磁共振成像在早期类风湿性关节炎诊断中的价值

目的:探讨MRI在早期类风湿性关节炎(RA)诊断中的价值。方法:随访至明确诊断为早期RA患者32例纳入研究。所有病例均进行腕关节X线平片和MRI平扫+增强检查,其中15例行MRI动态增强扫描检查,分析X线平片异常征象及MRI异常征象、时间-信号强度曲线(TIC),测量滑膜厚度,并对X线平片和MRI显示的骨侵蚀病灶分别进行计数。结果:32例早期RA患者,X平片仅发现3例骨侵蚀,1例骨质疏松。MRI异常征象包括:滑膜增厚和滑膜炎32例,关节积液18例,骨髓水肿17例,骨侵蚀15例,腱鞘炎21例,滑膜增厚和滑膜炎、骨髓水肿、骨侵蚀及腱鞘炎均有不同程度强化。15例早期RA动态增强扫描病灶的TIC:2例为快速上升型,12例为上升平台型,1例为延迟上升型。滑膜增厚为(3.5±0.4)mm。MRI对骨质破坏的检出率明显高于X线平片,P<0.01。结论:MRI可反映早期RA的病理改变,对骨侵蚀的检出明显优于传统X线检查,在早期RA诊断中有重要意义;CE及DCE-MRI可评价RA的活动性。     

腕关节磁共振成像在类风湿关节炎早期诊断中的应用价值

目的探讨腕关节磁共振成像（MRI）在类风湿关节炎（RA）早期诊断中的应用价值。方法回顾性分析40例临床确诊为早期RA患者的腕关节X线和MRI影像学表现。结果确诊为早期RA的40例患者中,腕关节X线片显示骨侵蚀8例（20%）,关节积液2例（5%）,未发现滑膜病变、骨髓水肿、腱鞘炎等。MRI表现为滑膜病变（滑膜增生和滑膜炎）20例（50%）,骨髓水肿32例（80%）,骨侵蚀27例（67.5%）,关节积液16例（40%）,腱鞘炎3例（7.5%）。MRI在显示病变关节的滑膜病变、骨髓水肿、骨侵蚀、关节积液等方面与X线比较,其差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论 MRI可以很好地显示早期RA滑膜和骨质的病变,在RA早期诊断中有很大的应用价值。     

早期类风湿性关节炎腕关节磁共振的诊断价值

目的:观察早期类风湿性关节炎(RA)手腕关节的滑膜改变、骨质侵蚀及关节腔积液等在MRI上的表现。同时探讨MRI表现与血清学检查指标相关性。方法:将根据临床症状及血清学检查结果确诊为类风湿性关节炎,而其腕关节行X线平片检查未见骨质破坏的28例患者作为研究对象。分析早期RA关节病变MRI影像学表现的特点。对MRI所见滑膜评分与血清学检查结果之间的关系进行相关性分析。结果:MRI发现16例手腕关节有骨质侵蚀或骨髓水肿,其中骨质侵蚀共26处,12例无骨质侵蚀或骨髓水肿。所有病例腕关节均见有不同程度滑膜增厚,增强扫描可见血管翳强化。并发现腕关节滑膜评分分值与临床血清检查结果(RF、IgA、IgG、IgM)相关性有统计学意义(P均<0.05),而与CRP相关性无统计学意义(r=0.26,P>0.05)。此外,MRI还可显示早期RA的骨髓水肿、关节积液等征象。结论:MRI能清楚显示早期RA手腕部小关节病变,且明显优于传统X线平片检查。MRI可以对早期RA的滑膜炎进行半定量化分级评分,为早期RA滑膜炎的诊断及活跃程度的深入研究提供了新方法。     

类风湿关节炎指关节病变X线表现和超声影像对照分析

目的:比较高频超声和X线平片在检测类风湿性关节炎(RA)患者指关节病变的作用。方珐:17例RA患者双手指关节同时行高频超声和X线平片检查。结果:X线平片显示43个关节肿胀,53个关节有骨侵蚀。超声可清晰显示RA指关节58个关节积液,69个关节骨质侵蚀,34个关节滑膜增生,同时彩色多普勒超声还可显示RA指关节14个关节滑膜血管过度形成(血管翳)。在RA骨质侵蚀和关节积液/肿胀病变的检出上,两种检查方法之间有统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论:超声检查可发现RA早期的滑膜增生等病变,对于临床怀疑RA且X线平片又不能明确诊断者,建议行双手超声,这有助于RA的早期诊断。     

早期类风湿性关节炎腕关节MRI表现

目的研究早期类风湿性关节炎(rheumatoid arthritis,RA)在腕关节的主要MRI表现.方法选择经临床确诊早期RA78例,进行腕关节MRI平扫和增强扫描,观察各种异常MRI征象,评价主要MRI征象对于早期RA的诊断价值.结果 78例早期RA的MRI征象:滑膜增厚78例,血管翳强化78例,骨髓水肿65例,骨侵蚀50例,关节积液54例,腱鞘炎3例.结论腕关节MRI可以反映早期RA的病理改变,是诊断早期RA重要的检查方法.     

