硝苯地平预处理对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤的影响

目的：探讨硝苯地平对脑缺血/再灌注(I/R)大鼠大脑的保护作用。方法：将30只雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为假手术(sham)组、I/R组和硝苯地平+I/R组,每组10只大鼠。I/R组大鼠阻断左颈总动脉1 h,再灌注24 h;硝苯地平+I/R组于手术前2 h通过导管口服给药硝苯地平(10μg·kg^-1),手术方法同I/R组。根据2,3,5-氯化三苯基四氮唑(TTC)染色法计算各组大鼠脑梗死体积,通过苏木精-伊红(HE)染色观察各组大鼠缺血脑组织病理学改变,通过ELISA分析各组大鼠脑组织丙二醛(MDA)、总谷胱甘肽(tGSH)、环氧化酶1(COX-1)、环氧化酶2(COX-2)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)含量。结果：与Sham组梗死体积(0)相比,IR组大鼠梗死体积[(35.3±4.1)%]增加(P<0.05);与IR组相比,硝苯地平组大鼠梗死体积[(23.6±3.0)%]降低(P<0.05);与Sham组相比,I/R组大鼠MDA[(15.0±1.6) nmol·mg^-1]和COX-2水平[(27.4±2.9)μ·mg^-1<...     

老年大鼠大脑中动脉永久性缺血与缺血再灌注 对大脑损伤的比较研究

目的 探讨老年大鼠缺血再灌注对大脑的影响。方法 将30 只健康雄性老年（18 ～ 20 月龄） SD 大鼠随机分为假手术组（Sham 组）、永久性缺血组（I 组）及缺血再灌注组（I/R 组）,除Sham 组外,其 余两组采用线栓法复制老年大鼠大脑中动脉局灶缺血再灌注损伤模型。术后24 h,2,3,5- 氯化三苯基四氮 唑检测大鼠脑梗死体积,ELISA 法检测脑组织高迁移率族蛋白-1（HMGB1）和丙二醛（MDA）含量及超氧 化物歧化酶（SOD）活性,Western blotting 检测脑组织HMGB1 的表达。结果 与Sham 组比较,I 组脑梗死 体积增加,SOD 活性降低（P <0.05）,MDA 含量和HMGB1 相对表达量升高（P <0.05）。与I 组比较,I/R 组 大鼠脑梗死体积百分比减少,SOD 活性上升（P <0.05）,MDA 含量和HMGB1 相对表达量下降（P <0.05）。 结论 与永久性缺血相比,老年大鼠大脑中动脉缺血再灌注可减轻大脑损伤。     

低剂量米诺环素对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤的神经保护作用

目的 探讨静脉用低剂量米诺环素对大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤后的神经保护作用及其机制。方法 成年雄性SD大鼠72只,随机分为假手术组(S组)、缺血再灌注组(I/R组)和米诺环素干预组(I/R+MC组)。I/R组行大脑中动脉阻塞再灌注术;S组行假手术操作;I/R+MC组在再灌注术后,尾静脉注射3 mg/kg米诺环素,每日2次,持续14 d。缺血再灌注后2 d,采用TTC染色法测定脑梗死体积,伊文思蓝(EB)法评估血脑屏障的通透性,蛋白质印迹法检测缺血侧脑组织内高迁移率族蛋白B1(high mobility group box-1 protein, HMGB1)及离子钙接头蛋白(ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1,Iba1)的表达。分别于再灌注后2、7、14 d,采用改良的神经功能缺损评分(modified neurological severity score,mNSS)评估大鼠神经功能。结果 缺血再灌注后2 d,I/R组大鼠脑梗死体积较S组增大,缺血侧脑组织内EB的渗出量、HMGB1和Iba1蛋白表达均较S组明显增加(P<0.05)。与I/R组比较,I/R+MC组大鼠脑梗死体积减小(P<0.05),EB的渗出量、HMGB1和Iba1蛋白表达量降低(P<0.05)。I/R+MC组大鼠的神经功能缺损评分较I/R组下降(P<0.05)。结论 米诺环素可能通过降低大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤后脑梗死体积、血脑屏障的通透性及小胶质细胞激活等发挥神经保护作用。     

