Epworth嗜睡评分量表在阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征中的预测作用

对20例单纯性鼾症、91例阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征（OSAHS）患者（轻度21例，中度22例。重度48例）分别用Epworth嗜睡评分量表进行问卷调查，并计算嗜睡评分（ESS）．然后行多导睡眠图（PSG）监测。依据PSG监测将ESS与相关资料进行统计学分析。结果显示，单纯性鼾症组、OSAHS各组患者的ESS、呼吸暂停低通气指数（AHI）、微觉醒指数有显著性差异（P〈0.01）。患者的ESS与AHI成明显的正相关（r=0.55．P〈0.01），说明OSAHS病情越严重，ESS评分越高。提示Epworth嗜睡评分量表在OSAHS诊断及判断严重程度方面具有预测作用，尤其在基层医院对此疾病的筛查工作有很大的帮助．但使用中要适当变通。     

脑卒中伴阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征临床分析

目的 分析阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征（OSAHS）对脑卒中的影响。方法 选取2013年10月~2014年9月江苏省徐州医学院附属医院50例脑卒中伴OSAHS作为研究组,55例不伴OSAHS的脑卒中患者作为对照组,比较两组患者多导睡眠图、睡眠结构、认知功能和嗜睡程度的差异。结果 与对照组比较,研究组患者AHI明显增高,夜间平均动脉血氧饮合度（Sa O2）降低、夜间最低Sa O2下降明显、夜间呼吸事件明显增多,觉醒时间、N1期及N2期延长,N3期、REM期时间缩短,MMSE评分下降,ESS评分增高,差异均有统计学意义（均P〈0.05）。结论 脑卒中伴OSAHS患者夜间缺氧及睡眠结构紊乱症状严重,认知功能下降,白日嗜睡明显。     

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征及单纯性鼾症儿童的睡眠结构研究

目的 通过比较阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征（OSAHS）和单纯性鼾症（PS）患儿睡眠结构间的差异,探讨 OSAHS 和 PS 对儿童睡眠结构的影响。 方法 对 96 例打鼾儿童进行多导睡眠监测,区分为 OSAHS 组 42 例和 PS 组 54 例,比较两 组患儿的睡眠结构异同,并与同年龄组正常儿童睡眠结构正常值进行比较。 结果 两组患儿的总睡眠时间、睡眠潜伏期、睡眠效率、 睡眠各期（N1 期、N2 期、N3 期、REM 期）百分比、微觉醒指数均无统计学差异（均 P ＞0.05）,而 BMI、呼吸暂停低通气指数（AHI）、最低 动脉血氧饱和度（LSaO2）组间比较均有统计学差异（均 P＜0.05）。与正常组儿童睡眠结构各项指标相比,两组患儿 N1、N2 期睡眠比例 增加,N3 期、REM 期睡眠比例减少（均 P＜0.01）。 结论 OSAHS 和 PS 均可导致儿童睡眠结构紊乱,但 OSHAS 与 PS 患儿的睡眠 结构差异不明显。     

SILENSOR-阻鼾器治疗阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征的疗效观察

目的：介绍SILENSOR-阻鼾器的制作方法、适应症并对其进行临床疗效观察。方法：制作SILENSOR-阻鼾器治疗已被确诊为阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)患者，通过多导睡眠图监测观察治疗效果。结果：SILENSOR-阻鼾器治疗阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征取得满意效果，使呼吸紊乱指数下降50％以上。结论：SILENSOR-阻鼾器与牙列外形非常贴和，保证了阻鼾器在口内的固位效果，间接带动舌体前移扩大舌后气道，有效消除睡眠呼吸暂停，明显改善患者的睡眠质量，使患者临床症状得到明显改善。     

148例鼾症多导睡眠图分析

目的 探讨阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)的多导睡眠图(PSG)特征.方法 通过分析PSG,分析比较了确诊为OSAHS患者78例和单纯性鼾症(PS)者70例的睡眠呼吸各项参数.结果 与PS组相比,OSAHS患者在睡眠结构、呼吸事件、血氧、鼾声及心血管系统变化等方面差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 OSAHS患者存在睡眠结构紊乱,夜间睡眠呼吸紊乱,低氧血症,并常伴有心率分布宽度增高,血压增高.     

