血清脂蛋白相关磷脂酶A2水平与颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的相关性分析

  目的  探讨血清脂蛋白相关磷脂酶A2(Lp-PLA2)水平与颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的相关性。  方法  选择2019年6月—2020年12月于南京医科大学第二附属医院行颈动脉超声及Lp-PLA2检测的住院患者1 018例,根据检查结果将患者分为:(1)无斑块(31例)、稳定(376例)和不稳定斑块组(611例);(2)无斑块(31例)、单侧(324例)和双侧颈动脉斑块组(663例);(3)无狭窄(31例)、轻度(932例)、中度(26例)和重度颈动脉狭窄组(29例)。计算所有患者的斑块总面积、稳定斑块面积和不稳定斑块面积。分析Lp-PLA2水平在各组间的差异性及与斑块面积的相关性。  结果  与无斑块组[139.00(96.00,193.00)ng/mL]比较,不稳定斑块组[179.00(123.00,281.00)ng/mL]和双侧斑块组[181.00(120.00,279.00)ng/mL]Lp-PLA2水平明显升高(均P < 0.05)。颈动脉无狭窄及轻度狭窄患者的Lp-PLA2水平与中、重度狭窄患者之间差异有统计学意义(均P < 0.01)。Lp-PLA2与斑块总面积、不稳定斑块面积之间均呈正相关关系(均P < 0.05)。Lp-PLA2对中重度颈动脉狭窄存在较高的诊断价值(AUC=0.710,灵敏度为43.6%,特异度为89.7%,P < 0.001,95% CI: 0.631~0.789)。  结论  Lp-PLA2与颈动脉斑块稳定度、血管狭窄程度、双侧斑块形成及斑块面积,尤其是不稳定斑块面积显著相关,对颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的形成和发展有促进作用。Lp-PLA2对中重度颈动脉狭窄具有较高的诊断价值,可能是大规模临床筛查较好的提示指标。      

LP-PLA_2、FIB、CRP与原发性高血压合并颈动脉粥样斑块相关性

目的:探讨LP-PLA2、FIB、CRP与原发性高血压(EH)合并颈动脉粥样硬化(CAS)斑块的相关性。方法:选取135例原发性高血压患者作为观察组,同时选取55例健康人作为对照组,经颈动脉彩超检查显示观察组中EH伴CAS79例,比较两组患者LP-PLA2、FIB及CRP水平。结果:伴发CAS的EH患者组LP-PLA2、CRP、FIB的水平明显高于无CAS组及健康组,三组各项之间差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。结论:伴有CAS的EH患者表现出LP-PLA2、CRP、FIB水平升高,原发性高血压合并颈动脉粥样硬化斑块与LP-PLA2、CRP、FIB的水平关系密切。     

脂蛋白相关磷脂酶A_2对急性心肌梗死预后的预测价值

目的:探讨脂蛋白相关磷脂A2(Lp-PLA2)对急性心肌梗死(AMI)预后的预测价值。方法:连续入选经冠脉造影的住院者,分为AMI组74例和非冠心病组28例。ELISA测定血浆Lp-PLA2。随访1年,观察心血管事件发生情况。结果:AMI患者Lp-PLA2水平高于非冠心病者(P<0.01)。发生心血管事件者Lp-PLA2水平高于未发生者(P<0.05);Lp-PLA2水平高的四分位间距,事件发生率明显增加(P<0.01)。当Lp-PLA2≥276ng/ml对AMI预后判定的ROC曲线下面积为0.755,阳性预测值为81.6%、阴性预测值为62.5%。Kaplan-Meier生存分析提示Lp-PLA2≥276ng/ml的生存率明显小于Lp-PLA2<276ng/ml的生存率(Logrank检验P=0.012)。Cox模型逐步回归分析,Lp-PLA2水平≥276 ng/ml为1年内AMI者死亡的独立预测因子。结论:高水平Lp-PLA2对AMI患者1年内发生心血管事件的预测有一定的价值。     

