Experimental study on the function of the cricothyreoideus of the dog

ＥｘｐｅｒｉｍｅｎｔａｌｓｔｕｄｙｏｎｔｈｅｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎｏｆｔｈｅｃｒｉｃｏｔｈｙｒｅｏｉｄｅｕｓｏｆｔｈｅｄｏｇＹｉｎＢａｏｇｕｏ尹保国，ＧｕｏＪｉａｓｏｎｇ郭家松，ＴａｎｇＦｕｂｉｎ唐甫斌，ＺｈａｎｇＲｏｎｇｈａｎ张荣汉ａｎｄＨｕＦａｎｇｌｉ...     

ool of Tianjin Committee of the CPCJournal of the Party School

目的:在高血压一线药物中,与利尿剂相比,肾上腺素α受体阻断剂被认为提供的保护作用较弱。考虑到α受体阻断剂在代谢方面的优势,尽管临床血压差异可部分解释这种保护方面的劣势,该劣势仍显得出人意料。本研究目的是评价α受体阻断剂应用与血压下降的关系。方法:对24h动态血压监测数据库进行横断面评估,以确定抗高血压治疗和血压下降的关系。在3年期间内有681例接受了治疗的受试对象(年龄63±14岁,女性占57%)。结果:在681例高血压患者中共有78例(11%)应用α受体阻断剂治疗。9%的血压下降者和16%血压不下降者应用了α受体阻断剂(OR2.0)。然而…     

For the health of the people—commemorating the 135thanniversary of the founding of the Chinese Medical Journal

<正>The year (2022) marks the 135th anniversary of the founding of the Chinese Medical Journal. Over the past 135 years, the journal has witnessed tremendous changes in the health conditions of the Chines     

Congenital perforation of the triangular fibrocartilage of the wrist.

The triangwlar fibrocartilages(TFC) of 136 wrist joints from 48 fetuses and 20 infants fresh cadavers without any evidence of known deformity and injary were studied .Perforations of the TFC were found not only in infants(18.8%),but also in fetuses(25%).     

Comparison of the distribution of peptidergic neurons between the amygdaloid nucleus and bed nucleus of the stria terminalis of rats

Using immunohistochemical technique,the cell bodies and fiber terminals of 13peptidergic neurons-vasoactive intestinal peptide(VIP)-,cholecystokinin(CCK)-,corticotropin releasing factor(CRF)-,neurotensin(NT)-,galanin(GAL)-,substance P(SP)-,somatostatin(SOM)-,calcitonin gene related peptide(CGRP)-,α-melanocytestimulating hormone(β-MSH)-,β-endorphin(β-END)-,angiotensin Ⅱ(Ang Ⅱ)-,L-enkephalin(L-ENK)-,and M-enkephalin(M-ENK)-immunohistochemical reactive(IR)neurons were studied and the pattern of distribution of these peptidergic neurons inthe amygdaloid nucleus(AMYG)and the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis(BST)of therat was compared.Some similarities of the distribution of these peptidergic neurons in thesubdivisions of the AMYG and BST were observed.The peptidergic neurons in the ante-rior part of BST are similar to those in the central amygdaloid nucleus and in the medialamygdaloid nucleus,and the peptidergic neurons in the posterior part of BST are similarto those in the lateral and basal amygdaloid nucleus.     

Review of the Mechanisms of Action of the Statins and Their Pleiotropic Effects in the Treatment of Hypercholesterolemia and Atherosclerosis

Statins are lipid-towering agents widely used in the treatment of hyperchotesterotemia and atherosclerosis. They act by inhibiting of 3-hydroxy-3-methytgtutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, an enzyme responsible for the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevatonate in cholesterol biosynthesis. Due to their ability to reduce low-density tipoproteins (LDL) Levels more than other cholesterol-lowering drugs, they have become the drugs most often prescribed in the treatment of atheroscterosis.     

Regulation of treatment of infants at the edge of viability in Italy: the role of the medical profession?

