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1.
目的 研究注射用盐酸头孢他美对大鼠肝微粒体细胞色素P450(CYP450)酶系CYP1A2、CYP3A4和CYP2E1活性的影响。方法 将SD大鼠分成盐酸头孢他美给药组和生理盐水空白组,每组6只,雌雄各半,给药组尾静脉注射盐酸头孢他美50 mg/(kg·d),连续给药7 d,每天2次。HPLC法同时测定CYP450的3种同工酶特异性探针底物在SD大鼠肝微粒体内代谢产物生成量和原型探针底物降解量,判断酶亚型活性变化。分析柱Diamonsil C18 (150 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm),流速1.0 mL/min。CYP1A2代谢样品测定条件为甲醇(0.1%甲酸)(A)-水(0.1%甲酸)(B),0~5 min: 18%A,5~10 min: 18%~60%A,10~15 min: 60%A,检测波长为247 nm;CYP3A4代谢样品测定条件为甲醇(A)-水(0.02%甲酸)(B),0~11 min: 40%~60%A,检测波长为223 nm;CYP2E1代谢样品测定条件为甲醇(A)-水(B),0~10 min: 37%~75%A,检测波长为287 nm。结果 探针底物及其代谢产物在测定浓度范围内线性关系良好(r≥0.999 7),精密度RSD<6%(n=5),提取回收率83.2%~97.5%。SD大鼠连续注射给予盐酸头孢他美后,CYP3A4的活性与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),可能存在诱导作用;CYP1A2和CYP2E1的活性与对照组比较差异无统计学意义 (P>0.05)。结论 静注给予盐酸头孢他美能诱导SD大鼠肝微粒体CYP3A4,对CYP1A2和CYP2E1没有诱导或抑制作用。提示经CYP3A4 代谢的药物在临床上与注射用盐酸头孢他美合用时,可能存在潜在药物-药物相互作用。  相似文献   

2.
[目的] 考察壮骨关节丸对大鼠肝微粒体细胞色素P450的影响。[方法] 壮骨关节丸及其两个新工艺按含生药2.1 g/kg连续给大鼠灌胃7 d,末次药后24 h断头处死大鼠并取肝脏,用钙沉降法制备肝微粒体。在体外用含氨苯砜、非那西丁、奥美拉唑、氯唑沙宗的cocktail探针代谢来考察肝微粒体CYP3A、CYP1A2、CYP2C19、 CYP2E1的活性。[结果] cocktail探针在体外肝微粒体系统中代谢1 h后,包括壮骨关节丸及其两个新工艺的给药组剩余氯唑沙宗浓度显著高于对照组,而奥美拉唑、非那西丁、氨苯砜浓度与对照组之间差异无统计学意义。[结论] 壮骨关节丸可以抑制大鼠肝脏CYP2E1活性,但对CYP1A2、CYP3A及CYP2C19无显著影响。  相似文献   

3.
目的研究丹参酮ⅡA在大鼠肝微粒体酶中的代谢,以及选择性细胞色素P450(CYP)酶抑制剂对其代谢的影响。方法超速离心法制备大鼠肝微粒体,采用高效液相-质谱联用方法测定孵育液中丹参酮ⅡA原形药物的浓度。研究丹参酮ⅡA的酶促动力学,推导出药物米氏常数(Km)和最大反应速度(Vmax);并计算体外酶对药物的清除率(CLint)。同时观察不同浓度和不同种类的CYP酶特异性抑制剂对丹参酮ⅡA代谢的影响。结果丹参酮ⅡA在大鼠肝微粒体酶中的Vmax为(1.20±0.18)nmol/(min·mg);Km为(4.35±0.67)nmol/mL;CLint为(0.28±0.06)mL/(min·mg)。噻氯匹啶和酮康唑能够显著抑制丹参酮ⅡA的代谢,奎尼丁对丹参酮ⅡA的代谢也有一定的抑制作用,而其他CYP酶抑制剂对丹参酮ⅡA的代谢无明显影响。结论CYP2C19和CYP3A1主要参与了丹参酮ⅡA的代谢,CYP2D6也起到了部分代谢作用;这些CYP酶的抑制剂可能使丹参酮ⅡA的代谢受到抑制,造成药物药效或毒性的增加。  相似文献   

4.
目的观察粗叶悬钩子粗多糖对模型大鼠急性肝损伤药物代谢酶的影响。方法用四氯化碳(CCl4)腹腔注射法造模。观察粗叶悬钩子粗多糖对大鼠血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)和大鼠肝组织CYP450、CYP2E1、CYP3A1酶含量与活性变化。结果与CCl4模型组相比。粗叶悬钩子粗多糖治疗各组均不同程度地降低了CCl4所致大鼠ALT、AST的升高:不同程度地增高了肝药物代谢CYP450含量及活性。降低了CYP2E1含量及活性.对CYP3A1含量及活性的影响无统计学意义。结论粗叶悬钩子粗多糖通过改变肝药物代谢酶保护CCl4所致的大鼠急性肝损伤。  相似文献   

