HIF诱导EMT在肿瘤侵袭转移中的作用

缺氧是肿瘤微环境的主要特点,通过缺氧诱导因子(hypoxia-inducible factor,HIF)激活众多靶基因,从而影响肿瘤的代谢、增殖、凋亡、侵袭转移、耐药等多个方面。上皮细胞间质化(epithelial to mesenchymal transition,EMT)是肿瘤发生侵袭转移的重要起始过程,缺氧亦是EMT的诱发因素之一并可通过多条信号转导通路包括TGF-β,Notch,Wnt/β-catenin等调节EMT。研究缺氧诱导EMT的机制并阻断其进程,可成为治疗肿瘤的新靶点。     

β-连环蛋白信号通路介导缺氧诱导因子1α诱导人前列腺癌细胞的上皮细胞间质转化

目的 明确β-连环蛋白(catenin)信号通路是否参与缺氧诱导因子(HIF)-1α诱导人前列腺癌细胞发生上皮细胞间质转化态(EMT)转化过程.方法 应用Western印迹法检测HIF-1α、Glut-1和VEGF蛋白表达,确认2种新构建前列腺癌细胞株(LNCaP/HIF1α和PC-3/HIF1α)的稳定性;然后应用Western印迹法检测EMT指标蛋白(E-cadherin、CK18、Vimentin、N-cadherin及Fibronetin)的表达,对5种人前列腺癌细胞株(LNCaP、LNCaP/HIF1α、PC-3、PC-3/HIF1α和IA8)的EMT特性进行鉴定;进一步应用Transwell和MTT技术检测5种细胞株的体外侵袭和增殖潜能;最后,用RT-PCR和Western印迹法检测5种EMT特性不同的细胞株中β-catenin、tGSK-3β和pGSK-3β的表达,总结分析该信号通路活性与细胞EMT特性的关联.结果 (1)LNCaP/HIF1α和PC-3/HIF1α中出现明显的HIF-1α蛋白条带,同时Glut-1和VIEGF表达呈强阳性;(2)Pc-3、LNCaP和Pc-3/HIF1α是EMT阴性细胞,而LNCaP/HIF1α和IA8是EMT阳性细胞;(3)PC-3/HIF1α和LNCaP/HIF1α、IA8体现出了较PC-3和LNCaP更为强大的体外侵袭和增殖潜能;(4)与LNCaP和PC-3相比,PC-3/HIF1α和LNCaP/HIF1α、IA8中tGSK-3β和pGSK-3β的蛋白表达相对减少,但p-GSK3β/t-GSK3β比值相应较高,β-catenin蛋白表达在LNCaP/HIF1α和IA8中相对较高,PC-3/HIF1α却表达较低;基因检测结果与前述蛋白表达规律基本一致,但是与β-catenin蛋自在PC-3/HIF1α中低表达不吻合的是,PC-3/HIF1α中β-catenin mBNA水平与其在LNCaP/HIF1α和IA8中一样呈现出强表达特点.结论 β-catenin信号通路的活性状态与细胞EMT特性及其体外侵袭和增殖潜能有密切关系,该信号通路可能是介导HIF-1α诱导人前列腺癌细胞EMT过程的重要"桥梁".     

上皮间质转化在肝细胞癌侵袭转移中的研究进展

上皮间质转化(EMT)现象是指上皮细胞通过特定程序转化获得具有间质细胞表型的过程。EMT在胚胎发生、器官纤维化和肿瘤转移过程中发挥重要作用,在原发性肝细胞癌的转移中存在这一现象。该文重点介绍Notch通路、Wnt(wingless-type)/β联蛋白通路、转化生长因子β/Smad通路和Hedgehog通路,以及转录因子Snail、Twist、ZEB-1和同源盒基因B7的组成及其在原发性肝细胞癌的EMT过程中起到的重要调控作用。EMT分子机制的研究是一个有前景的课题,可为原发性肝细胞癌的治疗提供新的靶点。     