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征初筛量表的应用现状

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)是一种严重影响人类身体健康和生活质量的睡眠障碍。多导睡眠监测(PSG)是目前诊断OSAHS的金标准,但PSG需要专门的设备和技术人员,耗费较多的物力和人力。研究发现,睡眠量表是初筛OSAHS高危患者的有效手段。本文通过对近年来睡眠量表与OSAHS相关研究进行归纳和总结,发现睡眠量表在诊断OSAHS、评估OSAHS病情严重程度等方面具有很好的应用价值。     

Epworth嗜睡量表评估阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征病情的价值

目的探讨Epworth嗜睡量表（ESS）评估阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征（OSAHS）病情的价值。方法OSAHS患者116例,单纯鼾症患者16例。分析ESS分值与呼吸暂停低通气指数（AHI）、最低血氧饱和度（LAST）的关系。结果单纯鼾症组、轻度OSAHS组、中度OSAHS组的ESS评分的均数逐渐升高（P〈0．05）,但重度、中度OSAHS组的ESS评分差异无统计学差异（P〉0．05）。无低氧血症组、轻度低氧血症组、中度低氧血症组、重度低氧血症组的ESS评分的均数逐渐升高（P〈0．05）。AHI与ESS评分量呈正相关关系（P〈0．05）,LAST与ESS评分呈负相关关系（P〈0．05）。结论Epworth睡眠量表对评估阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者病情的严重程度有一定价值。     

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者临床相关因素分析

目的分析阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征（OSAHS）患者临床相关因素,并探讨如何选择初步评判OSAHS病情的指标。方法对因睡眠打鼾就诊的419例患者行整夜多导睡眠图检查,主客观评分及相应的身体参数测量。并根据睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数（AHI）将其分组进行分析。结果因睡眠打鼾就诊者中,OSAHS患病率为84．0％,单纯鼾症组和OSAHS各组主客观评分、AHI、血压指标、肥胖指标、血氧指标均有显著性差异。氧减指数、最低氧饱和度、ESS评分与AHI密切相关,复相关系数为0．862。结论OSAHS在打鼾就诊人群中患病率高,年龄、肥胖是易患因素之一,血压和血氧恶化与病情加重有关,氧减指数、最低氧饱和度、ESS评分可以作为初步评判病情的指标。     

鼾症与阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征

人的一生中近三分之一的时间是在睡眠中度过,入睡以后意识潜伏,感觉减退,机体与外界的主动联系暂时中断。近20年来,由于无创性血氧饱和度监测及多导睡眠图监测等先进技术应用于临床,使人们对睡眠生理及其相关疾病的认识、诊断和治疗水平进一步提高。     

女性阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征与代谢综合征相关研究

目的研究和分析阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征（OSAHS）女性患者代谢指标变化以及合并代谢综合征（MS）的情况,探讨MS与OSAHS的关系。方法2006年8月～2009年5月,瑞金医院睡眠呼吸疾病诊疗中心纳入女性研究对象60例,分为单纯鼾症组（n=19）、轻度OSAHS组（n=21）和中重度OSAHS组（n=20）,比较各组间Epworth嗜睡量表（ESS）评分及代谢相关指标的差异。其中41例OSAHS患者再分为合并MS组（n=15）与无MS组（n=26）,比较两组间ESS评分、呼吸暂停低通气指数（AHI）、氧减指数（ODI）和最低血氧饱和度（LSpO2）的差异。结果在单纯鼾症、轻度OSAHS与中重度OSAHS组,组间年龄和体质量指数（BMI）以及血清总胆固醇（TC）、三酰甘油（TG）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）、载脂蛋白A-I（apoA-I）和载脂蛋白B（apoB）比较差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;相关分析示ESS与AHI呈正相关（r=0．327,P=0．011）;中重度OSAHS组ESS评分、高血压比例、空腹血糖（FPG）以及合并MS比例均明显高于单纯鼾症组（P〈0．05）。与无MS组比较,合并MS组BMI、FPG、TG、高血压比例以及ODI和ESS评分均较高（P〈0．05）;两组间AHI、LspO：差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论ESS评分可反映女性OSAHS病情的严重程度。年龄、BMI相匹配的女性OSAHS患者血脂指标无差异,但随着病情加重可引起糖代谢异常,高血压发病增加,合并MS的比例升高;合并MS的OSAHS患者病情更严重,MS与OSAHS两者互为影响。     

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者Epworth嗜睡评分与甲状腺激素的相关性

目的分析阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)患者甲状腺激素水平与患者Epworth嗜睡评分(ESS)的关系。方法选取2018年1月—2019年12月新疆医科大学第一附属医院呼吸与呼吸危重症中心收治OSAHS患者83例为研究对象,入院时参照ESS评分评估患者嗜睡程度,分为轻度嗜睡组(n=51)和中重度嗜睡组(n=32);采集患者基线资料,比较各组血清促甲状腺激素(TSH)、游离三碘甲腺原氨酸(FT₃)、游离甲状腺素(FT₄)、瘦素水平,并分析甲状腺激素水平与ESS评分的相关性。结果中重度嗜睡组TSH、FT₄水平低于轻度嗜睡组,瘦素水平高于轻度嗜睡组(t=3.942、5.252、8.661,P均<0.001);TSH、FT₄水平与OSAHS患者ESS评分呈负相关(r=-0.526、-0.500,P均<0.001);TSH、FT₄低表达,瘦素过表达是患者嗜睡程度加重的危险因素(OR=18.401、12.096、54.493,P均<0.05)。TSH、FT₄预测OSAHS患者嗜睡程度加重风险的AUC分别为0.896、0.873,两者联合检测的AUC为0.901。结论OSAHS患者的甲状腺激素(TSH、FT₄)水平与ESS评分呈负相关,TSH、FT₄低表达可能提示OSAHS患者嗜睡程度加重。     