In the last few years there has been intense debate in Italy on administration of life-prolonging treatment to premature babies at the edge of viability. In 2006, a group of experts based in Florence drafted recommendations known as Carta di Firenze (CdF) for responsible use of intensive care for premature infants between 22 and 25 weeks of gestational age (GA). The CdF was later endorsed by several medicoprofessional associations, but was followed by recommendations by the Ministry of Health mandating resuscitation for all premature babies regardless of GA and parental consent. Recent statements from medicoprofessional bodies seem to show that the 'always resuscitate rule' is not supported by many Italian doctors. We argue that ethically sensitive issues in medicine should be regulated with, and not against, the medical profession and its representative bodies.     

Morphological characteristics of the synaptic structures of substance P-immunoreactive terminals in the marginal division of the rat striatum

In the present study,the morphological characteristics of the synaptic structure(MCSS)of the substance P immunoreactive(SPIR)teminals in the marginal division(MrD)of the ratstriatum were studied by using electron microscopy and immunocytochemistry.Four major typesof SPIR symnapses were identified in teh MrD.axodendritic,axo-spinous,axo-axonic,and com-pound.Axo-dendritic and axo-spinous synapses were more common,and a few axo-axonic andcompound synapses wer observed as well.In the postsynaptic target zones of axo-dendritic,andaxo-spinous synapses,there were small or large dendrites or spires.Some synapses with morethan two synaptic components are referred to as compound synapses.Both symmetric andasymmetric SPIR synapses were seen in the MrD.The vesicles in the SPIR presynaptic boutonswere mostly pleomorphic although a few of them were round,The MCSS distinguishes theultrastructure of the MrD from that of the other part of striatum,which suggests that the func-tion of the MrD may be different from that of the rest of the striatum.     

Studies on the Antibacterial Activity of the Extract of Stachytarpheta angustifolia

Objective: To investigate the scientific bases for the traditional use of Stachy-tarpheta angustifolia. Methods: In vitro antibacterial activity of the aqueous and ethanol extract of the plant was investigated using the agar cup plate diffusion method. Results: The ethanol extract of the plant showed antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Streptococcus faecalis, Shigella dysenteriae, Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus), Salmonella sp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Neisseria gonorrhoeae, while the water extract was active against Escherichia coli, Streptococcus faecalis, Shigella dysenteriae, Staphylococcus aureus and. Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The ethanol extract exhibited higher antibacterial activity than the water extract. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the ethanol extract were 0.65mg/ml and 0.85mg/ml, respectively, anainst S.aureus. Treatment of the extract at higher temperature, 60℃ increased the sensitivity of the test organisms to the plant extract. Phytochemical analysis indicated that the plant possesses tannins, saponins as well as phenols. Conclusion: A scientific basis exists that the plant possesses antibacterial activity and it could be a probable source of therapeutic agent.     

CT与C型臂辅助遥控型脊柱微创手术机器人系统打孔可靠性研究

目的利用术前电子计算机X射线断层扫描技术(CT)和术中C型臂X线机辅助遥控型脊柱微创手术机器人系统进行牛脊骨标本打孔,评价该系统的精确性。探讨实验前CT、术中C型臂系统辅助遥控型脊柱手术机器人系统打孔的可行性。方法遥控型脊柱微创手术机器人系统由中科院沈阳自动化研究所与第三军医大学新桥医院骨科合作研发,可进行遥控打孔。由于该系统目前尚不能与虚拟手术系统或导航系统结合,因此本实验中预先在牛脊骨标本棘突置入克氏针作为标志物,然后进行CT摄影并以此为依据进行术前计划。根据C型臂X线机影像调整手术机器人系统前端夹持气钻位置,当C型臂X线机影像显示该气钻位置与椎弓根理想置钉位置重合时,遥控机器人系统进行打孔操作。之后再次拍摄CT并评估该系统精确性。结果遥控脊柱微创手术机器人系统进行打孔操作,可避免打孔过程中X射线对医师的损伤,该系统平均打孔时间为330(280～378)s/孔,平均X线透视次数为6(5～8)次。打孔数据与计划角度差值无统计学差异(P=0.209)。该系统存在一定的学习曲线,熟悉该系统后,应用此方法角度偏差能控制在4°之内。结论脊柱微创手术机器人系统打孔精确,利用实验前CT扫描结果进行实验前计划,根据该计划辅以C型臂系统遥控脊柱微创手术机器人系统进行打孔具有可行性。     