腔隙性脑梗死患者脂蛋白相关磷脂酶A2水平变化及与颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的相关性研究

目的探讨腔隙性脑梗死患者脂蛋白相关磷脂酶A2(Lp-PLA2)水平变化及其与颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的相关性。方法选取腔隙性脑梗死患者(观察组)及门诊同期体检中老年健康者(对照组)各50例,检测血浆Lp-PLA2,观察组采用彩色多普勒超声检测颈动脉粥样硬化斑块情况。结果观察组患者Lp-PLA2水平高于对照组(P<0.01),观察组患者颈动脉粥样硬化斑块检出率54.00%,有斑块患者LpPLA2水平高于无斑块患者(P<0.01)。结论腔隙性脑梗死患者血浆Lp-PLA2水平明显升高,有颈动脉粥样硬化斑块者更为明显,提示LpPLA2升高可能是引起腔隙性脑梗死发生的危险因素。     

血清亲环素A与颈动脉不稳定斑块及脑梗死的相关性研究

目的  通过检测颈动脉硬化不稳定斑块伴动脉粥样硬化脑梗死（ACI）患者（ACI组）、颈动脉硬化不稳定斑块患者（单纯斑块组）及健康体检者（对照组）血清亲环素A（CyPA）、脂蛋白相关磷脂酶A2（Lp-PLA2）水平,探讨观察者血清CyPA、Lp-PLA2水平与斑块不稳定性及ACI的关系。方法  颈动脉粥样硬化斑块经颈部血管彩色超声检查确定;采用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）测定观察者血清CyPA、Lp-PLA2水平。结果  患者的血清CyPA水平ACI组（2.031±0.679）ng/ml>斑块组（3.790±0.943）ng/ml>对照组（5.113±1.568）ng/ml,差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）;血清Lp-plA2水平ACI组（1.949±0.666）ng/ml>斑块组（1.703±0.541）ng/ml>对照组（1.426±0.406）ng/ml,差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）。Logistic回归分析显示,CyPA是不稳定斑块患者发生脑梗死的独立危险因素（■=2.71,95%CI：1.52,4.83,P =0.01）。以CyPA、Lp-PLA2为双变量行相关分析显示两者呈正相关（r=0.343）。结论  血清CyPA、Lp-PLA2水平可作为颈动脉不稳定斑块的临床标志物;联合检测血清CyPA、Lp-PLA2水平可能会预测ACI的发生。

     

原发性高血压与颈动脉粥样硬化关系的临床研究

目的:探讨原发性高血压(EH)患者颈动脉粥样硬化(CAS)的发病情况、特点以及临床意义.方法:选择80例EH患者,按照WHO的危险分层法将EH患者分成低危、中危、高危和极高危3组,应用高分辨率超声多谱勒对3组EH患者双侧颅外段颈总动脉(CCA)进行超声检查,测量颈总动脉内-中膜厚度(IMT)、斑块检出率等指标,并与30名健康对照者进行比较分析.结果:低、中危EH组患者CCA的IMT与健康对照组差异均无显著性(P>0.05);高危和极高危EH组CCA的IMT与健康对照组比较差异有显著性(P<0.01),表现为颈动脉IMT增厚;低危、中危、高危和极高危 EH组颈动脉斑块检出率分别为34.6%、75.0%和82.4%,与健康对照组(16.7%)比较差异均有显著性(P<0.01);随着EH危险分层增加而增加,颈动脉斑块检出率有增加趋势.结论:颈动脉IMT厚度增加可能是CAS的早期表现;IMT厚度等是超声检查CAS的可靠指标;超声多谱勒能无创、直观动态地了解CAS程度,能为全面评价高血压是否引起大、中动脉粥样硬化提供一个窗口.     