5.
[目的]研究冰片对大鼠肝脏细胞色素氧化酶(cytochromeP450,CYP450)含量及其亚型CYP3A1m RNA表达的影响。[方法]istar大鼠合成冰片(设0.3gk/g和0.03gk/g剂量组,1次d/,连续7d)灌胃,以溶媒羧甲基纤维素纳(CM C-Na)和苯巴比妥钠为对照组,钙沉积法提取肝微粒体,紫外分光光度法测定CYP450含量,实时定量RT-PCR法检测肝脏CYP3A1m RNA的表达。[结果]0.3gk/g合成冰片口服可诱导大鼠肝脏CYP450酶含量增高(P<0.05),CYP3A1m RNA表达上调(P<0.05)。[结论]高剂量合成冰片口服可能影响肝脏药物代谢。  相似文献   

6.
目的研究白藜芦醇在大鼠肝微粒体中的代谢特征和参与代谢的细胞色素P450(CYP)亚型。方法将白藜芦醇与地塞米松(DEX)、苯巴比妥(PB)诱导的大鼠肝微粒体进行体外共孵育,并且用不同浓度的CYP3A1特异性抑制剂酮康唑(Ket)在空白肝微粒体中共孵育,采用反相高效液相色谱(RP-HPLC)方法测定孵育后白藜芦醇的浓度。观察Ket对白藜芦醇代谢的影响及参与其代谢的CYP酶。结果白藜芦醇在DEX、PB诱导组的代谢明显加快(P<0.01),Ket能够显著抑制白藜芦醇代谢,并呈剂量依赖性。结论白藜芦醇具有酶促动力学代谢特性,CYP3A主要参与白藜芦醇的代谢,CYP2B可能参与其部分代谢。  相似文献   

7.
环孢素A及其联合用药对人和大鼠肝CYP3A活性的影响   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
目的:探讨环孢素A(CsA)及其与甲基强的松龙(MP)、氟康唑(Flu)合用时对大鼠和我国正常成人肝脏CYP3A活性的影响。方法:制备大鼠和人肝微粒体,用不同浓度的CsA作用、加或不加MP、Flu,以红霉素为底物,经过NADPH系统孵育后,利用分光光度法测定人和大鼠肝微粒体的红霉素N-脱甲基酶(ERD)活性。结果:CsA单独作用时,在人肝微粒体中,CsA40、20、40μmol/L剂量组与对照组相比具有显著性差异;在大鼠肝微粒体中,CsA除低剂量组外,各组与对照组相比亦具有显著性差异,总体上,随着CsA浓度增加,CYP3A活性下降。此外,在大鼠肝微粒体中,MP、Flu与CsA联合作用较CsA单独作用相比,CYP3A的活性有显著性降低;但在人肝微粒体中,只在Flu与CsA联合作用时,CYP3A的活性有显著性降低。结论:CsA是CYP3A的一种活性抑制剂;Flu与CsA合用时加强了CsA对CYP3A活性的抑制作用。  相似文献   

8.
目的:考察延胡索乙素(tetrahydropalmatine,THP)对映体对小鼠肝脏主要CYP450酶的体外抑制及体内诱导作用,从而预测其在临床上可能发生的代谢性药物相互作用,为临床合理用药提供科学依据。方法:以探针底物法,考察左旋延胡索乙素[(-)-tetrahydropalmatine,(-)-THP]和右旋延胡索乙素[(+)-tetrahydropalmatine,(+)-THP]体外对小鼠肝微粒体主要Ⅰ相代谢酶CYP1A2、CYP2C、CYP2D22、CYP2E1、CYP3A11活性的影响;采用微粒体体外孵育鸡尾酒法(cocktail法),考察小鼠经高、低剂量(-)-THP和(+)-THP(240 mg/kg和60 mg/kg)连续灌胃7 d后,其肝微粒体中主要I相代谢酶活性的变化,以评价(-)-THP和(+)-THP对小鼠肝微粒体主要CYP450酶是否具诱导作用。结果:(-)-THP和(+)-THP体外对小鼠肝微粒体主要的CYP 450 I相代谢酶的抑制作用均不强,(+)-THP对CYP2C抑制的IC50为43.89μmol/L,两者对本研究考察的其它CYP亚型的IC50均大于100μmol/L;...  相似文献   

