体外循环下心脏不停跳与非体外循环冠状动脉搭桥术治疗冠状动脉左主干病变的对比研究

目的    对比研究体外循环下行心脏不停跳与非体外循环下冠状动脉搭桥治疗冠状动脉左主干病变的临床效果。方法     180例单纯冠状动脉左主干病变患者分别进入非体外循环下冠状动脉搭桥组(OPCAB组,n=90)和体外循环下心脏不停跳行搭桥组（OPBH,n=90)。两组患者在心绞痛程度、合并慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)、心肌梗死史和糖尿病、高血压,高血脂,中风,肾功能受损等方面无统计学差异(P＞0.05),但OPBH组低左室射血分数(LVEF)的患者的比例明显多于OPCAB组(P<0．05)。所有患者均采用胸骨正中切口。OPCAB组用单根心包深吊线,引入一橡皮管,帮助暴露各冠状动脉分支,采用心脏局部固定器,辅以腔内分流栓,完成远端吻合。OPBH组在体外循环(CPB)的辅助下,用OPCAB的方法显露冠状动脉各个分支,完成各个吻合。所有患者术终行桥血流定量测定。结果    OPCAB组无1例需转成OPBH。两组人均冠状动脉远端吻合数(OPCAB组：3.22±0.58。OPBH组：3.06±0.72)和再血管化指数相似,术后呼吸支持时间、胸腔引流量和输血量明显少于OPBH组(P<0．05);两组围手术期心肌梗死、出血再开胸、呼吸功能不全、肾功能异常、脑卒中、心房颤动、纵隔炎、下肢切口感染和围术期死亡例数无统计学差异(P>0．05)。结论    对比研究结果显示,两种手术方式均可以取得良好的临床效果。对于低LVEF的患者,OPBH可用于治疗冠状动脉左主干病变,能达到完全性再血管化,虽然出血和输血量较大,术后呼吸支持时间和ICU停留时间较长,但能取得与OPCAB相同的疗效。     

非体外与常规体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术的比较

目的 比较非体外循环下冠状动脉旁路移植术(OPCAB)与常规体外循环下冠状动脉旁路移植术(CCABG)的初期效果. 方法 回顾性地将76例单独行冠状动脉旁路移植术的患者分为OPCAB组(n=46)和CCABG组(n=30).OPCAB组患者通过胸骨正中切口,在非体外循环心脏不停跳下完成冠状动脉旁路移植术;CCABG组建立常规体外循环,心脏停搏下完成冠状动脉旁路移植术.对2组病例的术前和术后各项指标进行比较. 结果 2组患者术前的一般情况无差异.OPCAB组与CCABG组的移植旁路血管数分别为(2.8±0.9)支及(2.7±0.9)支(P＞0.05);术后多巴胺使用率为32.6%比70.0%(P＜0.05).OPCAB组术后胸腔引流量和输血量较少,呼吸机辅助时间、ICU留观时间和住院时间均较短,住院费用较低(P均＜0.05).术后并发症的发生率OPCAB组为10.9%,CCABG组为30.0%,两组比较差别有统计学意义(P＜0.05).2组患者均无手术中死亡;术后心绞痛症状均消失. 结论 OPCAB治疗冠心病的初期效果优于CCABG,但其近、远期疗效还需进一步观察.     

非体外循环下冠状动脉搭桥术的麻醉管理

目的:探讨非体外循环下冠状动脉搭桥的麻醉管理方法。方法:16例冠状动脉狭窄病人分别在全麻下采用体外循环(CCABG组)和非体外循环(OPCAB组)下行冠状动脉搭桥术,麻醉方法采用咪唑安定、芬太尼、异丙酚、安氟醚静吸复合麻醉,术中通过心血管活性药物控制血压、心率。对OPCAB搭桥前后血流动力学变化进行比较,并对OPCAB和CCABG手术时间,术后恢复情况,输血情况进行比较。结果:OPCAB术的麻醉能够维持病人的血流动力学平稳,手术时间(120±32min),术后呼吸支持时间(6.5±3.6h),ICU停留时间(24.3±8.5h)及输血量(2.5±0.5u)均小于CCABG组。结论:OPCAB手术的麻醉效果满意,血流动力学稳定,能够满足手术要求,并相对于体外循环下手术的病人更早恢复,更省费用,具有明显的优势。     