缺氧诱导因子-1α在上皮-间充质转化过程中作用的研究进展

缺氧诱导因子-1α(hypoxia inducible factor-1α,HIF-1α)作为一种氧应答调控因子在促进肿瘤的生长转移过程中起着关键的作用.上皮-间充质转化(epithelia-mesenchymal transition,EMT)过程已经被证实在人类癌细胞侵袭和转移过程中起着关键的作用[1].报道[2-3]提示,EMT相关转录因子如Twist、Snail、Slug、SIP-1对多种人类癌症,如卵巢癌、乳腺癌、结直肠癌、子宫癌、肝细胞癌、食管鳞状细胞癌、神经胶质瘤、口腔鳞状细胞癌的发展和预后起重要作用.研究[4]发现,EMT相关转录因子在低氧微环境中存在过表达,这些转录因子的上调是由HIF-1α所介导的,HIF-1α能诱导和(或)调控EMT相关转录因子的表达而促进EMT过程.     

缺氧诱导因子-1与肿瘤治疗研究进展

肿瘤的缺氧状态可诱导促进血管形成的多种细胞因子释放 ,由此增进肿瘤的生长和转移。近来在缺氧肿瘤生物学行为方面的研究取得了很大进展。缺氧诱导因子 1(hypoxia in duciblefactor1,HIF 1)是缺氧条件下广泛存在于哺乳动物和人体内的一种转录因子。HIF 1可调节多种靶基因如血管内皮生长因子 (VEGF)、红细胞生成素 (EPO)等的表达。HIF 1广泛存在于动物及人体的多种肿瘤细胞中 ,其活性在维持肿瘤细胞的能量代谢、新生血管形成 ,以及促进肿瘤增殖和转移中起重要作用。研究HIF 1与肿瘤的关系为肿瘤治疗提供了新的思路和途径。1　HIF 1…     

缺氧诱导因子1与子宫内膜肿瘤血管生成

缺氧诱导因子(HIF)是一类重要的调节缺氧反应基因的转录因子,由HIF-1α和HIF-1β两种亚基组成,在多数肿瘤中表达增高,与肿瘤的生长及其肿瘤血管生成密切相关。在雌二醇诱导子宫内膜肿瘤血管的生成中,HIF-1α是重要的中介物,雌二醇可能通过HIF-1α诱导血管内皮生长因子表达发挥作用,进而促进子宫内膜肿瘤的发生。因此抑制HIF活性可能是治疗癌症的一种途径。     

哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白与恶性肿瘤上皮间质转化研究进展

哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(m TOR)是细胞内许多重要信号转导通路的枢纽,参与多种生理与病理过程(如细胞增殖、细胞周期调控、细胞迁移等),其功能失调与肿瘤的发生、发展紧密相关。以m TOR为靶点的抗肿瘤基础研究已是当前热点。上皮间质转化(EMT)与肿瘤的侵袭与转移密切相关,受多种转录因子以及Wnt、转化生长因子β、Notch等信号通路的调控。m TOR结合蛋白、信号通路及相关基因均参与恶性肿瘤EMT进程,m TOR可正性调控EMT,改变肿瘤的侵袭与转移能力。     

TGF-β诱导肿瘤细胞上皮-间充质转化的调节及信号转导机制研究进展

上皮-间充质转化( EMT)是源于上皮细胞的恶性肿瘤细胞获得迁徙和侵袭能力的重要生物学过程。恶性上皮性肿瘤细胞和基质细胞分泌的转化生长因子β( TGF-β)诱导和促进了肿瘤细胞的EMT过程。有研究表明TGF-β借助于Smad依赖性或非Smad依赖性信号转导通路,诱导或抑制EMT过程关键基因的表达;细胞外及细胞膜的多种因子则对上述信号转导过程产生调节作用。结果提示,在TGF-β诱导的肿瘤细胞的EMT过程,涉及一个复杂而精细的信号转导调控网络。     