牛磺酸对大鼠肢体缺血再灌注后肝脏损伤的保护效应

目的: 观察大鼠肢体缺血再灌注后肝脏的损伤性变化,以及牛磺酸对肝脏损伤性变化的保护效应,探讨牛磺酸对大鼠肢体缺血再灌注后肝脏功能保护作用的可能机制. 方法: 实验用Wistar大鼠30只,随机分为对照(control, C)组,缺血再灌注(ischemia reperfusion, IR)组和牛磺酸 缺血再灌注(taurine ischemia reperfusion, TR)组,每组10只. 观察缺血4 h再灌注4 h各组大鼠血浆中XOD, LDH, MDA, AST, ALT和SOD的变化;观察肝组织XOD, MDA, ROS, MPO和Ca2 的变化;观察肝线粒体GSH-PX和Ca2 的变化. 结果: 单纯肢体缺血再灌注组大鼠血浆中LDH [(190.16±13.36) μkat/L], XOD [(758.82±151.53) nkat/L], MDA [(5.19±0.67) nmol/L], ALT [(78.40±6.45) nkat/L], AST [(47.70±4.47) nkat/L] 等较正常对照组血浆中LDH[(122.39±14.87) μkat/L], XOD[(543.61±43.51) μkat/kg], MDA[(1.27±0.21) nmol/L], ALT[(20.50±3.70) nkat/L], AST[(25.25±2.98) nkat/L]明显增加,而SOD[(1.30±0.15) μkat/L]较对照组 (1.80±0.16) μkat/L明显降低;单纯肢体缺血再灌注组大鼠肝组织XOD [(104.69±12.34) μkat/Kg], MDA [(2.66±0.08) nmol/L], ROS[ (771.65±100.69) μkat/ L], MPO (0.47±0.04), [Ca2 ] [(0.248±0.050) mmol/L]较正常对照组肝组织XOD[(59.01±10.50) μkat/kg], MDA [(1.29±0.14) nmol/L], ROS [(606.45±52.01) μkat/L], MPO[(0.28±0.06)], [Ca2 ] [(0.123±0.014) mmol/L] 均明显增加;缺血再灌注组大鼠肝线粒体GSH-Px活性[(20.34±4.67) nkat/L]与正常对照组[(31.17±11.50) nkat/L]比较明显降低,而[Ca2 ]浓度[(0.38±0.06) mmol/L]则高于正常对照组[(0.14±0.03) mmol/L]. 牛磺酸 缺血再灌注组大鼠血浆中LDH[(158.29±4.87) μkat/L], XOD [(758.82±151.53) nkat/L], MDA [(2.81±0.19) nmol/L], ALT [(64.40±9.05) nkat/L], AST [(38.70±8.10) nkat/L]较单纯缺血再灌注组明显降低,而SOD [(1.50±0.17) μkat/L]则增加;肝组织XOD[(94.19±13.50) μkat/L], MDA [(1.67±0.12) nmol/L], ROS [(710.81±55.34) μkat/L], MPO (0.36±0.04), [Ca2 ] [(0.192±0.426) mmol/L]等指标也较单纯缺血再灌注组明显降低,此外牛磺酸 缺血再灌注组大鼠肝线粒体GSH-Px活性[(22.50±3.17) nkat/L]与单纯肢体缺血再灌注组相比明显增加,而Ca2 浓度[(0.31±0.06) mmol/L]则降低,损伤减轻. 结论: 牛磺酸可以减轻大鼠肢体缺血4 h再灌注4 h后所致的肝损伤.     

雷公藤红素后处理对大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤后脑组织NF-κB及TNF-α、IL-1β的影响