冠状动脉搭桥术60例治疗体会

目的:总结60例冠状动脉搭桥术的临床经验。方法:对2002年12月至2006年11月进行冠状动脉搭桥术的60例病人进行临床分析。全组男52例,女8例,平均年龄(52.31±8.12)岁;其中陈旧性心肌梗死23例,急性心肌梗死5例,不稳定性心绞痛41例,合并高血压29例,糖尿病18例,左室室壁瘤3例。左心室射血分数平均(0.52±0.17)。6例行常规体外循环心脏停跳下冠状动脉旁路移植术(CCABG),其中2例同时行左室室壁瘤切除术。9例行常温体外循环心脏跳动下冠状动脉旁路移植术。45例行非体外循环心脏跳动下冠状动脉旁路移植术(OPCAB),其中2例术中改为体外循环下行冠状动脉搭桥术(CABG)。急诊手术3例。结果:全组共行左乳内动脉桥吻合59支,桡动脉桥4支,大隐静脉桥94支。应用主动脉内球囊反搏(IABP)6例。住院死亡3例,57例10~18d痊愈出院。结论:OPCAB与传统的体外循环下冠状动脉搭桥术(CCABG)相比,有一定的优势。体外循环准备是OPCAB手术不可缺少的一部分。IABP对于衰竭的心脏是一种强有力的辅助措施,疗效优于目前应用的任何药物。     

非体外循环动脉化与常规冠状动脉旁路移植术对比分析

目的评估非体外循环动脉化冠状动脉旁路移植术(AOPCAB)与常规体外循环下冠状动脉旁路移植术(CCABG)相比是否具有优越性。方法将60例2支以上血管病变行冠状动脉旁路移植术(不包括瓣膜手术或室壁瘤切除等合并手术的病例)患者分为AOPCAB组和CCABG组,40例AOPCAB组通过胸骨正中切口,在非体外循环心脏不停跳下完成冠状动脉旁路移植术;20例CCABG组建立常规体外循环,心脏停搏下完成冠状动脉旁路移植术。对两组病例的术前和术后各项指标进行对比分析。结果两组患者术前的一般情况无差异,AOPCAB组与CCABG组移植旁路血管分别为2.9±0.8支比3.9±1.1支(P<0.01),但所用的血管材料两组间无差异。AOPCAB组术后呼吸机辅助时间和外科住院时间较短,住院费用较低(P<0.05)。AOPCAB组无手术死亡,CCABG组死亡1例(P>0.05)。结论 AOPCAB治疗冠心病多支病变的初期结果显示可以减少患者术后辅助呼吸时间和外科住院时间,降低住院费用,术后并发症少,但远期效果仍有待进一步临床研究验证。     

体外和非体外循环对冠状动脉搭桥术疗效的影响

目的对比分析99例非体外循环下冠状动脉搭桥术(OPCAB)和87例常规体外循环下冠状动脉搭桥术(CCABG)的疗效。方法对186例冠状动脉搭桥术的疗效进行回顾性分析。结果CCABG死亡1例,OPCAB组无手术死亡;OPCAB组在ICU时间、呼吸机辅助呼吸时间、术后住院时间方面优于CCABG组;但两组在死亡率、输血量、术后引流量和肺部感染等方面差异无统计学意义。结论OPCAB和CCABG均安全可行,疗效确实;OPCAB与CCABG相比,在术后恢复上有一定优势,但还不能取代CCABG。     

40例老年冠状动脉旁路移植术临床分析

目的总结连续40例老年冠状动脉旁路移植术无死亡的临床体会,并比较非体外循环不停跳冠状动脉搭桥术OPCAB和体外循环下冠状动脉旁路移植术CCABG后的早中期结果。方法回顾性的分析2003年9月~2006年6月连续完成老年冠状动脉搭桥术40例,年龄65~85岁,其中12例CCABG,28例OPCABG。结果两组病人均无手术死亡。OPCAB组三支病变26/28,CCABG组三支病变10/12,其中1例同期室壁瘤切除,1例同期二尖瓣置换。平均旁路移植支数少(3.4±0.8)支。随访结果:两组均得到随访,随访率100%,随访时间1~34个月,随访期间,两组中仅有1例术后一月剧烈活动后出现心绞痛,其他无任何症状。结论对于选择性病例,只要掌握手术适应症,OPCAB和CCABG均可以获得较满意的早中期效果。     

