.01),对照组只有血尿素氮有显著性的改善(P<0.05)。结论:灯盏花素可减少尿蛋白的排出,改善肾功能,降低血黏度,改善肾脏微循环;适用于治疗慢性肾小球肾炎。     

血管紧张素Ⅱ受体拮抗剂和ACEI对2型糖尿患者尿白蛋白排泄的影响

目的:观察血管紧张素Ⅱ受体拮抗剂(ARB)和血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂(ACEI)对2型糖尿病患者尿白蛋白排泄的影响以及二者是否有叠加作用.方法:按WHO标准诊断的 2型糖尿病患者 48例,年龄 42～68岁,男26例,女22例.患者随机分为4组,各组均12例.对照组维持原治疗方案,不用ARB或ACEI类药物;ARB治疗组给予洛沙坦50 mg/d;ACEI治疗组给予福辛普利10 mg/d;联合治疗组给予洛沙坦50 mg/d+福辛普利10 mg/d.治疗8周后测定平均动脉压、血糖、HbA1c、BUN、Cr和尿蛋白排泄率(UARE). 结果:治疗结束后,各组平均动脉压、血糖、HbA1c、血BUN及血肌酐均无明显变化(P<0.05),但对照组UAER轻度增加(P<0.05),洛沙坦治疗组、福辛普利治疗组、洛沙坦+福辛普利组和联合治疗组UAER均明显降低(P<0.01),其中洛沙坦治疗组和福辛普利治疗组UAER降低幅度相当,而联合治疗组较单药治疗组UAER降低幅度为大.结论:ARB和ACEI各有优劣,这可能是二者在降低尿白蛋白排泄方面无显著差异的原因.联合应用ARB和ACEI,既可彻底阻断肾素-血管紧张素系统,又可保留缓激肽依赖性肾保护作用,因此效果较单药更好.     

ACEI联合强的松治疗系膜增殖性肾炎临床分析

目的对比研究ACEI联合强的松治疗系膜增殖性肾小球肾炎的临床疗效。方法选择经肾活检证实为原发性系膜增殖性肾小球肾炎(包括IgA型和非IgA型),尿蛋白≥1.0 g/d,血肌酐<3mg/dl病例53例随机分为治疗组和对照组。治疗组口服贝那普利或福辛普利10~20 mg/d,并联合强的松0.6~1.0 mg/kg.d口服;对照组口服强的松0.6~1.0 mg/kg.d,规律减量。两组患者治疗6个月,观察24小时尿蛋白、血常规、尿常规、肝肾功能、肾小球滤过率、血浆白蛋白等的变化。结果1)两组尿蛋白定量较治疗前相比均有明显减少(P<0.05),但治疗组尿蛋白定量明显低于对照组(P<0.05);两组治疗前后血肌酐、肾小球滤过率比较无显著差异,但治疗组伴肾功能不全者血肌酐水平、肾小球滤过率与治疗前相比有明显改善(P<0.05),与对照组伴肾功能不全相比有显著差异。3)治疗6个月时,治疗组总有效率(86.21%)明显高于对照组(62.5%,P<0.05)。结论ACEI联合强的松治疗原发性系膜增殖性肾小球肾炎降低蛋白尿、改善肾功能的幅度优于单用强的松口服疗法,未见明显毒副作用,耐受性好。     

福辛普利对Ⅱ型糖尿病肾病肾脏的保护作用

目的：探讨福辛普利对Ⅱ型糖尿肾病的保护作用。方法：69例Ⅱ型糖尿病肾病随机分为两组，分别接受福辛普利（10mg-20mg/d)，长效心痛定（40mg/d)治疗10个月，两组同时接受糖尿病治疗，全部于治疗前后检测血压，24小时尿蛋白，内生肌酐清除率，血尿素氮，血钾，结果：两组病例血压均有不同程度下降，降血压幅度无显差异，治疗组尿蛋白定量较对照组明显降低（P＜0．05），治疗组内生肌酐清除率与对照组比较明显增高（P＜0．05），血尿素氮，血钾水平两组无明显变化。结论：福辛普利治疗Ⅱ型糖尿病疗效确切且安全。     

灯盏细辛、黄芪注射液联合苯那普利治疗IgA肾病伴慢性肾功能不全

目的观察灯盏细辛注射液及黄芪注射液联合苯那普利治疗IgA肾病(IgAN)伴慢性肾功能不全的临床效果。方法将86例Lee氏分级≥Ⅲ级伴肾功能不全的IgAN患者随机分为两组:灯盏细辛、黄芪注射液联合苯那普利组(联合组)和苯那普利组,观察两组的疗效。结果①1个月后,联合组24h尿蛋白定量明显下降(P<0.01),血白蛋白(A lb)水平升高(P<0.01),疗效优于苯那普利组。②1个月后,联合组BUN有一定程度下降(P<0.01),疗效优于苯那普利组;联合组和单用苯那普利组治疗后SCr比较,联合组明显低于苯那普利组(P<0.05)。结论灯盏细辛注射液及黄芪注射液联合苯那普利治疗IgA肾病(IgAN)伴慢性肾功能不全的患者,可以减轻蛋白尿,改善和稳定肾功能,疗效优于单用苯那普利者。     

