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1.
对气相含氟单体四氟乙烯 ( TFE) /偏氟乙烯 ( VDF) /全氟甲基乙烯基醚 ( PMVE)的乳液共聚反应动力学进行了研究。实验结果表明 ,搅拌速率对共聚反应速率有较大影响 ,搅拌速率在550 r/ min~ 850 r/ min范围内反应速率随搅拌速率增加而增大 ;当搅拌速率大于 850 r/ min时 ,反应速率随搅拌速率的变化趋缓。实验测得 60°C下该三元乳液共聚合反应速率对初始乳化剂浓度、初始引发剂浓度和反应总压力分别呈 0 .0 58级、0 .40 6级和 1 .540级反应 ,由此推导得乳液共聚合的反应速率表达式为 rp=k S0 .0 58I0 .4 0 6p1.54 0 ,其中速率常数 k为 5.78× 1 0 -3 g-0 .4 64 · dm1.3 92 ·( MPa) -0 .54 0·min-1。由上述动力学方程式计算得到的补加单体乳液共聚合反应速率与实验结果一致  相似文献   

2.
上海地区中国人餐后血糖状态的特征   总被引:9,自引:2,他引:7  
Zhou J  Jia WP  Yu M  Ma XJ  Bao YQ  Lu W 《中华医学杂志》2006,86(14):970-975
目的探讨正常糖调节(NGR)及2型糖尿病(T2DM)个体餐后血糖状态的特征以及T2DM患者餐前、餐后血糖与糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)的关系。方法采用动态血糖监测系统对上海地区41例NGR及60例新诊断T2DM个体进行连续3d的血糖监测,分析比较餐后血糖峰值与达峰时间,以及餐后血糖漂移的幅度(PPGE)、时间和曲线下面积增值(IAUC)。结果(1)三餐后血糖峰值、达峰时间及PPGE在T2DM组(早餐16·45mmol/L±0·43mmol/L、93·1min±4·7min、6·84mmol/L±0·28mmol/L,中餐14·75mmol/L±0·50mmol/L、107·4min±6·5min、4·93mmol/L±0·31mmol/L,晚餐14·91mmol/L±0·45mmol/L、109·3min±4·9min、5·84mmol/L±0·28mmol/L)显著高于NGR组(早餐6·90mmol/L±0·21mmol/L、40·8min±2·9min、2·02±0·17mmol/L,中餐6·74mmol/L±0·16mmol/L、43·7min±3·1min、2·03±0·12mmol/L,晚餐6·94mmol/L±0·19mmol/L、53·5min±3·8min、2·25mmol/L±0·18mmol/L,均P<0·01)。日内餐后血糖漂移时间及IAUC在T2DM组(14·1h±0·3h,2·04mmol·L-1·d±0·09mmol·L-1·d)亦显著高于NGR组(8·3h±0·4h,0·43mmol·L-1·d±0·03mmol·L-1·d,均P<0·01)。(2)T2DM组早餐后血糖较快达到尖峰(P<0·05),且峰值显著高于中、晚餐(P<0·01),PPGE从高到低的顺序分别为早、晚及中餐(P<0·05),晚餐的IAUC显著高于早、中餐(P<0·01)。(3)HbA1c与IAUC的相关性(r=0·29,P=0·03)在调整餐前血糖的因素后消失(P=0·05);PPGE与IAUC呈显著正相关(r=0·93,P<0·01)。(4)T2DM组餐后血糖对总体日内血糖的贡献百分比显著高于NGR组(18·1%±0·8%比8·0%±0·7%,P<0·01),但均显著低于其餐前血糖(P<0·01)。(5)当HbA1c<7·5%时,餐后血糖升高部分对总体日内高血糖的贡献大于餐前血糖(P<0·05),当HbA1c≥7·5%时,餐前高血糖的相对作用逐渐增加并占主要作用(P<0·01)。结论(1)T2DM患者表现为餐后血糖的过度漂移并持续较长时间,同时伴有血糖尖峰的延迟,其餐后急性高血糖状态以早餐最明显。(2)HbA1c不能反映餐后血糖的漂移变化,PPGE可作为估测餐后血糖漂移程度的简易临床参数。(3)在轻、中度高血糖的患者中,餐后高血糖起主要作用,提示血糖控制越接近达标,餐后血糖的控制越重要。  相似文献   