术中瞬时血流监测在体外和非体外循环下冠脉搭桥中的应用

目的评价瞬时血流监测(TTFM)在冠脉搭桥(coronary artery bypass graft,CABG)中的应用价值。方法60例冠脉搭桥患者随机分为体外循环组(on-pump coronary artery bypass graft,CCABG组)和非体外循环组(off-pump coronary artery bypass graft,OPCAB组),每组30例。搭桥完毕,循环稳定(体外循环组撤除体外循环)后,分别测量各移植桥血管的血流量和血流比值,并记录其波形和心电图。结果两组患者按计划完成手术,无手术死亡者,未发生严重并发症,OPCAB组中无中途转为体外循环者;搭桥数:CCABG组121支,OPCAB组108支。两组患者各桥血管的血流量及血流指数间差别无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论TTFM有助于CABG术中准确判断吻合桥的通畅情况;体外循环和非体外循环下冠脉移植均可取得满意的吻合口通畅程度。     

体外和非体外循环下心脏搭桥手术的临床效果对比

目的:探究体外和非体外循环条件下行心脏搭桥手术的临床效果对比。方法:选取2016年1月—2017年1月于我院进行心脏搭桥手术治疗的73例患者为观察对象,按照手术方式将其分为体外循环冠状动脉搭桥术组(CCABG)和非体外循环冠状动脉搭桥术(OPCAB)组,对比两组患者手术时间、术中出血量、输血量、术后机械通气时间、ICU治疗时间、住院天数、术后24h引流量,并对患者随访12个月,了解其术后并发症发生情况,最后使用生活质量评分(SF-36)对患者术后12个月生活质量进行评估。结果:(1)OPCAB组患者手术时间、术中出血量、输血量均低于CCABG组(P<0.05);(2)OPCAB组患者术后机械通气时间、ICU治疗时间、住院天数、术后24h引流量均低于CCABG组(P<0.05);(3)术后随访OPCAB组患者并发症发生率低于CCABG组(P<0.05);(4)术后12个月OPCAB组患者SF-36各维度评分高于CCABG组(P<0.05)。结论:OPCAB术中患者机体损伤较小,术后患者恢复较快,且远期随访示患者术后生活质量较好,并发症发生率低。     

60岁以上患者体外和非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术后早期肾功能损伤研究

目的探讨体外及非体外循环两种冠状动脉旁路移植术式对60岁以上患者术后早期急性肾功能损伤的影响。方法回顾性分析95例择期行冠状动脉旁路移植术治疗的患者的临床资料,其中非体外循环下冠状动脉旁路移植术患者51例(OPCAB组),常规体外循环下冠状动脉旁路移植术患者44例(CCABG组),检测术前,术后1、2、3 d和术后7 d的血清肌酐值(Cr)。观察两组患者术后肌酐变化情况。结果两组患者术前血清Cr水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。CCABG组术后肌酐值高于OPCAB组(P<0.05),OPCABG组肌酐水平在1 d后达到高峰值,CCABG组在2 d后达高峰值。OPCAB组发生5例急性肾功能损伤(AKI),CCABG组发生11例AKI,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对于60岁以上患者,非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术对患者肾功能保护更有利。     

Comparative study of on-pump and off-pump coronary bypass surgery in patients with triple-vessel coronary artery disease

Background Studies on selected patients undergoing off-pump versus on-pump coronary artery bypass surgery have produced inconsistent results, especially in patients with multiple coronary artery disease. This study compared the clinical results of on-pump and off-pump coronary bypass surgery in patients with triple-vessel disease.Methods A total of 300 consecutive isolated, multiple coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) patients were assigned to the off-pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB, n=150) or CABG with cardiopulmonary bypass (CCABG, n=150) groups. There were no significant differences regarding degree of angina, history of myocardial infarction or diabetes, and presence of left main coronary artery disease between the two groups. Ejection fraction in the OPCAB group before surgery was lower than in the CCABG group (P&lt;0.01). In addition, more patients had a history of stroke and abnormal renal function preoperatively in the OPCAB group（P&lt; 0.01）. In OPCAB patients, single deep pericardial stay suture with a sling snared down was used to expose the target vessels, along with a stabilizer and a coronary shunt. A Medi-Stim Butterfly Flowmeter was used to measure blood flow through grafts in both groups.Results No OPCAB patient was converted to the CCABG group. The average numbers of distal anastomoses and the indexes of completeness of revascularization (ICR) were similar in both groups. Postoperative respiratory support time and the volumes of chest tube drainage and of blood transfusions were less in the OPCAB group than in the CCABG group (both P&lt;0.01). The postoperative incidences of pulmonary dysfunction and renal insufficiency were lower in the OPCAB group than in the CCABG group （both P&lt;0.05）. There were no significant differences between the two groups in mortality and other causes of morbidity (periopetative myocardial infarction, stroke, atrial fibrillation). Conclusions OPCAB can be applied to patients with triple-vessel coronary artery disease and can achieve similar completeness of revascularization and similar early surgical results, with shorter respiratory support, reduced transfusion requirement, and fewer cases of pulmonary dysfunction and abnormal renal function.     

