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1.
目的:分析长春地区部分医院革兰阴性杆菌氨基糖苷类修饰酶基因的分布和类型,为抗生
素的合理应用提供依据。方法:通过琼脂稀释法筛选出阿米卡星与庆大霉素的耐药菌株,采用聚合
酶链式反应及序列分析的方法检测耐药菌株所携带的氨基糖苷类修饰酶基因类型。结果:69株革兰阴性杆菌对阿米卡星与庆大霉素的耐药率分别为44.9%和87.0%,其中63株 (91.3%) 检出氨基糖苷类修饰酶基因,基因类型包括aac(3)-Ⅰ、aac(3)-Ⅱ、aac(6′)-Ⅰb、ant(3")-Ⅰ和
ant(2")-Ⅰ,阳性率分别为4.3%、81.2%、43.5%、33.3%和13.0%;而aac (6′)-Ⅱ基因为阴性。结论:本地区革兰阴性杆菌氨基糖苷类修饰酶基因主要以aac(3)-Ⅰ、aac(3)-Ⅱ、aac(6′)-Ⅰb、ant(3")-Ⅰ和ant(2")-Ⅰ 5种类型存在,其中以aac(3)-Ⅱ型氨基糖苷类修饰酶基因最为常见。合理应用氨基糖苷类抗生素对于降低细菌的耐药性具有重要意义。
  相似文献   

2.
目的 了解本地产AmpC酶大肠埃希菌(escherichia coli,E.cold对氨基糖苷类抗生素(aminoglyco-sides,AGs)的耐药情况,分析氨基糖苷修饰酶(aminoglycoside modifying enzymes,AMEs)基因与AmpC酶、AGs耐药表型之间的相互关系.方法 头孢西丁三维试验方法,检测产AmpC酶菌株;用KB纸片扩散抗生素做药敏试验以及采用PCR技术检测AMEs基因.结果 分离出产AmpC酶的菌株9株(11.69%);产酶菌对氨基糖苷类抗生素的耐药及交叉耐药率明显高于非产酶菌株,其中耐3种及以上AGs差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);产酶菌株AMEs基因携带率高于非产酶菌株,以aac(3)-Ⅱ、aac(6')-Ⅰ、ant(3")-Ⅰ等3种基因明显(P<0.05).结论 产AmpC酶菌株耐药对AGs耐药率亦高于非产AmpC酶菌株,提示AmpC酶与AMEs基因导致的耐药存在一定的相关性.  相似文献   

3.
目的了解烟台地区多重耐药铜绿假单胞菌16SrRNA甲基化酶、氨基糖苷类修饰酶基因的存在状况。方法自2006年1-6月间烟台地区住院病人标本中分离出30株多重耐药的铜绿假单胞菌,(K-B)法测定16种抗菌药物的敏感性;PCR法检测16SrRNA甲基化酶、氨基糖苷类修饰酶基因。结果30株多重耐药铜绿假单胞菌中16SrRNA甲基化酶(armA、rmtA、rmtB、rmtC、rmtD、rpmA)基因均为阴性;氨基糖苷类修饰酶aac(3)-Ⅱ基因阳性株6株、aac(6′)-Ⅱ基因阳性株14株、ant(3″)-Ⅰ基因阳性株11株、ant(2″)-Ⅰ基因阳性株1株;aac(3)-Ⅰ和aac(6′)-Ⅰb基因均为阴性。结论烟台地区多重耐药铜绿假单胞菌对氨基糖苷类药物耐药的主要原因与aac(3)-Ⅱ、aac(6’)-Ⅱ、ant(3")-Ⅰ和ant(2")-Ⅰ4种氨基糖苷类修饰酶基因存在有关。尚未检出16SrRNA甲基化酶。  相似文献   

4.
目的 了解本地产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)大肠埃希菌对氨基糖苷类抗菌药(AGs)的耐药情况,并分析其氨基糖苷类修饰酶(AMEs)基因的检出情况.方法 对临床分离的75株大肠埃希菌用表型确证试验检测ESBLs,用KB纸片扩散法对6种AGs做药敏试验以及采用PCR技术检测AMEs基因.结果 在临床分离的75株大肠埃希菌中共检出产ESBLs菌37株(49.33%).产ESBLs菌耐药情况:依次为庆大霉素(78.38%)、链霉素(70.27%)、卡那霉素(62.16%)、妥布霉素(50.05%)、奈替米星(18.92%)、阿米卡星(10.81%).与非产ESBLs菌株比较,除奈替米星和阿米卡星外差异均有统计学意义,且产ESBLs菌中耐多药模式明显,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).产ESBLs菌携带AMEs基因检出情况:共检出5种基因,其中以aac(3)-Ⅱ(64.86%)和aac(6')-Ⅰ(45.95%)为主,未检出aac(6')-Ⅱ.除ant(2")-Ⅰ和aac(3)-Ⅰ外,其余3种基因检出率高于非产ESBLs菌株,且两基因携带率也明显高于非产ESBLs菌株(P<0.05).结论 ESBLs的产生可使大肠埃希菌对AGs的耐药情况加重.  相似文献   