ApoE基因型与颈动脉粥样硬化及脑梗死的相关性研究

  目的  探讨人类载脂蛋白E(apolipoprotein e,ApoE)基因型与颈动脉粥样斑块稳定性、位置分布及脑梗死的相关性。  方法  随机选取南京医科大学第二附属医院2019年1月1日—12月31日期间275名行颈动脉B超、ApoE基因检测、血脂检测及头颅核磁共振的住院患者进行分析,根据颈动脉B超检查分为对照组88例、稳定斑块组71例和不稳定斑块组116例,将颈动脉粥样硬化(carotid atherosclerosis, CAS)患者分为脑梗死组和无脑梗死组进行研究分析。  结果  (1) 人群中ε2基因频率为10.7%,ε3为78.2%,ε4为11.1%。(2)不稳定斑块组与对照组相比,基因型分布差异有统计学意义(P=0.008),与ε3/ε3基因型相比,ε3/ε4(OR=3.115,95% CI:1.314~7.388)更易导致不稳定斑块。(3)ApoE基因型与颈动脉斑块位置无明显关系(χ2=3.190,P=0.527)。(4)在已发生CAS患者中,与非ε2携带者比较,ε2携带者(χ2=4.285,P=0.038)不易发生脑梗死。(5)在CAS患者中,调整年龄、性别、高血压、糖尿病因素后,ε2等位基因是脑梗死的保护因素(P=0.023, OR=0.352,95% CI:0.144~0.865)。  结论  基因型ε3/ε4可能是导致患者颈动脉不稳定性粥样斑块形成的危险因素, ApoE基因型与颈动脉粥样硬化性斑块的分布位置无关。ε2等位基因是已发生CAS的患者发生脑梗死的保护因素。      

颈动脉稳定与不稳定斑块急性脑卒中患者血浆UA、Lp-PLA2、D-D、Hcy及Fbg的变化观察

目的:观察颈动脉稳定与不稳定斑块急性脑卒中患者血浆尿酸(UA)、脂蛋白相关磷脂酶A2(Lp-PLA2)、D-二聚体(D-D)、同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)及血纤蛋白原(Fbg)的变化情况。方法:选取2017年7月-2018年4月本院收治的36例颈动脉不稳定斑块急性脑卒中患者为观察组,同时期的36例颈动脉稳定斑块急性脑卒中患者为对照组。检测并比较两组UA、Lp-PLA2、D-D、Hcy及Fbg表达水平,两组中不同中国卒中量表评估结果及斑块指数者的表达水平。结果:观察组血浆UA、Lp-PLA2、D-D、Hcy及Fbg表达水平均显著高于对照组(P0.05),且观察组中不同中国卒中量表评估结果及斑块指数者血浆UA、Lp-PLA2、D-D、Hcy及Fbg表达水平均高于对照组中相同评估结果及斑块指数者,比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:颈动脉不稳定斑块急性脑卒中患者血浆UA、Lp-PLA2、D-D、Hcy及Fbg表达水平均高于颈动脉稳定斑块者,且不同中国卒中量表评估结果与斑块指数患者的差异明显,因此临床监测价值较高。     

血浆脂蛋白相关磷脂酶A2检测在冠状动脉粥样硬化中的应用价值

目的探讨血浆脂蛋白相关磷脂酶(Lp-PLA2)在冠状动脉粥样硬化中的临床应用价值。方法选取126例冠心病患者为病例组,59例健康体检者为对照组,检测血浆中Lp-PLA2的含量并做统计学分析。结果稳定型心绞痛(SAP)组[(213.5±30.7)ng/ml]、不稳定心绞痛(UAP组)[(234.7±23.7)ng/ml]和心肌梗死(AMI组)[(289.6±32.7)ng/ml]的Lp-PLA2水平显著高于对照组(151.7±26.5ng/ml,P<0.001);AMI组的Lp-PLA2水平显著高于SAP组和UAP组(P<0.001);UAP组的Lp-PLA2水平显著高于SAP组(P=0.001)。结论 Lp-PLA2与动脉粥样硬化的形成和进展密切相关,在预防、诊断和个性化治疗心血管事件中发挥重要的作用。     

