超声局放测量在电缆分支箱局放检测中的应用

局部放电(简称局放) 试验是验证交联电力电缆及电缆附件产品质量的重要环节。脉冲电流法一直是目前实验室进行局放检测的主要方法,该方法在技术上已经较为成熟,且由于实验室内屏蔽效果好,背景干扰低,因此对新品电缆或电缆附件进行局放检测是没有问题的。但是脉冲电流法对运行的电缆或电缆附件进行局放检测,或对已经发现存在局放的电缆回路中进行局放定位,目前仍没有特别有效的方法。本文通过利用超声局放测量仪器,针对10kV新品和已经运行的电缆分支箱等电缆附件产品分别进行了局放测量,取得了较好的效果,现供大家参考。     

高压电缆附件制造瑕疵对运行的影响

近年来,随着城市高压电力电缆的蓬勃发展,电缆附件生产厂商日益繁多,部分厂家的产品制造过程中,在工艺管控上把关不严,附件质量问题突显。本文应用有限元方法,探讨高压电力电缆制造瑕疵对电场强度的影响情况,为高压电缆运维单位的验收工作提出了指导意见。通过分析得出：绝缘材料中的瑕疵不论是气泡或者杂质,都会引起电场的畸变,极易诱发局放进而发生击穿故障,运维、监造、验收时需要格外注意。     

中压电缆附件安装故障的类型与研究

电缆附件的故障一直是影响电力电缆线路安全运行的重要隐患,本文结合多年来处理中压电缆附件故障 的实际经验,着重阐述了由于安装因素导致的电缆附件故障的现象和深层原因,并对其进行分类研究和探讨,从 而得出具体的对策和措施。     

从几起电缆故障浅谈外力破坏对高压电缆的影响 及几点反事故措施

局部放电测试技术对高压电缆尤其是电缆附件的绝缘检查是非常有效的方法[1-3]。本文主要介绍TeckImp高压电缆局放测试系统及其在现场的应用情况。试验结果表明,该系统能够有效地将放电信号从外界噪声干扰中分离出来,并对每一类放电进行识别,从而发现电缆设备的潜在缺陷。     

10kV XLPE电缆典型事故分析

本文对2002～2005年广州地区配电网电缆运行现状进行统计,并对近期发生的两起10kV交联聚乙烯电缆附件事故进行了简要分析。统计数据表明：广州地区配电电缆事故,外力破坏占60%,本体绝缘击穿及电缆接头爆炸分别占25%和15%,且XLPE电缆故障率有逐年升高的趋势,2005年故障率为2002年的2倍。近期发生的两起10kV交联聚乙烯电缆事故,均是由于电缆附件制作存在缺陷所引起。因此,提高从业人员安装技术水平、积极运用各种电缆局放检测新技术是降低配网电缆故障率,提高供电可靠性的两个重要方面。     

电力电缆线路局放测试及定位操练模型的研制(1)

电力电缆线路的带电局放检测已成为一种预防发生突发性故障和保供电的有效手段。由于运行线路上局放的存在和发生机率低,使得现场测试人员很难积累如何识别局放和定位局放的有效经验,局放检测技术始终难以掌握和普及。电力电缆线路局放测试及定位操练模型的研制目的就是要提供一个安全可靠,可触可视和可以根据需要而任意改形的微缩操练平台。作者认为,通过对在模型上的人工模拟局放的检测操练并结合局放自动检测定位程序帮助,可以促使测试人员深刻和准确地掌握有关电缆局放信号的行波特性,传感原理和检测识别方法;对电缆中间接头和电缆终端的局放测试方法、直接注入校正法与间接注入校正法比较、根据反射波时间和对向波时间差的定位原理均可进行模拟试验及验证,为电缆线路现场局放实测打好基础。     

高压交联电缆附件安装要点

本文介绍了高压电缆附件安装需要注意的要点及质量控制关键点,通过对电缆附件安装过程中的各个分解动作的分析,给出了电缆附件安装过程中的安装环境控制、电缆预处理、电缆屏蔽层处理、电缆绝缘层处理、电缆附件组件等的安装要点,对各种安装方式进行了对比分析,并简要说明了各种电缆附件组件的作用。同时提出电缆附件安装过程中的质量控制的方法和途径,保证电缆附件安装后能够安全稳定运行,达到设计标准要求。     

电缆医生如何“对症下药”

通过局放检测、解剖、理化试验等方法,分析了G&W金属应力锥结构110kV电缆终端多次发生运行击穿的原因,研究了其发展机理。该终端核心部位安装工艺复杂但安装现场质量控制手段、检查措施缺失可能埋下隐患,在压力补偿元件失效后隐患终端内部发生局放、绝缘劣化,局放及其衍生化学反应、绝缘剂劣化等的综合作用下导致故障。     

对由于系统单相接地引发的两起电缆事故的分析

本文介绍了两起典型的由于系统单相接地引发的电缆事故,在深入剖析故障原因的基础上,总结分析了在不同接地方式下发生事故的类型,并对电缆附件安装过程的关键部位提出了一些建议,为电缆同行业人员提供了一定的借鉴作用。     

高压电缆线路分布式局放在线监测系统功能的提升

首先介绍了电缆线路局放在线监测系统的构成及其基本技术,并对在线监测提出了局放离场遥测和局放在线定位两个新的技术需求。为了实现局放离场遥测,基于局放信号有别于大部分现场背景噪声的宽频分布特征而采用网络遥控切换局放监测的滤波频率或频带,根据检测信号的频率分布特征不仅可以帮助甄别信号同时还可以对信号源进行粗定位。为了实现局放在线定位,对检测信号进行足够精度的波形采集和各个信号测点的同步检测,追加高于80MHz采样率的模数转换模块,将各检测信号的同步波形信息传至后台,并通过网络实现远程操控和精确定位。新增功能已经实际应用在10kV及以上的高压电缆线路局放在线监测系统装置上,并通过某些应对疑似局放的发生与排除的案例积累了一些经验。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.     

TCM Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Tonifying the Kidney and Strengthening the Governor Vessel

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic and progressive disorder with inflammation mainly involving the central axis joints. It mainly affects the cervical spine and the lumbosacral area, with the pathogenesis closely related to the kidney and the Governor Vessel (GV). TCM holds that the syndrome is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality, which is due to insufficiency of the kidney, deficiency of GV, and blocking of the channels with the invasion of exogenous evil, leading to poor circulation of qi and blood and malnutrition of the bones, muscles and joints. The TCM method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening GV to regulate circulation of qi and blood and check the arthralgia pain should be adopted, with the Kidney-Tonifying and GV Strengthening Decoction (益肾强督汤) prescribed.     

IMPROVING P-gp EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN VITRO TRANSFECTED BY MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-1 mRNA

CHEMOTHERAPY playsa greatrolein the treat- ment of malignanttumors,especiallyingynecolo- gicalones.But inanticancerchemotherapy,leuko-cytopeniaisfrequentlytheprimarydose-limitingsideeffect factor.Moreover,cancersarefrequentlychemoresistantbe-causeof overexpressionof P-glycoprotein(P-gp), which isencodedby multidrugresistancegene (MDR1 ) and detectableinup to50% ofhuman cancersand renderscellsresistancetoanticancerdrugs.The safetyand potentialtherapeuticbenefitof mdr1 gene transferredto h…