数字化导板引导种植手术备孔钻削产热及冷却研究

目的 研究数字化导板种植牙手术中钻孔时骨骼的产热机理,并探究分析在使用内冷却、常规外冷却及喷头冷却等3种不同冷却方法下的冷却效果。 方法 选用DuraForm尼龙模拟皮质骨骨块,选定2 mm直径的钻头,备孔深度10 mm,模拟数字化种植手术过程。搭建数控平台用于控制种植手机钻孔时的钻入速度,同时在距离模拟骨块的备孔窝洞壁0.5~6.0 mm范围内按0.5 mm为间隔埋入深度为4、6、8、10 mm的细直径热电偶,通过温度测量仪和温度记录软件记录各测量点在备孔过程中的实时温度,并分别比较使用内冷却、常规冷却和喷头冷却3种冷却方法的冷却效果。 结果 在制备10 mm深种植窝时,骨骼的热影响区域分布在距离备孔窝洞(直径2 mm)壁半径6 mm的范围内,其中在深度6 mm处所产生的温度最高。并且在3种冷却方式中,常规冷却的最高温度可达到46.2℃,利用喷头冷却的最高温度达到24.6℃,内冷却的最高温度为12.5℃。 结论 在利用导板备孔中使用内冷却钻头能够起到最佳冷却效果,采用常规钻头冷却效果最不理想;但是在利用喷头冷却进行备孔时,如果辅助在导板上开设冷却孔并和喷头配合使用可获得良好的冷却效果,能显著降低钻孔时骨组织的温度;另外在利用常规钻头进行备孔的过程中,通过多次提拉钻头,也可得到一定的散热条件,获得一定程度的冷却效果。      

钻井井场噪声所致豚鼠内耳毛细胞损伤的观察

本文对油田井扬的特定部位进行声强测定及频谱分析，发现其噪声强度均已超过国家标准。选健康、耳廓反射正常豚鼠３０只，分别置于柴油机旁（８只）、钻井平台上（８只）和值班房（８只），余６只为正常对照组。每天暴露６ｈ，连续２１ｄ。断头后观察透射电镜下耳蜗毛细胞的改变，结果发现：Ｈｅｎｓｅｎ氏小体增生、蜕变及线粒体改变。     

钻孔减压术治疗早期股骨头坏死的疗效分析

目的 :观察分析钻孔减压术治疗股骨头缺血性坏死的疗效。方法 :采用钻孔减压术治疗股骨头缺血性坏死 5 6例 67髋 ,从股骨大转子外、下 2cm向股骨头内不同方向钻 3个直径 3 5mm的孔道 ,根据髋关节功能、术前术后MRI、X光片结果进行综合评价 ,分析其疗效。结果 :术后平均随访 4 3年 (0 5～ 7 0年 ) ,IA、IB、IC的优良率分别为 10. 0 0 %、90. 0 %、63 .6% ,IIA、IIB、IIC的优良率分别为 83 3 %、5 4 5 %、5 0. 0 %。各期别之间的疗效差别有显著性 (P <0 . 0 5 )。结论 :钻孔减压术对股骨头坏死的疗效与股骨头坏死的期别有关 ,股骨头坏死分期越早效果越好。     

石油钻探工人心理健康现状研究

目的:了解石油钻探工人的心理健康状况和存在的主要心理问题,为开展心理干预提供可靠的科学依据。方法:采用心理症状自评量表(SCL-90)对某石油钻探公司的810名在职钻探工人作进行心理健康状况测评,通过统计学方法进行分析。结果:石油钻探工人心理问题检出率为44.6%,其主要心理问题是强迫症状、躯体化和抑郁;除人际关系敏感因子外,SCL-90总均分和因子得分均显著高于全国成人常模(P<0.05);心理健康状况有年龄、工作班类型、倒班制度的特征;工龄是影响心理健康状况最主要的因素,职业因素(劳动类型、工作班类型和倒班制度)对心理健康状况有一定的影响。结论:石油钻探工人的心理健康状况较差,应采取有针对性的心理健康教育措施,以预防或降低心理障碍的发生。     