Serum adiponectin level in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome

Background Adiponectin, secreted by adipocytes, has been found to be associated with diabetes, obesity and some cardiovascular diseases. Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is also closely related to obesity and easily complicated with diabetes and some cardiovascular diseases. This study was carried out to explore the change of serum adiponectin level in patients with OSAHS.Methods Polysomnography was performed in 71 patients with OSAHS (OSAHS group) and 26 simple obese controls (control group). The two groups had no significant difference in age and body mass index (BMI). Radioimmunoassy was used to test serum adiponectin level.Results Serum adiponectin level was significantly lower in OSAHS group ［(5.03±1.01) mg/L］ than that in the control group ［(7.09±1.29) mg/L, P&lt;0.05］. The differences between two groups were independent of gender. In OSAHS groups, serum adiponectin levels were negatively correlated with apnea hypopnea index (AHI) （r=-0.78, P&lt;0.01）, BMI （r=-0.13, P&lt;0.05）, waist circumsference (r=-0.36, P&lt;0.01), and neck circumference (r=-0.42, P&lt;0.01), but positively correlated with the minimal pulse oxyhemoglobin saturation （r=0.48, P&lt;0.01）. Conclusion OSAHS may contribute to the decrease of serum adiponectin level independent of obesity.     

81例老年阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征临床特点分析

目的：探讨老年阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征（OSAHS）与中年OSAHS临床特点和多导睡眠监测特征的差异,为诊断及个体化干预老年OSA HS提供参考依据。方法分析81例老年OSA HS和123例中年OSA HS的一般情况、临床表现和多导睡眠图特点,并按BM I匹配比较两组临床表现及多导睡眠指标差异。结果老年及中年OSA HS患者均以男性居多,老年组BMI及颈腹围均小于中年组（P＜0．05）,而胸围大于中年组（P＞0．05）。老年组的临床症状如嗜睡、打鼾、晨起头痛、口干及夜间憋醒发生率均低于中年组,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0．05）,而并发症如高血压、糖尿病等患病率明显高于中年组,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。老年组OSAHS患病程度主要分布于轻中度,中年组主要分布于中重度,但差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05）。REM期AHI老年组大于中年组（P＜0．05）,AHI低于中年组（P＜0．05）;NREM Ⅰ＋Ⅱ期大于中年组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）;而NREM Ⅲ＋Ⅳ期、REM期、平均SaO2（％）、MAI小于中年组,LSAT（％）大于中年组,但差异均无统计学意义（P＞0．05）。结论老年OSAHS患者典型临床表现的发生率低于中年组,然而高血压、糖尿病等并发症患病率明显高于中年组,二者OSAHS严重程度相近,PSG监测结果与中年组存在差异,且REM期AHI与中年组差异明显。     

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征的治疗进展

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征是一种严重危害人们身体健康的疾病。手术与非手术两种治疗方案越来越受到人们的关注。笔者就该病的目前治疗状况作一综述。     

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征与高血压相关

目的：探讨阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征（OSAHS）患者与高血压的关系,了解OSAHS合并高血压的特点.方法：收集我院睡眠中心行多导睡眠（PSG）监测的患者177例,根据呼吸紊乱指数（AHI）分组：正常组（AHI＜5）27例,轻度组（5≤AHI≤20）40例,中度组（21≤AHI≤40）61例,重度组（AH＞40）49例,177例患者伴有高血压102例,不伴高血压75例.结果：各组间年龄差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;正常组与轻度组、中度组的AHI、夜间最低血氧饱和度（LSaO2）差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,重度组与其他3组AHI、LSaO2、BMI相比差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.各组高血压患病率差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.多因素logistic回归分析提示,AHI、LSaO2 、BMI与高血压存在相关性.结论：OSAHS与高血压密切相关.     

