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1.
肩部血管蒂骨膜(骨)瓣的解剖学基础与术式设计   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
目的 :为肩部带血管蒂骨膜 (骨 )瓣移位治疗肩关节周围骨不连、骨缺损、肱骨头缺血性坏死的术式设计提供解剖学依据。方法 :在 4 0侧经动脉内灌注红色乳胶的成人上肢标本上 ,观察并测量肩关节周围动脉网有关血管的起始、走行、分支、分布及吻合情况。结果 :肩关节周围动脉网有关血管来自 :①胸肩峰动脉 ,主要分支中锁骨支长度 (2 .0± 0 .1)cm、外径 (1.2± 0 .2 )mm ;肩峰支长度 (5 .1± 0 .4 )cm、外径 (1.5± 0 .2 )mm ;三角肌支外径 (1.9± 0 .2 )mm ,发出点至三角肌和胸大肌入肌点长度分别为 (4 .8± 0 .5 )cm和 (3.2± 0 .4 )cm。②旋肱前动脉 ,主要分支中外侧降支长度 (6 .0± 0 .7)cm、外径 (1.2± 0 .2 )mm ,起点距肱骨大结节最高点为 (4 .1± 0 .7)cm ;内侧降支外径 (1.0± 0 .7)mm ,起点距肱骨头最高点距离为 (4 .0± 0 .6 )cm。③旋肱后动脉 ,其大结节骨膜支起点外径 (1.2± 0 .2 )mm ,供骨面积为 3.0cm× 5 .0cm。④肱动脉肌间隙支发升支直接骨膜支 ,上行连接旋肱前动脉内侧降支 ,其外径 (1.1± 0 .3)mm。上述动脉存在丰富的吻合。结论 :以肩部血管为蒂的骨膜 (骨 )瓣 ,是治疗肩关节周围骨不连、骨缺损及骨坏死的重要供区之一  相似文献   

2.
肱骨肘端也称肱骨远端.肱骨远端呈前后扁平,内外宽厚的形状.外侧部称肱骨外髁,包括外上髁与肱骨小头,与桡骨头相对.内侧部称肱骨内髁,包括内上髁及滑车.滑车由滑车沟及内嵴和外嵴组成,滑车沟在肘后稍斜向外,故伸肘时前臂有5°~10°的外翻角.  相似文献   

3.
目的:为临床应用尺侧腕屈肌转位重建屈肘功能提供解剖学依据。方法:本文在50例固定标本上解剖、观测了尺侧腕屈肌的位置形态、血供和神经支配。结果:肌平均长(25.04±20)cm;肌中部宽(2.60±O.1)cm;肌中间厚(0.65±0.3)cm。动脉在肌的近端,肱骨内、外上髁平面以下(3.60±0.7)cm处进入该肌。神经在肱骨内、外上髁平面以下(3.59±0.8)cm处进入该肌。结论:尺侧腕屈肌有足够的长度供转位应用。尺侧腕屈肌血供丰富,足可满足该肌的血液供应和神经支配的需要。根据血管神经蒂进入该肌的部位,手术时作肌的分离以及确立肌转位点,不应高于肱骨内、外上髁平面以下5 cm,否则易损伤该肌的血管和神经。  相似文献   

4.
目的 锁定型髓内针治疗肱骨近端两部分骨折的临床疗效.方法 本研究对30例患者行锁定型髓内针治疗.术后随访评定患者预后情况.结果 平均随访时间15个月,愈合情况良好.无并发症.术后患肢主动前屈上举(145±5)°,主动体侧外旋(46±2)°,主动内旋T(9±1)水平.术后VAS评分(1.4±0.3).ASES评分为(84.5±1.5),Constant-Murley评分为(88.6±1.8),UCLA评分为(31.1±6.2),SST评分为(8.5±1.0).结论 锁定型髓内针固定术是治疗肱骨近端两部分骨折的一种有效的手术方式.  相似文献   

5.
目的 :研究新疆维吾尔族青年跟骨 Gissane's角及跟距角 (Boehler's角 )的数值范围 ,为临床医学及人类学提供依据。方法:拍摄 10 7例正常右侧跟骨侧位片 ,其中男性 5 3例 ,女性 5 4例 ,分别测量男、女性 Gissane's角及跟距角并进行统计学分析。结果:维吾尔族青年跟骨 Gissane's角男性为 12 3.2°± 6 .1°(10 4 .5~ 135 .7°) ,女性为12 4 .6°± 6 .2°(110 .4~ 135 .8°) ,无性别差异 ,与内地汉族比较 ,无族别差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。跟距角男性为 35 .1°± 5 .2°(2 2 .5~ 4 7.2°) ,女性为 35 .1°± 5 .6°(2 3.6~ 4 8.2°) ,无性别差异 ,与内地汉族比较 ,有族别差异 (P <0 .0 5 )。 结论 :Gissane's角无性别和族别差异 ;跟距角无性别差异 ,而有族别差异  相似文献   

