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1.
The lumbar ligaments play an important role in spinal biomechanics.The results ofthree-dimensional finite dement analysis showed that one of the functions of lumbar ligaments istransmission of the tensile load between the lumbar vertebrae.The anterior longitudinal ligament isloaded in extension of lumbar spine and the resistance to the tensile load in flexion is providedby other ligaments.These ligaments are subject to much more tension with degeneration of theintervertebral disc so that a series of pathological changes occur.Relevant significance in clinical as-pect is also discussed.  相似文献   

2.
目的探讨磁共振成像(MRI)分级系统对腰椎棘间韧带退行性病变进行分级的可靠性。方法设计腰椎棘间韧带退行性病变的MRI分级系统,采用正中矢状位T1和T2加权像对100个腰椎棘间韧带退行性病变进行MRI分级,并对该分级系统的可靠性进行评估。结果 100个棘间韧带退行性病变的整体MRI分级:A级为43.0%~51.0%,B级为38.0%~46.0%,C级为3.0%~6.0%,D级为5.0%~9.0%。在所有阅片者中,观察者内一致性极好,kappa值为0.865~0.931;而观察者间一致性较低,kappa值为0.727~0.823。观察者内和观察者间A、B级之间的差异高于B、C级和C、D级之间的差异,观察者内和观察者间A、C级之间的分歧比例高于B、D级之间的分歧比例。结论该棘间韧带退行性病变MRI分级系统简单、可靠,重复性尚可。  相似文献   

3.
退行性腰椎疾病棘间韧带MRI表现及其病理学意义   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
王毅  龚水根  张伟国  陈金华  谭勇 《医学争鸣》2004,25(11):1025-1028
目的:探讨退行性腰椎疾病棘间韧带MRI表现及其病理学意义.方法: 对30例健康志愿者(对照组)和30例退行性腰椎疾病患者(实验组)进行腰椎功能性X线摄影和MRI检查.根据MRI信号强度将L1-S1棘间韧带的MRI特征分为5种类型:1A,1B,2,3和4型,并选择10例棘间韧带标本进行组织学检查.结果: 对照组94%棘间韧带为1A型;实验组棘间韧带表现为:1A型60个,1B型31个,2型18个,3型16个和4型25个.1B型患者的平均年龄和椎间盘退变程度显著高于其他类型,腰椎不稳与2型存在相关,而很少发生于1A和1B型.组织学检查结果表明1B型主要为纤维束骨化和坏死,2型为炎性细胞弥漫增生,3型为脂肪变性.结论: 腰椎MRI有助于判定正常和不同类型的棘间韧带病变.  相似文献   

4.
目的探讨脊柱后柱复合体(棘上韧带、棘间韧带及棘突复合结构)对全椎板切除后脊柱稳定性的影响。方法观察27例无脊柱不稳的腰椎管狭窄患者行保留后柱复合体结构的全椎板切除减压术后脊柱稳定性情况,均随访3~10年。以White等标准对术后脊柱稳定性进行评价。结果本组27例患者均成功手术,随访期间均无脊柱不稳的表现。结论保留后柱复合体(棘上韧带,棘间韧带,棘突)结构完整的全椎板切除减压术对腰椎的稳定性不会产生影响  相似文献   

5.
人腰椎交感神经解剖学研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
Chen JD  Hou SX  Peng BG  Shi YM  Wu WW  Li L 《中华医学杂志》2007,87(9):602-605
目的对人腰椎交感神经进行解剖学研究。方法采用福尔马林固定尸体6具,去除腹主动脉、下腔静脉及周围脂肪组织,在解剖显微镜下观察腰交感干、交通支和窦椎神经走行及分布。结果按交感神经交通支与腰大肌的关系,将交感神经交通支分为浅斜支和深横支。浅斜支位于腰大肌和椎体侧方之间,呈非节段性分布;深横支横行位于腰椎椎体侧方,伴随于腰节段动、静脉,呈节段性分布。椎体和椎间盘前侧由交感干分支和内脏神经支配。椎体外侧和后外侧由交感干分支、深交通支及脊神经分支共同支配,在上腰部还接受交感神经浅斜支的非节段性支配。椎体和椎间盘后部及后纵韧带接受由深横支发出的窦椎神经支配。结论腰椎存在两种支配形式:由脊神经发出的节段性支配和通过交感神经系统分布的非节段性支配。腰交感神经系统参与腰椎及椎间盘的神经支配,可能与椎间盘源性腰痛的痛觉传递过程有关。  相似文献   