9.
目的 观察1.8%阿维菌素(AVM)乳油对小鼠肝微粒体细胞色素P450 (CYP450)酶系与谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(GST)的影响,初步探讨1.8%AVM在肝脏的可能的代谢过程和毒性机理.方法 40只清洁级昆明种小鼠(雌雄各半)灌胃给予1.8%AVM乳油(70、35、17.5 mg/kg),连续7d,以0.9%氯化钠溶液作对照.末次给药后处死小鼠,采用差速离心法制备大鼠肝微粒体,Brandford法测定微粒体蛋白浓度,CO还原差示光谱法检测肝微粒体CYP450含量,差示光谱法则定肝微粒体b5 (Cyt-b5)含量,紫外分光光度法则定肝微粒红霉素N-脱甲基酶活性(ERD)和氨基比林-N-脱甲基酶(ADM)和GST的活性.结果 各1.8%AVM乳油染毒剂量组ERD、ADM活性均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);各剂量组小鼠肝脏指数、CYP450与b5的含量及GST的活性与对照组比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),且不同剂量组间差异亦无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 1.8%AVM乳油可抑制小鼠肝微粒体ERD(主要反映CYP3A活性)和ADM(主要反映CYP2E1)的活力,而对CYP450和b5含量及GST活性影响小,未观察到1.8%AVM乳油对小鼠肝微粒体重要的Ⅰ相酶CYP450和Ⅱ相酶GST的诱导或抑制作用.  相似文献   

10.
目的 观察异甘草酸镁对CCl4致急性肝损伤大鼠肝组织CYP1A2、CYP2E1蛋白及其mRNA表达的影响,从代谢酶方面探讨异甘草酸镁保肝作用的机制。方法 将大鼠分为正常对照组、模型组和给药组,每组6只。尾静脉注射给药,给药组给予20 mg/kg异甘草酸镁,正常组及模型组给予同容积生理盐水,连续14 d。模型组及给药组于给药第13天20:00点灌胃25% CCl4,剂量为1.6 mL/kg,制备大鼠急性肝损伤模型。各组大鼠于末次给药2 h后,从髂动脉放血处死,取肝组织进行苏木精-伊红染色,观察肝组织病理形态变化;采用RT-PCR及Western-blot检测各组大鼠肝组织中CYP1A2、CYP2E1 蛋白及mRNA表达水平。结果 肝组织病理学检查显示异甘草酸镁能改善肝组织损伤;模型组CYP1A2和CYP2E1蛋白及mRNA表达水平显著高于正常对照组(P<0.05),给药组CYP1A2和CYP2E1蛋白及mRNA表达水平较模型组显著降低(P<0.05)。结论 异甘草酸镁能够治疗肝损伤,其减毒机制可能与抑制CYP1A2、CYP2E1的表达有关。  相似文献   

11.
Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P< 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P< 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.  相似文献   

12.
Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P < 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (>0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P <0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P < 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.  相似文献   

13.
Objective: To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods: SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer's was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava (IVC) inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results: Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion: This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.  相似文献   

14.
Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.  相似文献   

15.
Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.  相似文献   

16.
A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care(~'4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.  相似文献   

17.
Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.  相似文献   

18.
Journal of Nanjing Medical University (English Edition) JNMU, sponsored by Nanjing Medical University, was established in 1987. It is a bimonthly comprehensive English medical journal published locally and abroad.Since 2007, Journal of Nanjing Medical University (English Edition )was granted Elsevier the full publishing and distribution rights worldwide for the Electronic Edition, excluding the People's Republic of China.  相似文献   

19.
目的:评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术(PPCI)术后生活质量的影响.方法:将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组(术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次)和对照组(仅接受基础药物治疗).所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表(MIDAS)、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果:入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异(P>0.05);出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低(P<0.05);组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低(P<0.05).两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血(P>0.05).两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异(P>0.05).结论:PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.  相似文献   

20.
Objective To measure Derpl and Blot5 allergen levels in asthmatics' homes in Hongkong.Methods Seventy houses were enrolled for a mite indoor environment study. Dust samples were obtained from two sites of each patients' house: bed and floor. Derpl and Blot5 levels were quantified by a two-site monoclonal antibody-based ELISA technique.Results The levels of Derpl allergens found in bed (geometric mean (GM) 3.43 μg/g of dust; 95%CI, 1.89-4.96 μg/g)and on the floor (GM 1.12 μg/g of dust; 95%CI, 0.71-1.53 μg/g) indicated significant differences (P=0.005). However, the levels of Blot5 allergens found in bed (GM 19.00 μg/g of dust; 95%CI, 0.89-38.90 μg/g) and on the floor (GM 6.14 μg/g of dust; 95%CI, 0.40-11.90 μg/g) showed no statistically significant difference. In addition, in regards to the exposure index for Derpl and Blot5 allergens found in bed and on the floor, 17.6% in bed and 8.6% on the floor had levels of Blot5 ≥ 10 μg/g of dust, higher than those obtained for Derp1 (7.2% and 0% in bed and on the floor respectively, P< 0.05); higher percentages in bed and on the floor (25.0% and 35.7%) were observed for levels of Blot5 =0 μg/g of dust as compared with Derpl in bed and on the floor (4.3% and 14.5% respectively, P< 0.05).Conclusions Derpl and Blot5 are the major allergens found in this regional study, Blot5 is a more potent allergen in Hongkong, probably reflecting the high level of exposure to Blomia tropicalis (Bt). Bt and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dp) allergens should be included for precise diagnosis and effective immuno-therapeutic treatment of mite allergy in Hongkong.  相似文献   

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