沥青基球状活性炭浸渍碳酸钠脱硫剂脱除H2S的性能与表征

将沥青基球状活性炭(PSAC)浸渍一定浓度的Na2CO3,制备了一种高性能脱硫剂(PSAC-I)。利用N2吸附、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）、热重、元素分析等手段对脱硫前后的PSAC-I进行了表征,研究了PSAC-I的脱硫产物和失活原因,考察了温度和相对湿度对脱硫的影响。结果表明：PSAC-I的脱硫效果远好于普通煤质柱状活性炭和商用活性炭脱硫剂;PSAC-I的脱硫产物主要为单质硫和少量的硫酸,当PSAC-I的孔隙被脱硫产物充满或者孔口全部被堵塞后即失活;PSAC-I脱硫最佳温度为30 ℃,温度过高或者过低均不利于H2S的脱除;提高原料气相对湿度有利于提高硫容。     

醇胺法选择性脱除H2S侧线实验研究

根据上海宝钢化工公司二期脱硫装置中脱硫选择性较低、能耗较高的现象 ,通过现场实验考察了一乙醇胺、N -甲基二乙醇胺及其各种配方对 H2 S、CO2 的脱除效率及脱硫选择性。发现在合适的气液比条件下 ,采用复合脱硫剂 DS3# ,可使原料气中 H2 S的脱除效率达到 96%以上 ,而对CO2 的脱除效率则低于 40 %     

固体颗粒对脱硫剂溶液泡沫性能的影响

对于含有H2S、CO2酸性气体的脱硫，新型空间位阻胺脱硫剂LY－1比工业常用的脱硫剂MDEA（N－甲基二乙醇胺）对H2S具有更好的选择性，且吸收容量大，解吸性能好。本文研究了脱硫过程中，活性炭、Fe(OH)3和FeS等固体颗粒对LY－1，MDEA，DEA和MEA脱硫剂溶液泡沫性能的影响。活性炭和Fe(OH)3颗粒对这些脱硫剂溶液泡沫性能的影响较大，尤其对MDEA溶液更为显著，固体颗粒粒径大小对脱硫剂溶液泡沫性能的影响不大，但固体颗粒浓度对脱硫剂溶液泡沫性能的影响较大。     

FCC汽油萃取蒸馏脱硫效果

开展了萃取蒸馏法脱除催化裂化（FCC）汽油含硫化合物的研究。在改进的Eliss气液两相双循环型蒸馏器上测定汽油在不同溶剂中的萃取蒸馏分离系数,筛选出N-甲酰基吗啉为最佳脱硫萃取蒸馏溶剂。在连续萃取蒸馏小试装置上,通过单因素试验考察了N-甲酰基吗啉的FCC汽油脱硫效果。优化的工艺条件：回流比1,剂油体积比0.7,塔釜温度160 ℃,塔顶精制油体积收率达64.18%,硫质量浓度26.03 mg/L,总脱硫率达86.30%。PONA分析结果表明,萃取蒸馏过程还能有效地将大部分高辛烷值的烯烃组分转移到低硫精制油中,可作为优良的欧IV标准高辛烷值汽油调和组分。     

实验室模拟脱硫装置及脱硫剂的评价

在小型绝热填料吸收塔和再生塔中，模拟循环法脱硫工艺过程，比较了脱硫剂甲基二乙醇胺（MDEA）浓度分别为w＝0．10和w＝0．30时，不同气液比的选择性脱除H2S的性能。并在恒定脱硫剂循环流量、再生热负荷条件下，以w＝0．30的MDEA水溶液为基准，综合评价了添加部分有机溶剂时脱硫剂对脱效率有选择性因子的影响。实验表明，添加N－甲基吡咯烷酮及环丁砜可显著改善脱硫剂的选择脱友性能。     

微波与氢氧化钠共处理脱除煤中有机硫的研究

以山西新峪煤为研究对象,考察了微波功率、微波辐照时间、NaOH质量分数以及液固质量比等参数对煤中有机硫脱除效果的影响,并对微波处理前后煤样的表面官能团和不同形态硫的含量进行了表征。结果表明,微波与NaOH共处理与两者分别单独处理相比,对煤中有机硫有更明显的脱硫作用,较优的共处理脱硫条件为:微波功率385 W,微波辐照30 min,NaOH质量分数10%以及液固质量比10:1,此时脱硫率高达62.66%。微波处理后煤样中不同形态硫的衍射峰强度明显减弱,与此同时煤中脂肪结构的衍射峰强度也有所减弱。煤中不同形态硫通过微波脱除由易到难的顺序为:硫醇和硫醚,砜类,亚砜,噻吩。在上述较优的工艺条件下新峪煤中硫醇和硫醚的脱除率可达89.87%,砜类的脱除率为79.74%,亚砜类脱除率为44.30%,而噻吩类的脱除率仅为14.07%。微波辐照脱除煤中的有机硫的作用机制主要是通过热效应促进NaOH与煤中的有机硫化物发生反应,同时也能促进煤中键能较小的C-S键直接发生断裂。     