目的:探讨雷公藤红素后处理对大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注(ischemia-reperfusion,I/R)损伤的影响及其作用机制。方法:健康成年SD大鼠64只,雌雄各半,随机分为4组(n=16):假手术组(S组)、雷公藤红素对照组(S+C组)、局灶性脑缺血再灌注组(I/R组)、雷公藤红素后处理组(I/R+C组)。线栓法制作大鼠大脑中动脉闭塞(middle cerebral artery occlusion,MCAO)2 h-再灌注24 h模型。S组在假手术后经腹腔注射二甲基亚砜(dimethyl sulfoxide,DMSO)0.3 ml/kg,S+C组在假手术后经腹腔注射雷公藤红素3 mg/kg,I/R组在再灌注5 min经腹腔注射DMSO 0.3 ml/kg,I/R+C组在再灌注5 min经腹腔注射雷公藤红素3 mg/kg。在再灌注前5 min和再灌注后24 h进行神经功能缺失评分;在再灌注后24 h进行氯化三苯四唑氮(2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride,TTC)染色观察脑梗死体积及梗死体积百分比,HE染色观察缺血侧海马CA1区病理改变,ELISA方法测定缺血侧脑组织肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)及白细胞介素-1β(interleukin-1β,IL-1β)含量,Western blot方法测定缺血侧脑组织核因子-κB(nuclear factor-κB,NF-κB)p65及其抑制蛋白(inhibitor ofκB,IκB)α蛋白表达水平。结果:与S组、S+C组分别比较,I/R组和I/R+C组神经功能缺失评分、脑梗死体积及梗死体积百分比、TNF-α及IL-1β含量、NF-κB p65蛋白表达水平均升高,IκBα蛋白表达水平降低(P<0.01),缺血侧海马CA1区有明显病理损伤。与I/R组比较,I/R+C组神经功能缺失评分、脑梗死体积及梗死体积百分比、TNF-α及IL-1β含量、NF-κB p65蛋白表达水平均降低,IκBα蛋白表达水平升高(P<0.01),缺血侧海马CA1区病理损伤较轻。S组与S+C组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:雷公藤红素后处理可以减轻大鼠局灶性脑I/R损伤,其作用机制可能与抑制NF-κB的活化,减少TNF-α及IL-1β产生,从而减轻炎症反应有关。     

高脂血症对大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注后神经损伤及ROS/Nrf2通路的影响

目的探讨高脂血症(HL)对大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注(I/R)后神经损伤的影响及机制。方法按照随机对照表法将60只SD大鼠分为6组:正常组、假手术组、I/R组、HL组、HL+假手术组、HL+I/R组,每组各10只;正常组、假手术组、I/R组均采用低脂饲料饲养,HL组、HL+假手术组、HL+I/R组均采用高脂饲料喂养,各组大鼠均喂养8周;采用大脑中动脉局灶性栓塞法建立局灶性脑I/R模型;再灌注后24 h进行神经行为评分;TTC染色法观察脑梗死体积;TUNEL染色观察海马CA1区脑组织凋亡;试剂盒检测脑组织匀浆中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)水平;western blot法检测海马CA1区脑组织中Nrf2的蛋白表达。结果正常组、假手术组、HL组和HL+假手术组大鼠神经功能评分均为0,且均未出现脑梗死;I/R组神经功能评分、脑梗死体积、海马CA1区脑组织凋亡指数均较正常组和假手术组显著增加(均P<0.05);与I/R组比较,HL+I/R组的神经功能评分、脑梗死体积以及海马CA1区脑组织凋亡指数均增加(均P<0.05),而且脑组织匀浆中SOD和GSH-Px水平及Nrf2蛋白表达量均降低,MDA水平升高(均P<0.05)。结论高脂血症可加重局灶性脑I/R的神经功能损伤,诱导神经元凋亡,其机制可能是通过ROS/Nrf2途径介导。     

肢体缺血后处理通过Nrf2/ARE通路对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤的影响

目的 探讨肢体缺血后处理通过核转录因子红细胞系相关因子-2(Nrf2)/抗氧化反应元件(ARE)通路对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤(CIRI)的影响.方法 45只大鼠随机分为假手术组(S组)、缺血再灌注组(I/R组)、肢体缺血后处理组(LpostC组)3组,每组15只.分别建立I/R组、LpostC组的脑缺血再灌注模型,在该基础上建立LpostC组的肢体缺血后处理模型.于造模后24 h分别比较三组的神经功能缺损评分、脑梗死体积、脑组织病理形态学、Nrf2和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)1蛋白表达.结果 S组大鼠无神经功能缺损、脑梗死,LpostC组神经功能缺损评分和脑梗死体积低于I/R组(均P<0.05);S组脑组织无病理学改变,I/R组呈急性缺血性改变,LpostC组病理学改变轻于I/R组;I/R组、LpostC组的Nrf2和SOD1蛋白表达均高于S组,且LpostC组高于I/R组(均P<0.05).结论 肢体缺血后处理上调大鼠Nrf2和SOD1蛋白表达,通过激活Nrf2/ARE信号通路减轻CIRI.     