Graft patency in off-pump and conventional coronary artery bypass grafting for treatment of triple vessel coronary disease

Inanattempttoavoidthedeleteriouseffectsofcardiopulmonarybypass (CPB) ,off pumpcoronarybypasssurgeryhasrecentlybeenrediscoveredandrefined Overthepastdecade ,theuseofoff pumporbeating heartcoronaryarterybypass (OPCAB)surgeryhassincebecomemorepopularandwidelyused Intriplevesseldisease ,accesstothelateralandposteriorwallvesselstofacilitatecompleterevascularizationevolved ,accompaniedbytechnicaladvancesintheinstrumentationforstabilizationoftheheart Multiplepreviousauthorshavereportedaseriesofoff…     

采用血栓弹力图监测冠状动脉旁路移植术对血小板功能的影响

目的用血栓弹力图(TEG)监测体外循环下冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)与非体外循环下冠状动脉旁路移植术(OPCAB)对患者凝血及血小板功能的影响。方法连续选取2012年4月至12月患者48例,前瞻性随机分为CABG组(n=28)和OPCAB组(n=20)。分别于肝素化前5 min及鱼精蛋白中和后10 min经中心静脉导管采血,采用TEG及Platelet MappingTM系统检测两组患者的凝血和血小板功能,同时测定激活全血凝固时间(ACT)及血常规。记录术后出血量及同种异体输血量。结果两组患者鱼精蛋白中和后相比肝素化前ACT、R值、K值及α角均无显著差异;但MA值、血小板抑制率(INHADP、INHAA)差异显著(P<0.05)。肝素化前两组患者的ACT值及TEG参数值相比无显著差异;鱼精蛋白中和后两组患者的R值、K值及α角相比差异不显著,但MA值、INHADP、INHAA相比差异显著(P<0.05)。术后OPCAB组引流量及输血量明显少于CABG组(P<0.05)。结论血小板功能受损是导致CABG凝血功能受损的主要原因。与CABG相比,OPCAB有益于保护血小板和凝血功能,减少术后异常出血及输血量。     

Comparative study of graft flow between on-pump and off-pump coronary bypass surgery for patients with multivessel coronary artery disease

Objective： To Comparatively study grafts flow between on-pump and off-pump coronary bypass surgery for patients with triple coronary artery disease. Methods ： The grafts flow was studied in 100 patients of OPCAB and compared with 100 cases of CCABG by means of Medi-Stim Butterfly Flowmeter measurement intraoperatively. Results： The mean number of the distal anastomosis was 3.78＋ 1.11 in CCABG group, and 3.83 ＋ 0.93 in OPCAB group. The index of completeness of revascularization in CCABG group was 1.01 ＋ 0.08, and 1.10＋ 0.09 in OPCAB group. The flow of grafts was satisfied in all patients. The PI values were all under 5. There was no significant difference in the mean graft flow and PI value between two groups. Conclusion： OPCAB can provide the same grafts flow and similar completeness of revascularization when compared with CCABG which indicates the similar anastomosis quality of grafts in OPCAB and CCABG groups.     

Is the use of cardiopulmonary bypass for isolated coronary artery bypass an independent predictor of mortality and morbidity in patients with severe left ventricular dysfunction?