5.
目的 了解铜绿假单胞菌对氨基糖苷类抗生素耐药基因的分布情况.方法 收集临床分离的铜绿假单胞菌,采用仪器法和纸片扩散法(K-B法)进行药敏实验.筛选出对氨基糖苷类抗生素耐药的菌株,用PCR法检测16个氨基糖苷类修饰酶(AMEs)基因和5个16S rRNA甲基化酶基因的表达,进一步对阳性基因扩增产物进行测序验证.结果 54株菌中51 株AMEs基因阳性,检出率为94.4% ,28 株甲基化酶基因阳性,检出率为51.9% .共检出5 种AMEs基因:ant(3″) -Ⅰ、aac(3) -Ⅱc、ant(4′) -Ⅰa、aac(6′) -Ⅰb和ant ( 2″) - Ⅰa,阳性率分别为 66.7% 、 38.9% 、 31.5% 、31.5%和16.6% ;2种16S rRNA甲基化酶基因:rmtB和ar-mA,阳性率分别为29.6%和29.6% ,其余基因均未检出.测序结果与目的基因一致.结论 铜绿假单胞菌氨基糖苷类抗生素耐药的主要基因为ant(3″)-Ⅰ、aac(3)-Ⅱc、ant(4′) -Ⅰa、aac(6′)-Ⅰb和ant(2″)-Ⅰa以及rmtB, armA.  相似文献   

6.
鲍曼不动杆菌氨基糖苷类药物修饰酶基因类型的研究   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
目的研究常州地区鲍曼不动杆菌氨基糖苷类药物修饰酶基因类型及其耐药特点. 方法用琼脂稀释法检测庆大霉素、阿米卡星、妥布霉素、奈替米星等4种药物对20株多重耐药性鲍曼不动杆菌的最低抑菌浓度.用PCR法检测氨基糖苷类药物修饰酶基因. 结果庆大霉素、阿米卡星对20株鲍曼不动杆菌MIC50、MIC90均>1024mg/L,耐药率分别为100%、90%.奈替米星、妥布霉素的耐药率分别为85%、80%.鲍曼不动杆菌对庆大霉素等4种抗生素为高浓度耐药.从20株菌中检出两种修饰酶基因,其中16株带有aac(3)-Ⅰ基因,3株带有aac(6')-Ⅰ基因;3株菌同时具有上述两种基因,未检出aph(3)-Ⅵ基因. 结论常州地区鲍曼不动杆菌对氨基糖苷类药物耐药与aac(3)-Ⅰ、aac(6')-Ⅰ基因有关.  相似文献   

7.
目的了解对氨基糖苷类抗生素耐药的铜绿假单胞菌氨基糖苷类修饰酶(AMEs)基因和甲酰化酶基因的存在情况。方法用聚合酶链反应(PCR)测定临床分离的170株对氨基糖苷类抗生素耐药的铜绿假单胞菌5种主要的AMEs基因和2种甲酰化酶基因。结果铜绿假单胞菌的AMEs基因携带率较高(94.71%),其修饰酶基因检出率分别为aac(3)-Ⅱ 77.6%、aac(6')-Ⅰ 41.2%、ant(3″)-Ⅰ 40.0%、aph(3')-Ⅵ 21.8%、aac(3)-Ⅰ 0.0%,同时携带2种或2种以上AMEs基因的菌株占63.53%,甲酰化酶基因检出率分别为rmtD 1.8%、rmtA 0.0%。结论铜绿假单胞菌中AMEs基因携带率较高,同一菌株携带多个不同的AMEs基因现象较多;甲酰化酶基因携带率极低。  相似文献   

8.
目的:了解地区产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)大肠埃希菌对氨基糖苷抗生素的耐药情况及氨基糖苷类钝化酶基因分布.方法:采用Kirby-Bauer(K-B)纸片法检测38株产 ESBLs大肠埃希菌对庆大霉素、阿米卡星、妥布霉素、奈替米星4种氨基糖苷类抗菌药物的耐药情况;并应用PCR方法检测这38株菌6种氨基糖苷钝化酶基因aac(3)-Ⅰ、aac(3)-Ⅱ、aac(6′)-Ⅱ、aac(6′)-Ib-cr、ant(2″)-Ⅰ、ant(3″)-Ⅰ.结果:38株产ESBLs大肠埃希菌对4种氨基糖苷类抗菌药物的耐药率分别为阿米卡星28.9%,奈替米星39.5%,庆大霉素76.3%,妥布霉素76.3%;aac(3)-Ⅱ、aac(6′)-Ib-cr、ant(3″)-Ⅰ、ant(2″)-Ⅰ阳性率分别为63.2%,36.8%,10.5%,2.6%.未检测出aac(3)-Ⅰ与aac(6′)-Ⅱ基因阳性菌株.结论:产ESBLs大肠埃希菌的氨基糖苷类钝化酶基因以aac(3)-Ⅱ、aac(6′)-Ib-cr基因为主,氨基糖苷类钝化酶基因与氨基糖苷类药物耐药性有一定的联系.临床抗感染过程中应该注重耐药机制的研究.  相似文献   