心肌缺血再灌注损伤大鼠胱硫醚β-合酶/硫化氢和血红素氧合酶-1/一氧化碳的相互作用

目的 研究胱硫醚母β-合酶(CBS)/硫化氢(H2S)体系和血红素氧合酶-1(HO-1)/一氧化碳(CO)体系在大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤中的相互作用.方法 30只SD大鼠随机分为5组(n=6):对照组(C组)、心肌缺血再灌注组(I/R组)、心肌缺血再灌注+锌原卟啉(HO-1抑制剂)组(I/R+Z组)、心肌缺血再灌注+羟氨(CBS抑制剂)组(I/R+H组)、心肌缺血再灌注+锌原卟啉+羟氨组(I/R+Z+H组).I/R+Z组、I/R+H组和I/R+Z+H组夹闭左冠状动脉前30 min分别腹腔注射锌原卟啉45μmol/kg、5 mmol/L羟氨1 ml和5 mmol/L羟氨1 ml+锌原卟啉45μmol/kg,C组和I/R组腹腔注射等量生理盐水.缺血30 min再灌注2 h后处死大鼠取心肌组织,测定大鼠心肌组织中H2S、NO、GSH、MDA含量、SOD活性及CBS-mRNA和HO-1-mRNA表达的变化;电镜下观察心肌组织线粒体的变化.结果 与C组相比,I/R组H2S、CO和MDA含量增高,GSH含量和SOD活性降低,CBS-mRNA和HO-1-mRNA表达增高.与I/R组相比,I/R+Z组CO含量降低,H2S和GSH含量增高,CBS-mRNA表达增高,HO-1-mRNA表达降低;I/R+H组H2S和GSH含量降低,CO含量增高,CBS-mRNA的表达降低,HO-1-mRNA表达增高;I/R+Z+H组H2S、CO、GSH含量和SOD活性降低,MDA含量增高,CBS-mRNA和HO-1-mRNA的表达均降低;I/R+Z+H组大鼠心肌组织线粒体损伤加重(P<0.05).结论 CBS/H2S体系和HO-1/CO体系在大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤过程中有相互作用.     

褪黑素对大鼠缺血再灌注后心脏功能的影响

目的探讨外源性褪黑素(MLT)对急性缺血再灌注后在体大鼠心脏功能的影响及机理。方法36只大鼠随机分为对照组、缺血再灌注(I/R)组及缺血再灌注+褪黑素(I/R+MLT)组,I/R组及I/R+MLT组在体大鼠心脏左冠状动脉前降支完全阻断10min,再灌15min,术中监测记录心电及血流动力学的变化,随后测定局部受损心肌中MDA(丙二醛)的含量和SOD(超氧化物歧化酶)的活性。结果心脏血流动力学指标I/R+MLT组好于I/R组(P<0.01);I/R组MDA的含量明显高于对照组及I/R+MLT组(P<0.01),SOD活性明显低于对照组及I/R+MLT组(P<0.01),I/R+MLT组MDA含量及SOD活性与对照组差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论褪黑素对急性缺血再灌注后在体大鼠心脏功能具有保护作用,其机理可能与其清除自由基抗氧化作用有关。     

粉防己碱对大鼠脑缺血再灌注后IL-1β表达的影响

目的 探讨粉防己碱对大鼠脑缺血再灌注后IL-1β表达的影响.方法 90只SD大鼠随机分为假手术组(Sham),缺血/再灌注组(I/R),粉防己碱处理组(Tel).采用线栓法复制大鼠右侧大脑中动脉脑缺血/再灌注模型,用放射免疫方法测定脑组织中IL-1β的含量.结果 I/R组再灌注1h脑组织中IL-1β表达(4.71±0.73 ng/mg)开始升高,再灌注6h(10.56±0.61 ng/mg)达高峰;Tet组再灌注2 h、6 h、12 h脑组织中IL-1β含量与I/R组相应时间段比较显著降低(P＜0.01),仍显著高于Sham组(P＜0.01).结论 粉防己碱抑制大鼠脑组织缺血/再灌注IL-1β的表达,减轻炎性反应,对再灌注脑组织具有保护作用.     

Acupuncture Treatment of Vomiting

CASE HISTORY A female patient, 46 years old, head of the foreign affairs department of a certain university in Beijing, paid her first visit on October 9, 2006, with the chief complaint of vomiting for one month. She got vomiting after meals in early September. Before that, she had discomfortable sensation in the stomach due to angry with others, but she didn't pay much attention. Later, it developed into vomiting after eating. After the vomiting, the discomfort would be relieved, but with slight hypodynamia. She was once diagnosed as having 'neurogenic vomiting'. Having taken some western and Chinese drugs, the above symptoms were a little bit improved, but she would have nausea upon eating and with regurgitation. Because of the fear for vomiting, she did not dare to have food intake, with body weight reduction of 6 kilos in one month.     

