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1.
王青 《中国现代医生》2007,45(7S):13-14
目的探讨持续性非卧床腹膜透析并发感染性腹膜炎的相关因素。方法收集2004年5月~2007年3月在我科因尿毒症接受CAPD治疗的门诊患者76例透析月龄为3~58个月;观察CAPD患者的营养状况(主要指标为血红蛋白及血清白蛋白)、询问患者的文化背景及门诊腹透患者家境等情况。结果操作不规范是引起腹膜透析相关性腹膜炎发生的重要原因,在我院引起腹膜炎的诱因中操作不规范有17例,占53.1%,而且腹膜炎发生与原发病密切相关。另外营养状况不好、家居环境较差、文化程度低的CAPD患者易发生感染性腹膜炎。结论腹膜透析相关性腹膜炎受多种因素影响,建议加强宣传教育及操作培训,选择适宜的患者行腹透治疗。  相似文献   

2.
腹膜透析相关性腹膜炎相关因素分析   总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9  
黎伟  廖蕴华  薛超  杨桢华  黄燕林 《广东医学》2007,28(8):1292-1294
目的 探讨腹透相关性腹膜炎发生的相关因素,并分析腹膜炎的致病菌及其药敏,为腹膜炎的防治提供依据.方法 回顾性分析135例腹膜透析患者感染腹膜炎发生的可能原因,并分析腹膜炎的致病菌及其药敏.结果 腹透中心腹膜炎的发生率为每个月1/28患者(0.5次/患者/年),操作不规范、营养不良和合并有糖尿病是引起腹膜透析相关腹膜炎的主要原因,营养状况好、家居环境较好、文化程度高的持续性不卧床腹膜透析(CAPD)患者不易发生感染性腹膜炎.腹膜炎的致病菌以革兰阳性球菌为主;所有革兰阳性球菌对万古霉素敏感,大部分(71.4%)对头孢唑林素敏感,革兰阴性杆菌为对亚胺培南、阿米卡星敏感,对哌拉西林(71.4%)及庆大霉素(44.4%)耐药率较高.结论 腹膜透析相关性腹膜炎的发生与操作不规范、营养不良和合并有糖尿病有关,加强透析患者管理以及再培训非常重要.腹膜炎的致病菌以革兰阳性球菌为主,大部分对头孢唑林素敏感;革兰阴性杆菌对哌拉西林及庆大霉素耐药率较高.  相似文献   

3.
隐球菌性脑膜脑炎复发因素的初步分析   总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8  
目的:研究持续性不卧床腹膜透析(CAPD)并发感染性腹膜炎的相关因素.方法:调查CAPD患者的营养状况、透析管路装置类型、是否并存糖尿病及皮肤疾患、文化背景及家境,并分析这些因素与并发感染性腹膜炎的关系.结果:营养状况好、选用较先进的透析管路、家居环境较好、文化程度高的CAPD患者不易发生感染性腹膜炎;CAPD合并有糖尿病或伴有皮肤疾患等,则较易发生.结论:CAPD腹腔感染受多种因素影响,建议选择适宜的患者行腹透治疗并选用"Y"型管路.  相似文献   

4.
腹膜透析相关性腹膜炎的病因与治疗进展   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
何建静  廖蕴华 《医学综述》2009,15(1):116-117
腹膜透析相关性腹膜炎受多种因素影响,其发生与原发病密切相关,操作不规范是引起腹膜透析相关性腹膜炎发生的重要原因。另外营养状况不好、家居环境较差、文化程度低的持续性不卧床腹膜透析患者易发生感染性腹膜炎。近年来革兰阴性杆菌感染概率升高。真菌性腹膜炎治疗效果仍差,应尽早拔管。  相似文献   

5.
目的观察腹膜透析相关感染性腹膜炎的病因及护理对策.方法 回顾分析44例腹膜透析相关感染性腹膜炎的发病原因及治疗结果,41例细菌性腹膜炎患者继续PD治疗.3例真菌性腹膜炎患者拔出腹透管,改为血液透析治疗.结论 腹膜透析相关感染性腹膜炎受各种因素影响,加强透析前后患者的培训是减少腹膜炎发生的重要措施.  相似文献   

6.
持续性不卧床腹膜透析疗法 ( Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis, CAPD) 是终末期肾衰竭患者的有效替代治疗方法之一。历史上,腹膜透析相关性感染曾经是限制腹膜透析发展的重要原因之一,虽然近年来腹膜炎的发生率已有明显下降,降至1次/(2—3患者/年)但仍有大量文献报道认为,腹膜炎的发生仍然是腹透病人退出腹透治疗的一个重要原因。  相似文献   

7.
目的探讨持续性非卧床性腹膜透析(CAPD)并发腹膜炎的护理对策,减少感染腹膜炎的发生率。方法对15例持续性非卧床性腹膜透析并发腹膜炎的患者行整体护理和常见并发症的护理。结果操作不规范为主要原因,另外呼吸道及肠道感染、机体免疫力低下也可并发腹膜炎。结论通过总结引起感染性腹膜炎的相关因素及其护理干预措施,在于预防和减少腹膜炎的发生,提高病人的透析疗效及生存质量具有重要意义。  相似文献   

8.
目的:探讨持续非卧床腹膜透析(Continous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis,CAPD)治疗患者腹膜炎发生与低血钾的相关性。方法:进行规律随访的145例CAPD患者为研究对象,所有患者均行规律腹膜透析至少半年以上。根据是否合并有腹膜炎发生分为合并组和对照组,分析患者的临床资料及最近一次随访血钾的检测结果。结果:合并组与对照组的年龄、性别、文化程度、透析龄等一般情况基本相同,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);合并组的低血钾发生率为35.7%,对照组为10.7%,合并组的低血钾发生率明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:低血钾与腹透患者发生腹膜炎有相关性,腹透患者合并低血钾者易致腹膜炎;同时腹膜透析相关腹膜炎患者在低血钾患者中肠源性杆菌监出率更高。  相似文献   