3.
针对湿法同时脱硫脱硝工艺 ,提出通过构造一个液相反应过程 ,将 NOx 和 SO2 溶解在溶液中生成的 NO2 -2 和 SO2 -3 经过一系列连续的液相离子反应生成有利用价值的 NH+4 ,实现资源的合理利用。在 35°C~ 74°C,离子强度为 0 .5 5 mol/L时对羟胺二磺酸钾磺化反应动力学进行了研究 ,得出反应的动力学方程为 :- dcHIDSdt =kc HON( SO3) 2 -2 · c HSO-3,其中 k=5 .5 0 9× 1 0 8· e-6.154× 10 4 / RT;在5 0°C、离子强度为 0 .31 mol/L~ 0 .65 mol/L时 ,研究了该反应的盐效应 ,结果表明该反应呈负盐效应 ,离子强度为零时 ,有最大的速率常数 k0 =0 .0 2 4 7L /( mol· min)  相似文献   

4.
针对湿法同时脱硫脱硝工艺 ,提出通过构造一个液相反应过程 ,将 NOx 和 SO2 溶解在溶液中生成的 NO2 -2 和 SO2 -3 经过一系列连续的液相离子反应生成有利用价值的 NH+4 ,实现资源的合理利用。在 35°C~ 74°C,离子强度为 0 .5 5 mol/L时对羟胺二磺酸钾磺化反应动力学进行了研究 ,得出反应的动力学方程为 :- dcHIDSdt =kc HON( SO3) 2 -2 · c HSO-3,其中 k=5 .5 0 9× 1 0 8· e-6.154× 10 4 / RT;在5 0°C、离子强度为 0 .31 mol/L~ 0 .65 mol/L时 ,研究了该反应的盐效应 ,结果表明该反应呈负盐效应 ,离子强度为零时 ,有最大的速率常数 k0 =0 .0 2 4 7L /( mol· min)  相似文献   

5.
《中国全科医学》2007,10(11):937-937
干预项目干预目标生活方式戒烟血压收尿蛋缩白压/>舒1张g/压241·0mmol/L(40mg/dl)女性>1·2mmol/L(46mg/dl)三酰甘油*<1·7mmol/L(150mg/dl)TC/HDL-C*<3注:*建议用于代谢及危险评估,不用于治疗指导(摘…  相似文献   

6.
Objective To examine the effect of different concentrations of aristolochic acid I (AAI) in inducing apoptosis of cultured porcine renal cell line LLC-PK1 and to investigate the relationship between intracellular free calcium concentration ([Ca(++) ]i) and LLC-PK1 apoptosis induced by AAI and the influence of a calcium antagonist, lacidipine on apoptosis and [Ca(++) ]i. Methods LLC-PK1 cells were treated in different groups: a.the normal group without treatment; b.the group with AAI alone (0.01 g·L(-1) , 0.02 g·L(-1) , 0.04 g·L(-1) , 0.08 g·L(-1) ); c.the group with lacidipine alone (10 ng·L(-1) , 10(2) ng·L(-1) ,) 10[3 ng·L(-1) ]; d.the group with AAI (0.04 g·L(-1) ) plus lacidipine (10 ng·L(-1) , 10(2) ng·L(-1) , 10(3) ng·L(-1) ).Light microscopy, agarose gel electrophoresis, Annexin-V-Flous apoptosis detection kit and flow cytometry using propidium iodide staining to identify or quantify the apoptosis of LLC-PK1 cells.Mean [Ca++]i was measured by laser confocus microscopy using Fluo-3/AM staining. Results A series of morphologic changes that were characteristic of apoptosis, Annexin-V-Flous staining positive apoptotic cells and 'DNA ladder' were identified in AAI (0.02 g·L(-1) -0.08 g·L(-1) ) treated LLC-PK1 cells.Quantitative analysis of apoptotic cells showed that the percentage of apoptotic cells in AAI (0.02 g·L(-1) , 0.04 g·L(-1) or 0.08 g·L[-1]) group was significantly higher than that in normal group (5.3%, 48.5%, 78.7% vs 2.6%, P&lt;0.001).Mean [Ca++]i was significantly higher in cells treated with AAI (0.04 g·L(-1) ) than that in normal cells (58.01±18.89 vs 22.66±4.78, P&lt;0.001).In group treated with AAI plus lacidipine (102 ng·L(-1) , 103 ng·L(-1) ), mean [Ca++]i was significantly lower than that treated with AAI alone (35.47±12.85, 28.55±10.16 vs 58.01±18.89, P&lt;0.001).And the percentage of apoptotic cells in group treated with AAI plus lacidipine ](10(2) ng·L(-1) , 10(3) ng·L(-1) ) was also significantly lower than that treated with AAI alone (19.0%, 27.8% vs 34.7%,P&lt;0.001). Conclusions High concentrations of AAI may induce apoptosis of LLC-PK1 cells.The mean [Ca++]i in AAI-treated LLC-PK1 cells was increased significantly, sugguesting that the increase of [Ca++]i may be related to apoptosis in LLC-PK1 cells.Lacidipine may decrease the raised mean [Ca++]i levels caused by AAI and the percentage of apoptotic cells, and lacidipine may ameliorate AAI-induced apoptotic damage by inhibiting the increase of [Ca++]i in LLC- PK1 cells.  相似文献   