慢性硬膜下血肿钻孔引流术后复发的影响因素分析

目的: 探讨慢性硬膜下血肿钻孔引流术后复发的影响因素。方法: 选取2015年1月~2021年12月在同济大学附属上海市第十人民医院崇明分院钻孔引流的患者198例,回顾分析其一般情况、既往史、术前术后影像学资料、手术和术后管理以及复发情况。结果: 198例慢性硬膜下血肿钻孔引流患者,36例出现复发,复发率18.18 %。其中术前CT提示血肿有分隔、凝血功能异常、术后残余气体量以及术后是否服用他汀类药物复发组与未复发组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析提示术前CT提示血肿是否分隔、术后残余气体≥55 mL以及术后是否服用他汀类药物是慢性硬膜下血肿钻孔术后复发的影响因素。结论: 术前CT提示血肿是否分隔、术后残余气体≥55 mL以及术后是否服用他汀类药物是慢性硬膜下血肿钻孔术后复发的影响因素。     

高气压并低水温环境下大白兔直肠温度、脑电图和心电图的变化

目的:研究高气压并低水温环境下大白兔直肠温度、脑电图和心电图的变化。方法:在常压低水温、高气压常温和高气压低水温模拟潜水条件下对大白兔直肠温度、脑电图和心电图进行实时监测。结果:常压低水温时直肠温度降低,心率加快,心电图中T波倒置,脑电图无明显变化;高气压常温条件下直肠温度无明显变化,心率减慢,脑电图慢波增多;高气压低水温环境下直肠温度降低,心率减慢,心电图中S-T段抬高,脑电图慢波增多。结论:高气压低水温对脑功能和心功能抑制较其他两种情况严重,机体耐受性明显降低。     

气体温、压补偿基本公式及常用单位换算

在自控工程计算中气体温度、压力补偿及常用单位换算是重要的。     

水基钻井液对诸氏鲻虾虎鱼抗氧化酶的影响

目的 研究我国南海区某海洋钻井水基钻井液对诸氏鲻虾虎鱼抗氧化酶的影响。方法 在19.75～158 mg/L浓度下,对3月龄诸氏鲻虾虎鱼染毒,并用试剂盒法测定超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）的活性。结果 SOD对水基钻井液的毒性暴露不太敏感,在染毒第1天只有最低浓度组受到一定程度的抑制,染毒第2 天各浓度组酶活性均受到一定程度的诱导（12.4%～25.5%）,这种诱导作用在第4天即有所减弱,之后酶活性的变化变缓。CAT则对水基钻井液表现出较强的敏感性。染毒第1 天,各组酶活性均受到明显的诱导,并且各组酶活性表现出明显的浓度效应关系。最高浓度组酶活性最大诱导率达到97%（P >0.05）。随后虾虎鱼CAT酶活性逐渐下降,第7 天,各染毒组酶活性的抑制率达到58.4%～89.1%。结论 CAT在中毒反应中表现出了敏感性,具备了作为生物标志物的重要条件,有望在今后的实际应用中发挥作用。     

师范专业大学生心理卫生状况分析

目的 :了解河南省师范专业大学生心理健康的现状 ,对师范专业与非师范专业高校学生进行了对比研究。方法 :用临床症状自评量表 (SCL -90 )作为心理测量工具 ,得出数据 ,进行对比分析。结果 :河南省师范专业大学生SCL -90因子均分高于青年组常模且差异具有显著意义 ,心理问题发生率为 19 3% ;有多个因子均值高于非师范专业大学生。结论 :师范专业大学生心理健康的整体水平偏低 ,迫切需要加强心理健康教育。