Correlation of Epworth Sleepiness Scale with multiple sleep latency test and its diagnostic accuracy in assessing excessive daytime sleepiness in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome

Background Excessive daytime sleepiness （EDS） is often associated with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome （OSAHS） and contributes to a number of comorbidities in these patients. Therefore, early detection of EDS is critical in disease management. We examined the association between Epworth Sleepiness Scale （ESS） and multiple sleep latency test （MSLT） and diagnostic accuracy of ESS in assessing EDS in OSAHS patients. Methods The ESS, MSLT and overnight polysomnography were administered to 107 Chinese patients to assess EDS and its correlations with polysomnographic parameters. The diagnostic accuracy of ESS in classifying EDS （mean sleep latency （MSL） 〈10 minutes） was evaluated by calculating the area under ROC curve. Results As the severity of OSAHS increased, MSL decreased with increase in ESS score. Conversely, patients with worsening EDS （shorter MSL） were characterized by advanced nocturnal hypoxaemia and sleep disruption compared to those with normal MSL, suggesting EDS is associated with more severe OSAHS. There was a negative correlation between ESS score and MSL and both moderately correlated with some polysomnographic nocturnal hypoxaemic parameters. The area under ROC curve of ESS for identifying EDS was 0.80 （95% CI： 0.71 to 0.88） and ESS score 〉12 provided the best predictive value with a sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 69%. Conclusion The ESS score moderately correlates with MSL and our ROC study supports ESS as a screening strategy for assessing EDS in OSAHS.     

Relationship between obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome and cardiovascular disorders in adult snorers

Objective:To investigate the relationship between sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS) and some cardiovascular disorders in adult habitual snorers as well as the effectiveness of nasal continuous positive airway pressure(NCPAP) on those with OSAHS.Methods:With the use of polysomnography,262 adult habitual snorers were examined and divided into the OSAHS group and the Non-OSAHS group (control).Using ambulatory electrocardiogram and blood pressure measurement,daily nocturnal rhythm of blood pressure,hypertension,heart rate variability,some arrythmias and angina pectoris of coronary heart disease were monitored and compared between the two groups,before and after 14 days of treatment with NCPAP in the OSAHS group.Results.This study indicated a higher incidence (39.6%) of OSAHS in adult snorers and demonstrated that there was a significantly higher incidence of hypertension,disappearance of the daily nocturnal rhythm of blood pressure,poor effectiveness of nitrate on angina pcctoris of coronary heart disease,decreased heart rate variability during sleep,increased arrythmias and lower SpO<,2> levels in the OSAHS group than in the Non-OSAHS group.After NCPAP treatment during sleep,snoring control,significantly higher SpO<,2> and lower apnea hypopnea indices were achieved in the OSAHS group;heart rate variability and dally nocturnal rhythm of blood pressure returned to normal levels.Conclusion:The results of this research suggested that there was a close relationship between the development of OSAHS and some cardiovascular disorders.Furthermore,NCPAP treatment was effective not only on OSAHS but also on coexisting cardiovascular disorders.     

OSAHS患者外周血Th1/Th2细胞比例变化及临床意义

目的 探讨阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)患者外周血Th1/Th2细胞比例变化及临床意义.方法 经多导睡眠图确诊OSAHS患者60例,按照呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)分为轻度OSAHS组(n=18),中度OSAHS组(n=22),重度OSAHS组(n=20).对照组为年龄、性别、BMI匹配,经多导睡眠监测除外OSAHS者20例.用流式细胞术检测各组Th1/Th2细胞比例并进行各组间比较.对OSAHS患者睡眠期AHI和Th1细胞比例进行相关性分析.结果 OSAHS组Th1比例明显高于对照组[(18.2±5.4)%和(12.5±3.8)%,P<0.05],其中重度OSAHS组增高较对照组尤为明显[(21.8±4.6)%和(12.5±3.8)%,P<0.01].OSAHS患者Th1细胞比例与AHI呈正相关(r=0.668,P<0.01).Th2比例差异在各组间均无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 OSAHS患者Th1细胞激活程度显著增高,且与OSAHS的严重程度相关.     

Correlation of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome with metabolic syndrome in snorers

Though obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome（OSAHS） and metabolic syndrome（MS） are correlated;the contributing factors for the occurrence of MS in Chinese snorers remain largely undefined.We aimed to investigate the associated pathogenesis of coexistence of OSAHS and MS in Chinese snorers.A total of 144 Chinese habitual snorers were divided into 3 groups,the control group（simple snorers）（n = 36）,the mild OSAHS group（n= 52）and the moderate-to-severe OSAHS group（n = 56）.The incidence of MS in the moderate-to-severe OSAHS group（26.8%） was significantly higher than that in the control group（8.3%）,the mild OSAHS group（11.1%） and all the OSAHS patients（19.45%）（all P 〈 0.05）.Homeostatic model assessment（HOMA） index and proinsulin（PI） were negatively correlated with nocturnal meanSpO2 and miniSpO2.Meanwhile,nocturnal SpO2 were negatively correlated with body mass index,waist and neck circumferences and diastolic blood pressure,but positively correlated with total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.The study indicated that in Chinese snorers,moderate-to-severe OSAHS was closely associated with MS via nocturnal hypoxemia.