MRI对类风湿关节炎早期诊断价值研究

目的:研究MRI对早期类风湿关节炎(RA)的诊断价值。方法:对60例疑似早期RA病人行双手掌指关节及腕关节X线平片检查和MRI扫描。同时搜集病人的临床资料包括症状、体征、实验室指标。分析MRI对早期RA诊断价值。结果:MRI异常征象滑膜增厚及强化、骨髓水肿、骨侵蚀诊断早期RA的敏感性、特异性分别为53.85%和75.00%、65.38%和87.50%、19.23%和87.50%。阳性预测值和阴性预测值分别为93.33%和20.00%、97.14%和28.00%、90.90%和14.29%。阳性似然比、阴性似然比分别为2.15和0.62、5.23和0.22、1.54和0.92。ROC曲线下的面积为滑膜增厚或强化0.644(95%可信区间0.447～0.841),骨髓水肿0.764(95%可信区间0.604～0.925),骨侵蚀0.534(95%可信区间0.325～0.742)。结论:MRI能显示早期RA手腕部关节的病理改变,对骨侵蚀的检出优于传统X线检查。其中骨髓水肿敏感性最高,如联合临床症状、体征和实验室检查使RA的早期诊断成为可能。     

滑膜骨软骨瘤病的X线、CT和MRI诊断价值

目的 比较研究滑膜骨软骨瘤病的X线、CT和MRI的诊断价值.方法 回顾性分析20例经手术病理证实为滑膜骨软骨瘤病的X线平片18例、CT20例、MRI 10例的表现并评估其诊断价值.结果 正确诊断X线15例,CT18例,MRI 8例;X线平片、CT和MRI均能显示关节周围/关节内的软骨游离体,X线平片和CT对钙化的软骨游离体显示清楚,游离体钙化呈松散、环形或壳状;MRI还能显示早期的软骨游离体;游离体形态多样,大小不一,数量不等;CT和MRI检查可发现关节腔积液.结论 X线平片、CT及MRI均能诊断本病,以CT检出率最高,MRI为本病早期最佳诊断方法.将三种影像表现综合分析可提高滑膜骨软骨瘤病的检出率.     

类风湿关节炎早期患者双手及双腕关节X线片及磁共振成像影像学对照分析

<正>类风湿关节炎(rheumatoid arthritis,RA)是多发性、非特异性的慢性关节炎症[1]。主要表现为全身性疾病,多发于20⁴0岁女性,通常自掌指关节及腕关节等小关节开始,以后侵及大关节,常为多发性、对称性,病理改变由滑膜改变开始,然后是血管翳形成,随后血管翳覆盖骨面,干扰正常营养,引起软骨破坏消失,纤维关节强直,最后骨性关节强直,直至功能丧失。如果早期使用药物治疗RA,不但可以显著减轻、延缓或遏制关节的器质性损害,也能减少药物的用量及药物的不良反应,因此尽早的诊断相当重要。现在对30例早期RA患者双手、双腕关节骨侵蚀的X线片和磁共振成像(MRI)的对照研究,结果表明MRI对早期发现RA患者骨侵蚀的敏感性优于X线片,有助于早期诊断。     

类风湿性关节炎新的诊断标准下MRI的作用

目的：探讨类风湿性关节炎（RA）尤其是早期RA的核磁共振（MRI）表现,为新标准下临床诊断RA提供影像学支持。方法：搜集RA病例77例,观察不同部位的各种异常MRI征象,评价主要MRI征象对于RA的诊断价值。结果：MRI可早期、清晰显示RA滑膜增厚、血管翳、骨髓水肿、骨侵蚀、腱鞘炎、软组织肿胀、关节积液、半月板改变等。结论：MRI可显示RA发病不同时期的病理变化,为RA的早期诊断和病情评估提供影像学依据。     

膝关节炎的B超和X线检查比较

关节是类风湿性关节炎(RA)和骨关节炎(OA)常侵及的关节之一.膝关节X线平片对RA的早期病理改变如滑膜增厚或髌上囊积液等难以显示,对OA的早期软骨破坏也不易显示.膝关节MRI检查可以弥补X线平片的不足[1],但费用昂贵,不易普及.有资料表明,B超检查能显示膝关节及其他骨关节病变的早期改变[2～5].为验证其临床意义,我们比较了膝关节B超和X线平片检查的结果.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.     

TCM Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Tonifying the Kidney and Strengthening the Governor Vessel

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic and progressive disorder with inflammation mainly involving the central axis joints. It mainly affects the cervical spine and the lumbosacral area, with the pathogenesis closely related to the kidney and the Governor Vessel (GV). TCM holds that the syndrome is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality, which is due to insufficiency of the kidney, deficiency of GV, and blocking of the channels with the invasion of exogenous evil, leading to poor circulation of qi and blood and malnutrition of the bones, muscles and joints. The TCM method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening GV to regulate circulation of qi and blood and check the arthralgia pain should be adopted, with the Kidney-Tonifying and GV Strengthening Decoction (益肾强督汤) prescribed.     

IMPROVING P-gp EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN VITRO TRANSFECTED BY MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-1 mRNA

CHEMOTHERAPY playsa greatrolein the treat- ment of malignanttumors,especiallyingynecolo- gicalones.But inanticancerchemotherapy,leuko-cytopeniaisfrequentlytheprimarydose-limitingsideeffect factor.Moreover,cancersarefrequentlychemoresistantbe-causeof overexpressionof P-glycoprotein(P-gp), which isencodedby multidrugresistancegene (MDR1 ) and detectableinup to50% ofhuman cancersand renderscellsresistancetoanticancerdrugs.The safetyand potentialtherapeuticbenefitof mdr1 gene transferredto h…