7.
朱鸿武  江丹 《广东医学》2006,27(9):1311-1311
患者,男,39岁,因急性上腹部疼痛10 h于2006年1月20日凌晨1:00入院。体查:急性病容,皮肤、巩膜无黄染,腹肌稍紧张,上腹部有压痛、反跳痛,肠鸣音弱。辅助检查:血淀粉酶421 U/L(参考值:0~110),尿淀粉酶>1 300 U/L,白细胞11·93×109/L,中性75·14%,急查凝血4项:凝血酶原时间0 s(11~15 s),凝血酶时间0 s(0~21 s),部分凝血活酶时间0 s(24~33 s),纤维蛋白原5·55 g/L(2~4 g/L),甘油三酯2·31 mmol/L(0·44~1·65 mmol/L),总胆固醇12·45 mmol/L(3·1~5·7 mmol/L),血糖15·8 mmol/L。血钙2·12 mmol/L(2·25~2·75 mmol/L)。动脉血气提示失…  相似文献   

8.
周云 《西部医学》2017,29(3):339-342
【摘要】 目的 研究瑞舒伐他汀在冠心病合并高脂血症治疗中的应用及对血清hs CRP、MFG E8及Klotho水平的影响。方法 选取2015年7月~2016年6月本院收治的170例冠心病合并高脂血症患者,根据入院顺序分为试验组和对照组,每组85例。对照组采用常规治疗,观察组在此基础上服用瑞舒伐他汀。分析两组患者治疗前后血脂水平、血清超敏C反应蛋白(hs CRP)、乳脂肪球表皮生长因子8(MFG E8)和Klotho基因水平,比较两组患者的临床疗效。结果 观察组总的临床有效率显著高于对照组[9059%(77/85例)vs 7765%(66/85例),P<005]。观察组的低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL C)、三酰甘油(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)水平显著低于对照组[(281±025)、(131±053)、(432±035)mmol/L vs(486±087)、(221±061)、(515±065) mmol/L,P<005],高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL C)水平显著高于对照组[(158±025) mmol/L vs(124±018) mmol/L,P<005]。观察组的hs CRP水平显著低于对照组[(275±041)mg/ml vs(324±056) mg/ml,P<005],MFG E8、Klotho水平显著高于对照组[(50421±1315) 、(4124±543) pg/ml vs(26721±834)、(3267±387) pg/ml(P<005)]。结论 冠心病合并高脂血症患者应用瑞舒伐他汀进行治疗,可有效调节hs CRP、MFG E8及Klotho水平,临床疗效良好。  相似文献   

9.
目的〓〖HTK〗研究Ca2+在罗哌卡因(ropivacaine)所致血管收缩反应中的调节作用。〖HTW〗方法〓〖HTK〗用等张肌力测定仪和Ca2+ 荧光分光光度计分别测定Wistar大鼠去内膜主动脉血管环和血管段对累积剂量罗哌卡因的收缩反应和细胞内Ca2+浓度([Ca2+]i)的变化;并观察Ca2+通道阻滞剂尼卡地平(nicardipine)、肌质网三磷酸肌醇受体阻滞剂2-APB和细胞外液低浓度Ca2+对累积剂量罗哌卡因诱发的收缩反应和[Ca2+]i的影响。〖HTW〗结果〓〖HTK〗罗哌卡因诱发剂量关联性双相收缩反应:低浓度(0.03~0.3mmol/L)时肌张力逐渐增强,高浓度(1~3 mmol/L)时收缩张力依次回落。罗哌卡因所产生的这一收缩效应可分别被尼卡地平(1, 5, 10nmol/L)、2-APB (5, 10, 50μmol/L)和营养液中低浓度Ca2+(2, 1和0mmol/L)相关性抑制。罗哌卡因诱发与肌张力变化规律相同的双相[Ca2+]i升高;尼卡地平(10nmol/L)和2-APB(50μmol/L)预处理及营养液中去除Ca2+,明显降低罗哌卡因所诱发的[Ca2+]i的升高幅度。〖HTW〗结论〓〖HTK〗细胞外Ca2+内流和肌质网Ca2+释放所致的[Ca2+]i升高参与了罗哌卡因诱发的血管平滑肌收缩反应。  相似文献   