9.
目的 了解临床分离的肺炎克雷伯菌耐药性及氨基糖苷类修饰酶基因的存在状况.方法 测定临床分离的40株肺炎克雷伯菌对20种抗菌药物的敏感性,采用PCR技术检测氨基糖苷类修饰酶基因.结果 40株肺炎克雷伯菌呈现多重耐药,氨基糖苷类修饰酶基因aac(3)-Ⅰ、aac(3)-Ⅱ、aac(6')-Ⅰb和aac(6')-Ⅱ的阳性率分别为12.5%、75.0%、7.5%和10.0%.携带2种或2种以上基因的菌株有10株(25.0%).结论 临床分离的肺炎克雷伯菌多重耐药严重,氨基糖苷类修饰酶基因携带较高.  相似文献   

10.
目的:了解浙江省湖州市中国人民解放军第98医院自临床分离的多重耐药铜绿假单胞菌(MRPA)中氨基糖苷类修饰酶(AMEs)基因存在状况.方法:在2003年9月至2004年10月间从临床分离30株MRPA,采用聚合酶链反应(PCR)技术检测9种AMEs基因[aac(3)-Ⅰ、aac(3)-Ⅱ、aac(3)-Ⅲ、aac(3)-Ⅳ、aac(6')-Ⅰ、aac(6')-Ⅱ、ant(3")-Ⅰ、ant(2")-Ⅰ和aph(3')-Ⅵ].结果:30株MRPA中各种AMEs基因的阳性株数(阳性率)分别为aac(3)-Ⅱ23株(76.7%)、aac(6')-Ⅰ 1株(3.3%)、aac(6')-Ⅱl0株(33.3%)、ant(3")-Ⅰ 16株(53.3%)、ant(2")-Ⅰ 8株(26.7%),而aac(3)-Ⅰ、aac(3)-Ⅲ、aac(3)-Ⅳ和aph(3')-Ⅵ均为阴性.基因总阳性率为86.7%(26/30).结论第98医院临床分离的多重耐药铜绿假单胞菌中AMEs基因携带率很高,至少存在5种AMEs基因,分别为aac(3)-Ⅱ、aac(6')-Ⅰ、aac(6')-Ⅱ、ant(3")-Ⅰ和ant(2")-Ⅰ.  相似文献   

11.
Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P< 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P< 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.  相似文献   

12.
Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P < 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (>0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P <0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P < 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.  相似文献   

13.
Objective: To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods: SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer's was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava (IVC) inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results: Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion: This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.  相似文献   

14.
Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.  相似文献   

15.
Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.  相似文献   

16.
A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care(~'4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.  相似文献   

17.
Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.  相似文献   

18.
Journal of Nanjing Medical University (English Edition) JNMU, sponsored by Nanjing Medical University, was established in 1987. It is a bimonthly comprehensive English medical journal published locally and abroad.Since 2007, Journal of Nanjing Medical University (English Edition )was granted Elsevier the full publishing and distribution rights worldwide for the Electronic Edition, excluding the People's Republic of China.  相似文献   

19.
目的:评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术(PPCI)术后生活质量的影响.方法:将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组(术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次)和对照组(仅接受基础药物治疗).所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表(MIDAS)、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果:入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异(P>0.05);出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低(P<0.05);组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低(P<0.05).两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血(P>0.05).两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异(P>0.05).结论:PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.  相似文献   

20.
Objective To measure Derpl and Blot5 allergen levels in asthmatics' homes in Hongkong.Methods Seventy houses were enrolled for a mite indoor environment study. Dust samples were obtained from two sites of each patients' house: bed and floor. Derpl and Blot5 levels were quantified by a two-site monoclonal antibody-based ELISA technique.Results The levels of Derpl allergens found in bed (geometric mean (GM) 3.43 μg/g of dust; 95%CI, 1.89-4.96 μg/g)and on the floor (GM 1.12 μg/g of dust; 95%CI, 0.71-1.53 μg/g) indicated significant differences (P=0.005). However, the levels of Blot5 allergens found in bed (GM 19.00 μg/g of dust; 95%CI, 0.89-38.90 μg/g) and on the floor (GM 6.14 μg/g of dust; 95%CI, 0.40-11.90 μg/g) showed no statistically significant difference. In addition, in regards to the exposure index for Derpl and Blot5 allergens found in bed and on the floor, 17.6% in bed and 8.6% on the floor had levels of Blot5 ≥ 10 μg/g of dust, higher than those obtained for Derp1 (7.2% and 0% in bed and on the floor respectively, P< 0.05); higher percentages in bed and on the floor (25.0% and 35.7%) were observed for levels of Blot5 =0 μg/g of dust as compared with Derpl in bed and on the floor (4.3% and 14.5% respectively, P< 0.05).Conclusions Derpl and Blot5 are the major allergens found in this regional study, Blot5 is a more potent allergen in Hongkong, probably reflecting the high level of exposure to Blomia tropicalis (Bt). Bt and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dp) allergens should be included for precise diagnosis and effective immuno-therapeutic treatment of mite allergy in Hongkong.  相似文献   

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