Background Patients presenting with severe left ventricular dysfunction （SLVD） undergoing conventional coronary artery bypass grafting （CCABG） are at an increased risk of perioperative mortality and morbidity. The aim of this study was to assess the risk factors responsible for mortality and morbidity among patients with SLVD by comparing CCABG and oft-pump coronary artery bypass surgery （OPCAB）.
Methods We retrospectively evaluated 186 consecutive patients with SLVD who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting （CABG）, including 102 by CCABG and 84 by OPCAB. Registry database, medical notes, and charts were studied for preoperative and postoperative data of the patients. Different variables and risk factors （preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative） were evaluated and compared. The morbidity and mortality outcomes were compared in the two groups. The follow-up results and quality of life were assessed after surgery.
Results The two groups had similar percentage of patients with preoperative high-risk profiles and no significant differences were found between groups in baseline variables such as age or comorbidities. There was a significant difference in the number of grafts used between the two groups. CCABG patients received （3.6±0.5） grafts per patient, while OPCAB patients had （2.7±0.6） grafts （P 〈0.05）. Completeness of revascularization was also significantly different between the two groups （CCABG 91.1% vs OPCAB 73.8%, P 〈0.05）. The hospital mortality was similar in the two groups （4.8% in OPCAB vs 5.9% in CCABG）. The risk-adjusted mortality, according to the calculated propensity score, did not reach statistical significance in the two groups. In this study, OPCAB seemed to have a beneficial effect on reducing reoperation for bleeding, blood transfusion requirement, and the length of stay at ICU. But the incidence of perioperative myocardial infarction was more common in the off-pump group （P 〈0.05）. The degree of improvement in angina and qual     

Off-pump versus on-pump coronary artery bypass surgery for the treatment of left main with triple coronary artery disease

Objective:To obtain early results of off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting(OPCAB) in patients with significant left main coro- nary artery(LMCA) and triple vessels stenosis by comparing with those of a similar group undergoing conventional coronary artery bypass surgery(CCAB). Methods:Data for patients with significant LMCA and triple vessels stenosis who underwent CCAB or OPCAB were collected retrospectively between January 1999 and May 2006. Non-randomized, retrospective data analysis included demo- graphic and preoperative risk factors, operative details, clinical outcome and early follow-up. Results: The number of distal anastomo- sis and grafts varied from 3 to 6. The average number per patient was similar in the two groups (OPCAB group:3.76± 0.98, CCAB group:3.81± 1.02). Thirty-day mortality occurred to one patient in the OPCAB group whereas two early deaths were observed in the CCAB group but did not reach statistical significance (P > 0.05). The frequency of atrial fibrillation (AF), IABP usage, mediastinitis, re-operation for bleeding (or tamponade) were similar in the two groups (P > 0.05). Postoperative inotropic requirements, peak CK- MB, ventilation time, blood loss, FFP, RBC transfusion need and the length of ICU-stay were all significantly lower in the OPCAB group compared with CCAB group(P < 0.05).Conclusion: Significant LMCA and triple-vessel stenosis can safely and effectively undergo myocardial revascularization using OPCAB surgery. LMCA should no longer be seen as a contraindication to perform OPCAB grafting.     

280例冠状动脉旁路移植术临床分析

目的总结非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术(OPCAB)的治疗效果和临床经验。方法选自1998-03~2004-10间280例冠心病(CAD)患者接受冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)。OPCAB实施率(即OPCAB占单纯冠状动脉旁路移植术的百分比)为94.7%。平均年龄63.1岁。合并瓣膜病变11例,合并室壁瘤9例。左室射血分数(LVEF)平均47%±14%。5例急诊手术,其中2例术前放置主动脉内球囊反搏(IABP)。32例在常规体外循环下手术;248例采用非体外循环心脏不停跳技术,术中改施体外循环6例。其中5例全动脉化、2例全静脉化旁路移植术。结果平均每例远端吻合口2.95个。4例左前胸部小切口单支病变旁路移植术,其余均为正中切口,多支病变的CABG手术。死亡3例(1.07%)。结论OPCAB手术安全可行,早期效果满意,远期效果有待进一步观察。OPCAB具备独特的技术特点和方法。     

体外循环与非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术输血情况的对比研究

目的对比研究常规冠状动脉旁路移植术（conventional coronary artery bypass grafting,CCABG）与非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术（off-pump coronary artery bypass,OPCAB）患者术中及术后输血量及输血费用的不同。方法对345例行CABG的患者进行了术中、术后输血量及输血费用的统计,所有患者分为CCABG组135例,OP-CAB组210例。分别统计两组患者术中及术后输红细胞量、血浆量、血小板量、输血总量以及各自相关费用。结果CCABG组输血率显著高于OPCAB组（分别为82.2%和46.7%,P〈0.05）,输红细胞量、输红细胞费用、输血浆量、输血浆费用、输血总量及输血总费用CCABG组均显著高于OPCAB组（P〈0.05）,而输血小板量及输血小板费用两组之间无显著性差异（P〉0.05）。结论与CCABG相比,OPCAB患者术中、术后输血量及输血费用显著减少,OPCAB对患者恢复有利,并能减轻患者经济费用。