煤微波脱硫及其与试样介电性质的关系

煤和浸提剂,在箱式反应器中,以2.45GHz频率微波照射进行脱硫。结果表明:以废碱液-Ⅱ为浸提剂,经一次照射(50秒/次)后,煤的总硫脱除率达50～60%(其中无机硫90%左右,有机硫5～30%);二次照射后,总硫脱除率达75～85%(其中无机硫90%以上,有机硫50～60%)。煤样的介电损耗ε″很小,加入ε″很大的废碱液-Ⅱ,可提高试样的ε″,增强试样吸收微波能力,从而提高了脱硫效果。     

Fe2(SO4)3氧化脱除煤中无机硫的研究

以3种高硫煤为对象,考察了反应温度、反应时间、Fe2(SO4)3溶液浓度和原煤粒度等因素对Fe2(SO4)3溶液热处理脱硫效果的影响,并对脱硫前后原煤理化性质的变化进行了研究。结果表明：在Fe2(SO4)3溶液浓度为1 mol/L,反应温度为90 ℃,反应时间为4 h,煤粒度小于0.096 mm的条件下,原煤中黄铁矿硫的脱除率高达67%,而煤中的有机硫含量并无明显的变化;升高反应温度,增加Fe2(SO4)3溶液浓度,延长反应时间以及减小原煤粒径均可在一定程度上提高原煤的黄铁矿硫和全硫的脱硫率;经Fe2(SO4)3溶液处理后原煤的黏结性均出现了不同程度的下降,其中新峪煤完全失去了黏结性;Fe2(SO4)3溶液脱除原煤中无机硫主要是通过Fe3+的强氧化性将黄铁矿硫氧化为SO2-4进而脱除。     

某锰业有限公司化合5车间硫化氢中毒事故调查

目的查明中毒原因,为今后防治急性中毒事故发生提供控制措施。方法对中毒事故现场进行职业卫生学调查,采用MX6多用气体检测仪测定工作场所化合桶装料口空气中硫化氢浓度。结果中毒事故发生13h 40m in后,测得21#化合桶H2S浓度静止状态下为1.06mg/m3,搅拌状态下为22.16 mg/m3,其他桶口未检出。硫化氢中毒事故造成3例中毒死亡,3例重度中毒,18例轻度中毒。结论原材料锰矿粉中含负二价硫离子（S2-）超过1.2%,职工违章操作、职业安全卫生防护设施缺陷是造成事故的原因。     

碳酸丙烯酯-FCC汽油萃取精馏耦合重组分加氢脱硫脱氮

开展了FCC汽油萃取精馏耦合重组分加氢脱硫脱氮的研究。首先在连续萃取精馏小试装置上,以碳酸丙烯酯为萃取剂考察萃取精馏的脱硫效果。在优化工艺条件下,塔顶低硫精制油收率达63.2%,硫氮质量浓度分别为29.4 mg/L和1.3 mg/L,脱硫率和脱氮率分别达84.5%和97.4%。类型硫分析结果表明,碳酸丙烯酯对含氮化合物及噻吩衍生物在内的大部分类型硫具有很高的选择性,但对噻吩的选择性稍弱。随后在小型固定床上采用FGH 31催化剂对富硫重组分进行加氢脱硫,在优化操作条件下重组分加氢后硫、氮质量浓度分别降至9.5 mg/L和12 mg/L,脱硫率和脱氮率分别达97.4%和91.8%。萃取精馏的低硫、低氮和低芳精制油和经过加氢脱硫后的重组分均可作为优良的欧IV汽油调和组分。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.     

TCM Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Tonifying the Kidney and Strengthening the Governor Vessel

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic and progressive disorder with inflammation mainly involving the central axis joints. It mainly affects the cervical spine and the lumbosacral area, with the pathogenesis closely related to the kidney and the Governor Vessel (GV). TCM holds that the syndrome is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality, which is due to insufficiency of the kidney, deficiency of GV, and blocking of the channels with the invasion of exogenous evil, leading to poor circulation of qi and blood and malnutrition of the bones, muscles and joints. The TCM method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening GV to regulate circulation of qi and blood and check the arthralgia pain should be adopted, with the Kidney-Tonifying and GV Strengthening Decoction (益肾强督汤) prescribed.     

IMPROVING P-gp EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN VITRO TRANSFECTED BY MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-1 mRNA

CHEMOTHERAPY playsa greatrolein the treat- ment of malignanttumors,especiallyingynecolo- gicalones.But inanticancerchemotherapy,leuko-cytopeniaisfrequentlytheprimarydose-limitingsideeffect factor.Moreover,cancersarefrequentlychemoresistantbe-causeof overexpressionof P-glycoprotein(P-gp), which isencodedby multidrugresistancegene (MDR1 ) and detectableinup to50% ofhuman cancersand renderscellsresistancetoanticancerdrugs.The safetyand potentialtherapeuticbenefitof mdr1 gene transferredto h…