上皮间质转化在肿瘤中的研究进展

肿瘤细胞的上皮间质转化(EMT)可以使上皮细胞来源的肿瘤细胞获取更强的侵袭和转移能力,从而导致肿瘤的浸润、侵袭和转移。EMT是一个连续的动态变化的生物过程,其发生和发展受到不同转录因子(Snail家族、E盒结构锌指蛋白家族、碱性螺旋-环-螺旋蛋白同型和异质二聚体)及信号通路(转化生长因子β信号通路、Wnt/β联蛋白信号通路)的调控,理解并运用这一机制可以增强对肿瘤侵袭和转移的认识,利于寻找控制肿瘤侵袭和转移的有效途径,并且开发出针对性的靶向治疗药物,改善患者的预后,为临床治疗提供理论支持。     

缺氧诱导滋养细胞转化生长因子3β表达及机理的实验研究

【目的】探讨低氧对滋养细胞转化生长因子-3β(TGF- 3β)的表达的诱导作用,以及缺氧诱导因子1(HIF -1)对TGF -3β表达的调控作用。【方法】滋养细胞来源的BeWo细胞系分4组培养:正常对照组、缺氧组、HIF- 1α反义组和HIF -1α正义组。HIF -1α反义组和HIF -1α正义组先加入HIF -1α寡核甘酸,常氧条件培养6h ,再低氧条件培养4 8h。4 8h后,收集细胞,实时定量PCR方法检测TGF- 3β和HIF -1αmRNA表达水平,Westernblot方法检测TGF- 3β和HIF 1α蛋白表达水平。【结果】与正常对照组相比,缺氧组的HIF -1αmRNA和蛋白表达增加,TGF- 3βmRNA和蛋白表达也升高;与HIF- 1α正义组比较,HIF- 1α反义组HIF -1αmRNA和蛋白表达降低,TGF- 3βmRNA和蛋白表达也下降。【结论】缺氧可以诱导滋养细胞TGF- 3β表达,并且缺氧对TGF- 3β表达的诱导作用可能通过HIF 1调控。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Acupuncture Treatment of Vomiting

CASE HISTORY A female patient, 46 years old, head of the foreign affairs department of a certain university in Beijing, paid her first visit on October 9, 2006, with the chief complaint of vomiting for one month. She got vomiting after meals in early September. Before that, she had discomfortable sensation in the stomach due to angry with others, but she didn't pay much attention. Later, it developed into vomiting after eating. After the vomiting, the discomfort would be relieved, but with slight hypodynamia. She was once diagnosed as having 'neurogenic vomiting'. Having taken some western and Chinese drugs, the above symptoms were a little bit improved, but she would have nausea upon eating and with regurgitation. Because of the fear for vomiting, she did not dare to have food intake, with body weight reduction of 6 kilos in one month.     

Qiu Baoguo''''s Experience in Treating Consumptive Syndromes after Radio-Chemotherapies

Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the important modern medical therapies for malignant tumors,yet they can also bring about serious local and systemic toxic side reactions so to decrease the patient;'s life quality,manifested by a series of consumptive symptoms.Having engaged in the combined work of Chinese and western medicine for nearly 50 years,the research fellow Qiu Baoguo in Henan Provincial Academy of TCM has developed his unique views on the TCM study of consumptive syndromes.The author of this essay had once the fortune tO follow Dr.Qiu in clinic,and specially would like to introduce in the following Dr.Qiu's experience in treating consumptive syndromes after radio-chemotherapies for patients with malignant tumor.     

Insomnia Due to Deficiency of Both the Heart and Spleen Treated by Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Chinese Tuina

OBJECTIVE: To observe therapeutic effects of the comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen. METHODS: 92 cases were divided randomly into the treatment group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina) and the control group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion). RESULTS: The therapeutic effect of the treatment group was obviously superior to that of the control group (the CHI2 test showed P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina can give marked therapeutic effects for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen.