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1.
Background Acute allograft rejection in heart transplantation remains as one of the major complications. Obligatory graft surveillance is still achieved with the invasive and expensive endomyocardial biopsy (EMB). Our study aimed to study the use of intramyocardial electrograms combined with other noninvasive methods for the monitoring of acute rejection after human heart transplantation. Methods Permanent pacemakers were implanted in 58 patients undergoing heart transplantations. Intramyocardial electrograms (IMEG) were recorded periodically and the results were compared with those from EMBs. The R wave amplitude of the IMEG was used as the index value, the average R wave amplitude at the third week following transplantation was considered as the baseline, and a reduction of 〉20% compared with the baseline was regarded as a positive result. EMB was performed in cases of positive IMEG results and also at other times. Other noninvasive methods were used to help the diagnosis. Acute rejection (AR) was defined as International Society of Heart-Lung Transplantation grade IliA or higher. Results We obtained 1231 IMEG records and 127 EMBs. Of the total 127 EMBs, 53 were positive, in which there were 42 IMEG positive results and 11 negative, while in the rest 74 negative EMBs, there were 9 IMEG positive results and 65 negative. The sensitivity of IMEG for the diagnosis of AR was 79.2%, and the specificity was 87.8%. The positive predictive value was 82.4% and the negative predictive value was 85.5%. Of the total of 1231 IMEG records, 51 were positive and 1180 were negative. Excluding 11 proved by EMB to be false negative, if the other 1169 were considered as no evidence of rejection, through the other noninvasive methods, AR diagnosed by this noninvasive monitoring strategy, the sensitivity was 79.2%, and the specificity was 99.2%. The positive predictive value was 82.4% and the negative predictive value was 99.1%. Conclusions IMEG can be used as a noninvasive method for monitoring AR following heart transplantation. It is a continuous, safe and inexpensive method, and could reduce the need for EMB combined with other noninvasive methods without reducing the detection of rejection. Chin Med J 2009; 122(2): 136-139  相似文献   

2.
Background Visceral pain is a common cause for seeking medical attention. Afferent fibers innervating viscera project to the central nervous system via sympathetic nerves. The lumbar sympathetic nerve trunk lies in front of the lumbar spine. Thus, it is possible for patients to suffer visceral pain originating from sympathetic nerve irritation induced by anterior herniation of the lumbar disc. This study aimed to evaluate lumbar discogenic visceral pain and its treatment. Methods Twelve consecutive patients with a median age of 56.4 years were enrolled for investigation between June 2012 and December 2012. These patients suffered from long-term abdominal pain unresponsive to current treatment options. Apart from obvious anterior herniation of the lumbar discs and high signal intensity anterior to the herniated disc on magnetic resonance imaging, no significant pathology was noted on gastroscopy, vascular ultrasound, or abdominal computed tomography (CT). To prove that their visceral pain originated from the anteriorly protruding disc, we evaluated whether pain was relieved by sympathetic block at the level of the anteriorly protruding disc. If the block was effective, CT-guided continuous lumbar sympathetic nerve block was finally performed. Results All patients were positive for pain relief by sympathetic block. Furthermore, the average Visual Analog Scale of visceral pain significantly improved after treatment in all patients (P 〈0.05). Up to 11/12 patients had satisfactory pain relief at 1 week after discharge, 8/12 at 4 weeks, 7/12 at 8 weeks, 6/12 at 12 weeks, and 5/12 at 24 weeks. Conclusions It is important to consider the possibility of discogenic visceral pain secondary to anterior herniation of the lumbar disc when forming a differential diagnosis for seemingly idiopathic abdominal pain. Continuous lumbar sympathetic nerve block is an effective and safe therapy for patients with discogenic visceral pain.  相似文献   

3.
Objective To assess diagnostic value of Wells and Geneva seales in patients with suspected pulmonary embolism(PE).Methods Clinical data of 958 consecutive cases of suspected PE admitted to Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital form January 1,1995 to January 1,2009,were analyzed retrospectively,and all patients were assessed with Wells and Geneva scales,respectively for likelihood of PE,as compared to those diagnosed by lung imaging Results Three hundred and forty-seven patients with PE were diagnosed with lung imaging as gold standard,sensitivity,specificity,and positive and negative predictive values for Wells scale and Geneva scale in diagnosis for PE were 82.4%,58.1%,52.8%and 85.3%.and 88.8%,55.3%,53.1%and 89.7%,respectively,with positive and negative likelihood ratios.Youden index and crude agreement of 1.97,0.30,0.41 and 0.21,and 1.99,0.20,0.44 and 0.25.respectively.Area under the receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve of Geneva scale(0.79)was significantly more than that of Wells scale(0.73)(Z=2.25,P<0.05).As compared to Wells scale,sensitivity and specificity for Geneva scale in diagnosis for PE was significantly higher(χ2=7.12 and 6.84,respectively,P<0.05).Conclusions Although there is a considerable gap in accuracy between clinical scales and lung imaging in diagnosis for PE.both Wells and Geneva scales can be used in clinical screening for PE to save unnecessary cost.however,Geneva scale is more practical and accurate than Wells scale,worthwhile to be popularized clinically.  相似文献   

4.
Objective To assess diagnostic value of Wells and Geneva seales in patients with suspected pulmonary embolism(PE).Methods Clinical data of 958 consecutive cases of suspected PE admitted to Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital form January 1,1995 to January 1,2009,were analyzed retrospectively,and all patients were assessed with Wells and Geneva scales,respectively for likelihood of PE,as compared to those diagnosed by lung imaging Results Three hundred and forty-seven patients with PE were diagnosed with lung imaging as gold standard,sensitivity,specificity,and positive and negative predictive values for Wells scale and Geneva scale in diagnosis for PE were 82.4%,58.1%,52.8%and 85.3%.and 88.8%,55.3%,53.1%and 89.7%,respectively,with positive and negative likelihood ratios.Youden index and crude agreement of 1.97,0.30,0.41 and 0.21,and 1.99,0.20,0.44 and 0.25.respectively.Area under the receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve of Geneva scale(0.79)was significantly more than that of Wells scale(0.73)(Z=2.25,P<0.05).As compared to Wells scale,sensitivity and specificity for Geneva scale in diagnosis for PE was significantly higher(χ2=7.12 and 6.84,respectively,P<0.05).Conclusions Although there is a considerable gap in accuracy between clinical scales and lung imaging in diagnosis for PE.both Wells and Geneva scales can be used in clinical screening for PE to save unnecessary cost.however,Geneva scale is more practical and accurate than Wells scale,worthwhile to be popularized clinically.  相似文献   

5.
Background Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) can sample the enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes which are unreachable by conventional bronchoscopy.It is a relatively simple and safe method to see beyond the bronchial tree.We describe and discuss its initial application and our experience.Methods From July 2009 to December 2009, 52 patients with undiagnosed enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes were accessed with EBUS-TBNA in the People's Liberation Army General Hospital.Conventional bronchoscopy was performed before EBUS-TBNA, and patients with endobronchial lesions were excluded from this study.Smears fixed in 95% alcohol and histological specimens fixed in formalin were sent to Department of Pathology.Results EBUS-TBNA was diagnostic in 33 (63%) patients, with diagnosis of lung cancer in 23 patients (14 patients of small cell lung cancer, eight patients with adenocarcinoma, and one patient of squamous carcinoma).Four patients, who had negative EBUS-TBNA results, were later diagnosed with malignancy at thoracotomy.One patient with negative EBUS-TBNA results died of cancer cachexia.The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive value of EBUS-TBNA for the diagnosis of neoplastic disease were 85%, 100%, 100%, and 50% respectively.Among the 16sarcoidosis patients, who were diagnosed by a combination of the clinical and radiological information as well as pathological results obtained by EBUS-TBNA, nine of them had granulomas and benign lymphoid cells detected by EBUS-TBNA.The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive value of EBUS-TBNA for the diagnosis of sarcoidosis were 56%, 100%, 100%, and 13%, respectively.Five patients with no definite diagnosis from EBUS-TNBA examination are under close follow-up.Conclusions EBUS-TBNA can provide a safe and effective method to sample mediastinal leisions suspected of malignancy.It also adds pathological information needed to make the diagnosis of sarcoidosis.  相似文献   