脂蛋白相关磷脂酶A2与颈动脉粥样硬化病变程度的相关性研究

  目的  探索脂蛋白相关磷脂酶A2(lipoprotein phospholipase A2, Lp-PLA2)与颈动脉粥样硬化病变程度的相关性及临床意义。  方法  选取2019年10月—2020年4月安徽省立医院收住行Lp-PLA2检测和颈动脉评估的227例患者,按照颈动脉粥样硬化程度分为3组,无明显颈动脉狭窄为对照组(58例),颈动脉狭窄＜50%为颈动脉粥样硬化组(119例),颈动脉狭窄≥50%为颈动脉狭窄组(50例);按照有无新发心血管事件分为无新发事件组(154例)和新发事件组(73例)。检测Lp-PLA2及其他常规入院检验,分析各指标与颈动脉粥样硬化程度的关系,采用多元线性回归模型分析颈动脉粥样硬化病变的相关因素。  结果  与对照组Lp-PLA2[(89.29±41.15)ng/mL]相比,颈动脉粥样硬化组[(103.92±37.90)ng/mL]与颈动脉狭窄组[(121.96±41.27)ng/mL]Lp-PLA2明显升高(均P＜0.05);新发事件组Lp-PLA2[(114.93±36.50)ng/mL]显著高于无新发事件组[(98.76±42.47)ng/mL,P＜0.05]。多元线性回归分析结果表明,Lp-PLA2是颈动脉粥样硬化的独立影响因素。  结论  Lp-PLA2与颈动脉粥样硬化病变程度具有相关性,且随着颈动脉粥样硬化程度的加深,血清Lp-PLA2浓度同步升高。      

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Electro-Acupuncture Combined with the Trigger Point Needle-Embedding for Treatment of Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia in 31 Cases

In recent years, the author of this essay has applied electro-acupuncture combined with the trigger point needle-embedding for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia in 31 cases, yielding satis- factory results as reported in the following.     

Investigation of Matrix Metalloproteinase -1, 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 in Endometriosis

Objective： To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase-1,2 （MMP-1, MMP-2） and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 （TIMP-1） in endometriosis. Methods： The eutopic and ectopic endometria from 40 subjects suffering from endometriosis and regular.endometria from 40 subjects （excluding endometriosis） were collected and examined by in situ hybridization technology and western blot assay. Results： Both expressions of MMP-1 and -2 were stronger in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium than in normal endometrium. On the contrary, the expression of TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium was lower. The differences were significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. Moreover, there was no relationship among the expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium. Conclusion： The expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 lose balance and lack of periodic changes in ectopic endometrium , which explains the biological invasive behavior of endometriosis. It was suggested-that regulating the balance between the MMPs and TIMP-1 should be an ideal therapeutic target to endometriosis.     

Shi Da-zhuo (史大卓) —An outstanding cardiologist of integrative medicine

Prof. SHI Da-zhuo, Ph.D., male, was born on March 20, 1960. Prof. SHI entered the Ph.D. program in 1990 at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences under the supervision of Prof. CHEN Ke-ji, majoring in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. After receiving his Ph.D. degree in 1993, Prof. SHI started working at the Cardiovascular Center in Xiyuan Hospital affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical sciences.     

Treatment of 256 cases of Osteoarthritis of Knee Joint with Guo Jianhua''''s Four-step Therapy

256 cases of osteoarthritis of knee joint were treated with Professor Guo Jianhua's four-step therapy,i.e.acupuncture at five points in the knee to remove obstruction of collaterals and stop pain,massotherapy to separate adhesion and relieve spasm,fumigation and steaming with hot decoction to promote blood circulation and expel swelling,and functional exercises to consolidate the therapeutic effects.121 cases were cured,117 cases markedly effective,and 18 cases ineffective,with a total effective rate of 92.97%.