Qiu Baoguo''''s Experience in Treating Consumptive Syndromes after Radio-Chemotherapies

Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the important modern medical therapies for malignant tumors,yet they can also bring about serious local and systemic toxic side reactions so to decrease the patient;'s life quality,manifested by a series of consumptive symptoms.Having engaged in the combined work of Chinese and western medicine for nearly 50 years,the research fellow Qiu Baoguo in Henan Provincial Academy of TCM has developed his unique views on the TCM study of consumptive syndromes.The author of this essay had once the fortune tO follow Dr.Qiu in clinic,and specially would like to introduce in the following Dr.Qiu's experience in treating consumptive syndromes after radio-chemotherapies for patients with malignant tumor.     

Insomnia Due to Deficiency of Both the Heart and Spleen Treated by Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Chinese Tuina

OBJECTIVE: To observe therapeutic effects of the comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen. METHODS: 92 cases were divided randomly into the treatment group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina) and the control group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion). RESULTS: The therapeutic effect of the treatment group was obviously superior to that of the control group (the CHI2 test showed P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina can give marked therapeutic effects for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen.     

Analysis of CK-19,PDX-1,Nestin,Ngn3 in different donor islet purity in rats

Objective: To investigate if there are the CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 positive cells in the donor islets of different purity in rats. Methods: Thirty male adult SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups. Islets were isolated using digestion by ductal injection of collagenase. Group Ⅰ (n=10): Separating cell preparations were not purified, Group Ⅱ(n=10): Islet sediment was purified with 25% Ficoll400 ,Group Ⅲ (n=10): Islet sediment was purified with 25% and 11% Ficoll-400. The levels of protein of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin and Ngn3 were detected by immunohistochemistry and the mRNA of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 was amplified by RT-PCR. Results: After two different purification methods applied, three islet preparations of different purities were obtained. The difference of islet purity was significant among various groups (P＜0.05). Compared with group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ,the protein and mRNA of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin,Ngn3 were both higher in group Ⅰ; group Ⅲ was poorly expressed. Conclusions: The three different islet purity donor islet have different CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 positive cells within them, indicating that there are some islet stem cells in the purified donor islet.     

A preliminary screening study on the associated proteins in human psoriasis vulgaris by serum proteomics technologies

Objective：To investigate the optimum screening conditions of associated proteins in human psoriasis vulgaris by serum proteomics technique, and to screen the different expression proteins related with psoriasis vulgaris. Methods：Serum samples of peripheral blood were collected from newly diagnosed psoriasis vulgaris patients in the clinic, and 20 matched healthy persons. Serum albumin IgG was removed by filtering with ProteoExtract Albumin/IgG. After comparative proteomics analysis the different protein spots were identified using 2-DE and MS. Results ：Electrophoresis figures with high resolution and reproducibility were obtained. Three different expression proteins were found only in the serum from psoriasis vulgaris patients, while nine other different proteins expressing from healthy volunteers. Conclusion：The protein expression was different in the serum between the psoriasis vulgaris patients and healthy volunteers. It was hoped that we could find the biomarkers related to psoriasis vulgaris by using proteomics.     

A CASE OF HUGE GASTRIC DISOPYROBEZOAR

PYTOBEZOARS are common bezoars in gastrontestinal tract, commonly seen in stomach and mall intestine,1but huge disopyrobezoars are     

Acupuncture Treatment of Chest Bi Syndrome

CASE HISTORY A male,a retired officer of 61 years old,paid his first visit on May 12,2006.The patient stated that 2 weeks before he suddenly got paroxysmal precordial choking pain,with irregular attacks.Each attack would last several seconds to several minutes.The attack was accompanied with heavy oppressed sensation in the precordial region,palpitation,lassitude,and in severe cases,sweating,which was once diagnosed by a hospital as'coronary heart disease'.Recalling the case history,the patient said that several days before he got angry with others because of some affairs in work,and he was not so used to the life pattern since he had just retired from his busy working post.At usual times,he was quick tempered and peevish.In recent days,he had poor appetite,and loose stool.     

Instructions to Contributors

The English edition of Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine is edited and published by the Chinese Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine Press.Original scientific papers of advanced clinical and experimental medicine in the field of complementary/alternative medicine or integrative medicine are expected.