6.
Objective To validate our revised syndromic algorithms of the management of sexually transmitted diseases and determine their sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value and cost-effectiveness.Methods Patients with either urethral discharge,vaginal discharge or genital ulcer,were selected during their first visits to three urban sexually transmitted disease clinics in Fujian Province,China,They were managed syndromically according to our revised flowcharts.The etiology of the syndromes was detected by laboratory testing.The data were analyzed using EPI INFO V6.0 software.Results A total of 736 patients were enrolled into the study.In male patients with urethral discharge,the sensitivities for gonococcal and chlamydial infections were 96.7% and 100%,respectively,using the syndromic approach.The total positive predictive value was 73%.In female patients with vaginal discharge,the sensitivity was 90.8%,specificity 46.9%,positive predictive value 50.9%,and negative predictive value 89.3% for the diagnosis of gonorrhea and/or chlamydial infection by syndromic approach.In patients with genital ulcer,the sensitivities were 78.3% and 75.8%,specificities of 83.6% and 42.9%,and positive predictive values of 60.0% and 41.0% for the diagnosis of syphilis and genital herpes, respectively,using the syndromic approach,Cost-effectiveness analysis indicated that the average cost of treatment for a patient with urethral discharge was RMB 46.03 yuan using syndromic management,in comparison with RMB 149.19 yuan by etiological management.Conclusions The syndromic management of urethral discharge was relatively effective and suited clinical application.The specificity and positive predictive value for syndromic management of vaginal discharge are not satisfactory.The revised flowchart of genital ulcer syndrome could be suitable for use in clinical settings.Further validation and revision are needed for syndromic approaches of vaginal discharge and genital ulcer.  相似文献   

7.
Objective Symptomatic predictors of influenza could assess risks and improve decisions about isolation and outpatient treatment.To develop such predictors,we undertook a prospective analysis of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 and seasonal influenza (H3N2) in patients attending fever clinics.Methods From 1 May 2009 to 1 January 2010,all adult patients admitted to fever clinics for suspected influenza,confirmed by real time RT-PCR,were enrolled.Predictors of influenza virus infection were selected with logistic regression models.Measures of sensitivity,specificity,positive and negative likelihood ratios (LRs) were calculated to identify the best predictors.Results The clinical features and routine blood test results of influenza (H1N1) 2009 and seasonal influenza were similar.The positive and negative LRs of current US CDC influenza-like illness (ILI) criteria were modest in predicting influenza infection.Our modified clinic predictors improved the ability of the positive and negative LRs to recognize pandemic (H1N1) 2009 and seasonal influenza.The revised criteria are:fever ≥38℃ accompanied by at least one of the following—cough,arthralgia or relative lymphopenia.Conclusion Patients with symptoms and signs that meet the new criteria are likely to have influenza and timely antiviral therapy may be appropriate.In addition,physicians should ascertain if influenza is circulating within the community or if there is a contact history of influenza and combine this information with the newly developed criteria to clinically diagnose influenza.  相似文献   

8.
Background Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is considered to have high value in the staging of mediastinal lymph nodes in lung cancer. The current study was conducted to investigate the diagnostic value of EBUS-TBNA in intrapulmonary lesions located near the central airway. Methods From September 2009 to March 2013, 66 patients with pulmonary masses located close to the central airways suspected to be lung cancer were accessed by EBUS-TBNA. Conventional bronchoscopic biopsy before EBUS-TBNA was nondiagnostic in all cases. If EBUS-TBNA did not result in a formal pathological diagnosis of malignancy, patients were subsequently referred for a surgical procedure. ResuLts Among the 66 cases, 59 were confirmed as pulmonary malignancies by EBUS-TBNA, of which 48 cases were non-small cell lung cancer, nine were small cell lung cancer, and two were metastatic lung tumors. No evidence of malignancy was found by biopsy and histopathological examination in the other seven cases. Thoracoscopy or thoracotomy was subsequently undergone for them. Postoperative pathological examinations confirmed three cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the lung, one case of lymphoma, two cases of sclerosing hemangioma, and one case of pulmonary tuberculoma. The definitive diagnosis rate of EBUS-TBNA for intrapulmonary lesions near the central airway was 89.4%. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of EBUS-TBNA in distinguishing benign from malignant intrapulmonary lesions were 93.7%, 100.0%, and 93.9%, respectively. The positive and negative predictive values were 100.0% and 42.9%, respectively. The EBUS-TBNA procedures were well-tolerated by all patients. No associated complications were observed. Conclusions For intrapulmonary lesions near the central airway highly suspected of cancer, EBUS-TBNA has satisfactory diagnostic value. However, the negative predictive value of this technique is low, so negative results obtained by EBUSTBNA should be confirmed by other methods.  相似文献   