6.
目的:探讨腰神经后支与骨纤维管解剖结构,为临床准确诊断腰腿痛等疾病及合理实施治疗方案提供解剖学资料。方法:将纳入标准的15具尸体解剖并观察腰神经后支的走行、分支、分布及与其周围有关的解剖结构,用游标卡尺测量腰神经后支骨纤维管的长度、出口的纵径和横径。结果:腰神经后支主干长(6.03±1.23)mm,直径(1.18±0.09)mm,腰神经后内侧支、后外侧支起始处的直径分别为(0.83±0.21)mm、(0.46±0.57)mm;腰神经后支骨纤维管为腰神经后支骨纤维孔的延续,走行向后,上壁前缘为横突间韧带的镰状缘、后外侧部有上关节突副突间韧带覆盖,下壁为下位椎骨横突的上缘,内侧壁为下位椎骨上关节突的外缘与横突根部之间的骨面,外侧壁为横突间韧带的内侧缘;腰神经后支骨纤维管平均长度为(5.72±0.94)mm,腰神经后支骨纤维管出口分为近圆型、近椭圆型、裂隙型3型。结论:腰神经后支骨纤维管为狭窄、坚固管道,对穿过其中的腰神经后支起到保护作用;腰神经后支走行、分支均经过骨纤维管,任何一处病变均会导致腰神经后支发生卡压;腰神经后支及其骨纤维管与后正中线的距离、与体表的深度为临床经皮行微创脊椎内固定术、针刀松解腰神经后支骨纤维管、缓解腰神经后支卡压张力、选择性定点封闭穿刺术等操作提供依据。  相似文献   

7.
微创入路经椎间孔椎间融合治疗单纯腰椎椎间孔狭窄症   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
行勇刚  田伟  李勤  袁强  孙宇庆  袁宁  肖斌 《中华医学杂志》2009,89(33):2342-2345
示内固定位置良好,JOA平均改善率为31.1% .结论 使用微创人路经椎间孔腰椎间融合足治疗单纯椎间孔狭窄有效的方法,近期临床效果满意,且避免了手术对腰椎椎旁肌、后方韧带结构、硬膜和健侧神经根的副损伤.  相似文献   

8.
目的:研究单节段脊柱后部结构对腰椎三维运动稳定性的影响。方法:选用6具成人新鲜尸体脊柱标本(L1~S1),采用单节段逐步切除腰椎后部结构的方法,形成7种状态,从单侧开窗至全椎板及双侧小关节切除等,通过脊柱三维运动试验机施加10N.m的载荷,使脊柱产生前屈/后伸,左/右侧屈和左/右轴向旋转运动。结果:切除脊柱的后部结构后,在脊柱的三维稳定性中,前屈及轴向旋转运动的稳定性最易受到破坏,当全椎板及双侧小关节部分切除时,腰椎的稳定性受到显著影响。结论:除小关节骨性结构及关节囊外,椎板、黄韧带,棘突、棘上及棘间韧带等后部结构对维持腰椎的稳定性具有重要作用,特别是对前屈及轴向旋转运动,全椎板切除会削弱脊柱对载荷的抵抗能力,明显增加术后不稳的风险。  相似文献   

9.
Objective: To investigate epidural fat distribution patterns in patients with lumbar intervertebral disc protrusion. Methods: Medical records were selected randomly from 30 patients whose diagnoses were consistent with the inclusion criteria of the study. Thickness of bilateral fat, the longest length of posterior fat, thickness of bilateral yellow ligament and the hernial distance of lumbar discs were measured by MRI at L3/L4, L4/L5 and L5/S 1 levels. According to clinical symptoms of lumbar intervertebral disc protrusion, the patients were divided into two groups at all space levels. All data were analyzed by statistical software. Results: The longest length of posterior epidural fat at the symptomatic levels was shorter than that at the non-symptomatic levels in each disc space. The symptomatic levels had no effect on the whole thickness of the lateral fat and lateral yellow ligaments. Conclusion: Epidural fat distribution in patients with lumbar intcrvertebral disc protrusion is different from that in normal adults. It is affected by the hernial distance of lumbar discs. The diagnostic criteria for spinal epidural lipomatosis in normal adults may therefore prove to be inappropriate for patients with lumbar intervertebral disc protrusion.  相似文献   

10.

Background:

Unstable pelvic fractures are complex and serious injuries. Selection of a fixation method for these fractures remains a challenging problem for orthopedic surgeons. This study aimed to compare the stability of Tile C pelvic fractures fixed with two iliosacral (IS) screws and minimally invasive adjustable plate (MIAP) combined with one IS screw.

Methods:

This study was a biomechanical experiment. Six embalmed specimens of the adult pelvis were used. The soft tissue was removed from the specimens, and the spines from the fourth lumbar vertebra to the proximal one-third of both femurs were retained. The pubic symphysis, bilateral sacroiliac joints and ligaments, bilateral hip joints, bilateral sacrotuberous ligaments, and bilateral sacrospinous ligaments were intact. Tile C pelvic fractures were made on the specimens. The symphysis pubis was fixed with a plate, and the fracture on the posterior pelvic ring was fixed with two kinds of internal fixation in turn. The specimens were placed in a biomechanical machine at a standing neutral posture. A cyclic vertical load of up to 500 N was applied, and displacement was recorded. Shifts in the fracture gap were measured by a grating displacement sensor. Statistical analysis used: Paired-samples t-test.

Results:

Under the vertical load of 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 N, the average displacement of the specimens fixed with MIAP combined with one IS screw was 0.46, 0.735, 1.377, 1.823, and 2.215 mm, respectively, which was significantly lower than that of specimens fixed with two IS screws under corresponding load (P < 0.05). Under the vertical load of 500 N, the shift in the fracture gap of specimens fixed with MIAP combined with one IS screw was 0.261 ± 0.095 mm, and that of specimens fixed with two IS screws was 0.809 ± 0.170 mm. The difference was significant (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

The stability of Tile C pelvic fractures fixed with MIAP combined with one IS screw was better than that fixed with two IS screws.  相似文献   

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