9.
目的:探讨腹膜透析相关性腹膜炎的发生原因及护理措施.方法:回顾性分析2011年在我院进行持续性不卧床腹膜透析的患者发生腹膜炎的原因及相应的护理措施.结果与结论:在本组33例进行CAPD的患者中,有14例患者因腹透操作不当而引发腹膜炎,占42.5%;有8例患者因发生肠道感染而引发腹膜炎,占24.3%;有6例患者因发生呼吸道感染而引发腹膜炎,占18.2%;有4例患者因营养不良而引发腹膜炎,占12.0%;有1例患者因透析导管皮肤出口处发生感染而引发腹膜炎,占3.0%.正规操作,严防感染,加强营养,加强对患者及其家属的培训及对患者进行长期、严格的随访是降低腹膜透析患者发生腹膜炎几率的有效措施.  相似文献   

10.
腹膜透析患者预防腹膜炎的护理干预   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
目的:探讨尿毒症腹膜透析(腹透)患者进行人工持续不卧床腹膜透析(CAPD)过程中腹膜炎的预防及护理。方法:回顾性分析142例(护理措施改进前52例,改进后90例)尿毒症腹透患者。预防腹膜炎的护理效果。结果:护理措施改进前后对预防腹膜炎的发生有统计学意义(P〈0.05)。结论:对142例腹透患者护理措施改进前后分组进行分析证实改进护理措施对预防腹膜炎发生有统计学意义。  相似文献   

11.
Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P< 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P< 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.  相似文献   

12.
Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P < 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (>0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P <0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P < 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.  相似文献   

13.
Objective: To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods: SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer's was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava (IVC) inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results: Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion: This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.  相似文献   

14.
Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.  相似文献   

15.
Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.  相似文献   

16.
A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care(~'4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.  相似文献   

17.
Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.  相似文献   

18.
Journal of Nanjing Medical University (English Edition) JNMU, sponsored by Nanjing Medical University, was established in 1987. It is a bimonthly comprehensive English medical journal published locally and abroad.Since 2007, Journal of Nanjing Medical University (English Edition )was granted Elsevier the full publishing and distribution rights worldwide for the Electronic Edition, excluding the People's Republic of China.  相似文献   

19.
Objective To measure Derpl and Blot5 allergen levels in asthmatics' homes in Hongkong.Methods Seventy houses were enrolled for a mite indoor environment study. Dust samples were obtained from two sites of each patients' house: bed and floor. Derpl and Blot5 levels were quantified by a two-site monoclonal antibody-based ELISA technique.Results The levels of Derpl allergens found in bed (geometric mean (GM) 3.43 μg/g of dust; 95%CI, 1.89-4.96 μg/g)and on the floor (GM 1.12 μg/g of dust; 95%CI, 0.71-1.53 μg/g) indicated significant differences (P=0.005). However, the levels of Blot5 allergens found in bed (GM 19.00 μg/g of dust; 95%CI, 0.89-38.90 μg/g) and on the floor (GM 6.14 μg/g of dust; 95%CI, 0.40-11.90 μg/g) showed no statistically significant difference. In addition, in regards to the exposure index for Derpl and Blot5 allergens found in bed and on the floor, 17.6% in bed and 8.6% on the floor had levels of Blot5 ≥ 10 μg/g of dust, higher than those obtained for Derp1 (7.2% and 0% in bed and on the floor respectively, P< 0.05); higher percentages in bed and on the floor (25.0% and 35.7%) were observed for levels of Blot5 =0 μg/g of dust as compared with Derpl in bed and on the floor (4.3% and 14.5% respectively, P< 0.05).Conclusions Derpl and Blot5 are the major allergens found in this regional study, Blot5 is a more potent allergen in Hongkong, probably reflecting the high level of exposure to Blomia tropicalis (Bt). Bt and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dp) allergens should be included for precise diagnosis and effective immuno-therapeutic treatment of mite allergy in Hongkong.  相似文献   

20.
ANTI-PROLIFERATION EFFECT OF ORIDONIN ON HL-60 CELLS AND ITS MECHANISM   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
Objcetive To investigate the anti-proliferation effect of oridonin on leukemic HL-60 cells and its mechanism. Methods HL-60 cells in vitro in culture medium were given different concentrations of oridonin. The inhibitory rate of cells were measured by microculture tetrazolium (MTT) assay, cell apoptotic rate was detected by flow cytometry (FCM), morphology of cell apoptosis was observed by hoechst 33258 fluorescence staining, and the activity of telomerase was detected using telomere repeat amplification protocol (TRAP) PCR-ELISA before and after apoptosis occurred. Results Oridonin could decrease telomerase activity, inhibit growth of HL-60 cells, and cause apoptosis significantly. The suppression was both in time- and dose-dependent manner. Marked morphological changes of cell apoptosis including condensation of chromatin and nuclear fragmentation were observed clearly by hoechst 33258 fluorescence staining especially after cells were treated 48-60 hours by oridonin. Conclusions Oridonin has apparent anti-proliferation and apoptotic effects on HL-60 cells in vitro, decreasing telomerase activity of HL-60 cells may be one of its most important mechanisms. These results will provide strong laboratory evidence of oridonin for clinical treatment of acute leukemia.  相似文献   

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