10.
本文提出一个热分析反应动力学的验证方程式。用热重法(TG)结合微商热重法(DTG)与等温实验,从判断固相反应机理入手,研究了常压下碳酸氢钠热分解反应的动力学与机理。实验表明,其反应属于Avrami-Erofeev的核生成与核成长为控制步骤的A_(1.5)机理。动力学方程式为:da/dt=7.57×10~8×e~(-86.6×10~3)J/(RT){3/2(1-a)[-ln(1-a)]~(1/3)}。表观活化能E为86.6kJ·mol~(-1),频率因子A为7.57×10~8s~(-1),两者补偿关系为:lnA=0.287E-4.44。  相似文献   

11.
Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P< 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P< 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.  相似文献   

12.
Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.  相似文献   

13.
Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.  相似文献   

14.
A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care(~'4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.  相似文献   

15.
Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.  相似文献   

16.
Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P < 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (>0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P <0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P < 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.  相似文献   

17.
Objective: To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods: SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer's was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava (IVC) inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results: Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion: This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.  相似文献   

18.
Journal of Nanjing Medical University (English Edition) JNMU, sponsored by Nanjing Medical University, was established in 1987. It is a bimonthly comprehensive English medical journal published locally and abroad.Since 2007, Journal of Nanjing Medical University (English Edition )was granted Elsevier the full publishing and distribution rights worldwide for the Electronic Edition, excluding the People's Republic of China.  相似文献   

19.
Objective To measure Derpl and Blot5 allergen levels in asthmatics' homes in Hongkong.Methods Seventy houses were enrolled for a mite indoor environment study. Dust samples were obtained from two sites of each patients' house: bed and floor. Derpl and Blot5 levels were quantified by a two-site monoclonal antibody-based ELISA technique.Results The levels of Derpl allergens found in bed (geometric mean (GM) 3.43 μg/g of dust; 95%CI, 1.89-4.96 μg/g)and on the floor (GM 1.12 μg/g of dust; 95%CI, 0.71-1.53 μg/g) indicated significant differences (P=0.005). However, the levels of Blot5 allergens found in bed (GM 19.00 μg/g of dust; 95%CI, 0.89-38.90 μg/g) and on the floor (GM 6.14 μg/g of dust; 95%CI, 0.40-11.90 μg/g) showed no statistically significant difference. In addition, in regards to the exposure index for Derpl and Blot5 allergens found in bed and on the floor, 17.6% in bed and 8.6% on the floor had levels of Blot5 ≥ 10 μg/g of dust, higher than those obtained for Derp1 (7.2% and 0% in bed and on the floor respectively, P< 0.05); higher percentages in bed and on the floor (25.0% and 35.7%) were observed for levels of Blot5 =0 μg/g of dust as compared with Derpl in bed and on the floor (4.3% and 14.5% respectively, P< 0.05).Conclusions Derpl and Blot5 are the major allergens found in this regional study, Blot5 is a more potent allergen in Hongkong, probably reflecting the high level of exposure to Blomia tropicalis (Bt). Bt and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dp) allergens should be included for precise diagnosis and effective immuno-therapeutic treatment of mite allergy in Hongkong.  相似文献   

20.
ANTI-PROLIFERATION EFFECT OF ORIDONIN ON HL-60 CELLS AND ITS MECHANISM   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
Objcetive To investigate the anti-proliferation effect of oridonin on leukemic HL-60 cells and its mechanism. Methods HL-60 cells in vitro in culture medium were given different concentrations of oridonin. The inhibitory rate of cells were measured by microculture tetrazolium (MTT) assay, cell apoptotic rate was detected by flow cytometry (FCM), morphology of cell apoptosis was observed by hoechst 33258 fluorescence staining, and the activity of telomerase was detected using telomere repeat amplification protocol (TRAP) PCR-ELISA before and after apoptosis occurred. Results Oridonin could decrease telomerase activity, inhibit growth of HL-60 cells, and cause apoptosis significantly. The suppression was both in time- and dose-dependent manner. Marked morphological changes of cell apoptosis including condensation of chromatin and nuclear fragmentation were observed clearly by hoechst 33258 fluorescence staining especially after cells were treated 48-60 hours by oridonin. Conclusions Oridonin has apparent anti-proliferation and apoptotic effects on HL-60 cells in vitro, decreasing telomerase activity of HL-60 cells may be one of its most important mechanisms. These results will provide strong laboratory evidence of oridonin for clinical treatment of acute leukemia.  相似文献   

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