6.
观察 5具 10侧成人上肢标本的桡神经浅支分支处的位置 ,桡神经浅支内侧支与Lister结节、桡骨茎突及头静脉的位置关系。结果显示 ,桡神经浅支在距离Lister结节 3.6 7± 0 .99cm、肱骨外上髁最突出点与Lister结节连线外侧 1.39± 0 .35cm处分出内外侧支。桡神经浅支的内侧支位于Lister结节与桡骨茎突的桡侧半 ,与Lister结节的平均距离为 1.4 2cm。表明桡骨远端交锁钉进钉点选择Lister结节不易损伤桡神经浅支 ,但选择切口时应避开头静脉及扩髓时保护周围皮肤  相似文献   

7.
目的:探讨肱骨髁上骨折的手术治疗。方法:回顾性分析采用经皮克氏针内固定,石膏外固定,治疗儿童肱骨髁上骨折124例。男91例,女33例,年龄3~14岁,平均7岁。结果:随访6~24个月,124例全部愈合,2例发生肘内翻畸形,根据Flynn的评分标准:丢失提携角和丢失伸屈功能在0°~5°为优,6°~10°为良,11°~15°为可,>15°为差。本组优110例,良8例,可4例,差2例。优良率95.1%。结论:克氏针内固定结合石膏外固定是治疗儿童肱骨髁上骨折的有效方法。  相似文献   

8.
目的:研究汉族正常人群下颌后牙区解剖结构 ,为颌面外科手术提供测量方法和量化指标。 方法 :6 0例汉族健康成年人拍摄曲面断层片 ,分别在曲面断层片上测量颏孔、颏孔远中 1、2、3cm处管嵴距、下颌骨高度及下颌角角度 ,然后对测得的数据作统计处理。 结果:健康成年人下颌骨管嵴距在颏孔远中 1cm处最大 ,男性为(2 3.78± 2 .30 ) m m,女性为 (2 2 .4 4± 2 .0 7) m m。颌骨高度在颏孔处最大 ,男性为 (37.94± 2 .30 ) m m,女性为 (34.76± 2 .87) m m。下颌角角度男性为 118.10°± 7.78°,女性为 12 6 .2 0°± 4 .5 6°。结论 :曲面断层片可以为颌面外科手术提供量化数据  相似文献   

9.
股骨髁部骨折的解剖学基础和临床应用   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的 明确股骨髁部骨折解剖复位的解剖学基础 ,探讨股骨髁部骨折后内固定方法的选择。方法 选择成人干燥股骨标本 80套共 16 0侧 ,依照《人体骨骼测量方法》所列标准 ,用精密度为 0 .0 2mm的直角规、弯角规及测骨盘对股骨下端最小矢径 ,股骨体下部横径 ,股骨内、外侧髁长及高 ,髁干角等进行测量。临床上对2 1例股骨髁部骨折病人用 95°髁钢板行内固定治疗 ,术后常规CPM功能锻炼。结果 ①股骨下端测量的各项结果 ,其均值在男性均大于女性 (P <0 .0 1) ,但男性与女性侧别差异均无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 )。②区指数其性别差异非常显著 (P <0 .0 1)。③髁干角其 99%可信区间为 96 .5 0~ 99.4 4mm ;在性别和侧别上差异无显著性。④应用 95°髁钢板治疗股骨髁部骨折 2 1例 ,随访 1~ 3年 ,显示内固定后骨折对位好、术后膝关节功能恢复好 ,并发症发生率低。结论 ① 95°髁钢板设计符合股骨髁的解剖特点 ,内固定后断端稳定。②股骨下端测量各项均值男性大于女性 ,在挑选内固定物型号时要考虑性别差异。  相似文献   

10.
对50具国人成人尸体(男40,女10)共100侧的锁骨下静脉、无名静脉及上腔静脉进行观测,提供临床参考,结果如下。一、锁骨下静脉 1.长度(均值):左侧3.46±0.57cm。右侧3.36±0.54cm。2.宽度(均值):左侧1.38±0.27cm,右侧1.33±0.29cm。3.与锁骨下缘的外夹角(均值):左侧43.86°,(16°~59°),右侧43.76°(7°~69°)。4.静脉外(上)缘与锁骨下缘的交点:在锁骨内1/3段者三侧,占3%;在锁骨内1/3段  相似文献   

11.
Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P< 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P< 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.  相似文献   

12.
Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P < 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (>0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P <0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P < 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.  相似文献   

13.
Objective: To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods: SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer's was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava (IVC) inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results: Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion: This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.  相似文献   

14.
Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.  相似文献   

15.
Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.  相似文献   

16.
A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care(~'4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.  相似文献   

17.
Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.  相似文献   

18.
Journal of Nanjing Medical University (English Edition) JNMU, sponsored by Nanjing Medical University, was established in 1987. It is a bimonthly comprehensive English medical journal published locally and abroad.Since 2007, Journal of Nanjing Medical University (English Edition )was granted Elsevier the full publishing and distribution rights worldwide for the Electronic Edition, excluding the People's Republic of China.  相似文献   

19.
FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…  相似文献   

20.
目的:评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术(PPCI)术后生活质量的影响.方法:将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组(术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次)和对照组(仅接受基础药物治疗).所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表(MIDAS)、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果:入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异(P>0.05);出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低(P<0.05);组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低(P<0.05).两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血(P>0.05).两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异(P>0.05).结论:PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.  相似文献   

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