注射用灯盏花素治疗慢性肾小球肾炎的临床研究

目的观察注射用灯盏花素治疗慢性肾小球肾炎的临床疗效。方法将76例慢性肾小球肾炎患者随机分为实验组和对照组,每组38例。两组均予西医常规处理,实验组加用注射用灯盏花素50 mg静滴,疗程1个月。比较两组临床疗效、副作用及对肾功能的影响。结果治疗后实验组患者24小时尿蛋白定量(Upro)、血尿素氮(BUN)、肌酐(Scr)均明显下降,内生肌酐清除率(Ccr)明显升高,与治疗前及对照组治疗后比较均有显著性差异(P<0.05或P<0.01),实验组显效率(65.79%)、总有效率(89.47%)明显高于对照组(P<0.01)。结论注射用灯盏花素可减少尿蛋白排出,改善肾功能,适用于治疗慢性肾小球肾炎。     

抗高血压类药物治疗IgA肾病的Meta分析

目的 评价抗高血压类药物治疗IgA肾病(IgAN)的疗效和安全性.方法 检索Cochrane图书馆、PubMed、EMBase、CBMdisc、中国知网(CNKI)、中文科技期刊全文数据库(VIP)等,检索时间均从建库至2012-05-31,由3名系统评价员进行资料提取和质量评价,对同质资料运用RevMan 5.0软件进行Meta分析.结果 共纳入23项研究(n=1 504).Meta 分析结果示:血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂(ACEI)或血管紧张素Ⅱ受体拮抗剂(ARB)与安慰剂或无治疗比较,终末期肾病(ESRD)或肌酐倍增发生率[OR＝0.20,95%CI(0.08,0.51)]及24 h尿蛋白定量[MD＝-0.77,95%CI(-1.04,-0.49)]间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);ACEI联合ARB与单药比较,联合用药组24 h尿蛋白定量[MD＝-0.50,95%CI(-0.70,-0.31)]间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);ARB与ACEI相比,ESRD发生率[OR＝2.01,95%CI(1.02,3.95)]间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);ARB或ACEI或联合用药与对症治疗相比,血清肌酐水平[MD＝-39.37,95%CI(-71.95,-6.80)]、24 h尿蛋白定量[MD＝-1.16,95%CI(-1.52,-0.81)]及血清内生肌酐清除率[MD＝19.10,95%CI(10.44,27.77)]间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);ARB联合糖皮质激素与糖皮质激素相比,24 h尿蛋白定量[MD＝-0.20,95%CI(-0.26,-0.14)]间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);ACEI联合β-受体阻滞剂与钙离子拮抗剂联合β-受体阻滞剂对比,24 h尿蛋白定量[MD＝-0.54,95%CI(-0.83,-0.25)]间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 现有的证据显示:ACEI和 ARB 均能降低IgAN患者的尿蛋白,但联合用药效果更佳,ARB的治疗效果至少不差于ACEI;抗高血压类药物能否改善IgAN患者的肾功能及预后尚不能得出明确的结论.     

羟氯喹治疗IgA肾病的疗效研究

目的 探讨羟氯喹（Hydroxychloroquine,HCQ）在IgA肾病（IgA Nephropathy,IgAN）中的应用价值。方法 32例24h尿蛋白为0.5-2.0g/24小时IgAN患者随机配对分配HCQ组和对照组,HCQ组维持原有双倍剂量肾素血管紧张素阻滞剂等常规治疗基础上口服HCQ 200mg,bid。观察尿蛋白缓解率、24h尿蛋白量、尿沉渣镜检红细胞计数、血肌酐、肾小球滤过率、血钾、血压等指标变化。结果 治疗24周时,HCQ组24h尿蛋白缓解9例（56.25%）,对照组缓解3例（18.75%）;两组间缓解率有显著性差异(P<0.05）。与治疗前相比,两组24h尿蛋白定量有明显下降(P<0.05),但两组间无显著性差异(P>0.05)。治疗前后及两组间在尿红细胞计数、血肌酐、肾小球滤过率、血钾、血压指标上无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论 HCQ对部分IgAN患者有改善蛋白尿的作用。     

云南灯盏花胶囊对慢性肾功能衰竭大鼠TGF-β_1与PAI-1 mRNA表达及肾功能的影响

目的:研究中药复方制剂云南灯盏花胶囊对慢性肾功能衰竭(CRF)大鼠肾功能及肾组织纤维化的影响。方法:60只SD大鼠,随机分为正常对照组、模型组、苯那普利组和灯盏花组。应用Platt 5/6肾切除方法制备CRF模型。苯那普利组予盐酸苯那普利(0.29 mg/100 g)灌胃,灯盏花组予灯盏花胶囊(0.3 g/100 g)灌胃,正常组及模型组予等量生理盐水灌胃,疗程12周。检测各组大鼠血肌酐、尿素氮、24 h尿蛋白定量;RT-PCR方法检测各组大鼠肾组织肿瘤生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)、血浆纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂-1(PAI-1)的mRNA表达。结果:灯盏花组及苯那普利组大鼠血清肌酐、尿素氮浓度和24 h尿蛋白定量与模型组比较均明显降低(P0.05),且灯盏花组大鼠血清肌酐、24 h尿蛋白定量均低于苯那普利组(P0.05)。灯盏花组、苯那普利组大鼠肾组织TGF-β1和PAI-1 mRNA表达均低于模型组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),且灯盏花组TGF-β1和PAI-1 mRNA表达水平低于苯那普利组(P0.05)。结论:云南灯盏花胶囊能改善CRF大鼠的肾功能,抑制肾组织纤维化。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.