9.
Role of laparoscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of adnexal masses   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
Background Laparoscopy has been accepted for years as a management of benign ovarian tumors. The aim of this study was to estimate the feasibility and safety of laparoscopy in diagnosis and management of adnexal masses. Methods A total of 2083 patients with benign adnexal mass were treated by laparoscopy at Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2000 to December 2003. Their clinical data were reviewed retrospectively. All the adnexal masses suspicious of malignancy at the time of laparoscopy were sent for frozen section evaluation intraoperatively. The rates of unexpected intracystic vegetation and low malignant potential (LMP) tumor or malignancy were investigated. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of laparoscopic diagnosis for LMP or ovarian malignancies were calculated. The ratios were compared by Chi-square test and the continuous variables were tested using two-tailed t test. Results Of the 2083 patients, 16 had LMP or invasive tumors (0.77%), among which 14 were diagnosed histologically intraoperatively and 2 postoperatively. Fifty-five (2.6%) of the 2083 patients had unexpected intracystic vegetations. Their frozen sections showed benign tumors in 41 (74.5%), LMP tumors in 8 (14.5%), and focal invasive ovarian cancers (stage Ic) in 6 (10.9%). The final pathological diagnosis were benign tumors in 41 (74.5%), LMP tumors 7 (12.7%), and focal invasive ovarian cancers (stage Ic) in 7 (12.7%). Laparoscopy achieved a sensitivity of 87.5%, specificity of 98%, positive predictive value of 25.5%, and negative predictive value of 99.9% in the diagnosis of ovarian malignancies. 2067 cases with benign adnexal masses underwent laparoscopy successfully. No conversion to laparotomy, or intra- and postoperative complications in this series. Of the 16 patients with LMP or invasive ovarian cancer, seven underwent laparoscopic surgery including immediate staging laparoscopy in 3. The mean follow-up was 17.3 months for the 16 patients. Among them, 1 developed a recurrent LMP tumor in the contralateral ovary 36 months after laparoscopic salpingo-oophorectomy, and received subsequent laparoscopic cystectomy and pelvic lymph node sampling; the others had no evidence of recurrent tumor during the follow-up. Contusion Laparoscopy is feasible for diagnosis of adnexal masses, and the surgery is safe for patients with benign ovarian tumors.  相似文献   

10.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of the cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) T‐SPOT.TB test for the diagnosis of TB meningitis(TBM). A retrospective analysis of 96 patients with manifested meningitis was conducted; T‐SPOT.TB test was performed for diagnosing TBM to determine the diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value(PPV), and negative predictive value(NPV). A receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve was also drawn to assess the diagnostic accuracy. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of CSF T‐SPOT.TB test were 97.8%, 78.0%, 80.3%, and 97.5%, respectively, for 52 patients(54.2%) of the 96 enrolled patients. The area under the curve(AUC) was 0.910, and the sensitivities of CSF T‐SPOT.TB for patients with stages I, II, and III of TBM were 96.7%, 97.2%, and 98.9%, respectively. CSF T‐SPOT.TB test is a rapid and accurate diagnostic method with higher sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing TBM.  相似文献   

11.
腰椎间盘后缘高信号区在诊断椎间盘源性腰痛中的意义   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的 观察腰椎间盘后缘高信号区(HIZ)的发生率并探讨HIZ与下腰痛的关系.方法 统计1000例无选择腰椎MBI中HIZ发生率和200例有完整临床资料MBI中下腰痛组与无下腰痛组的HIZ发生情况.对11例16个HIZ椎间盘行CT椎间盘造影(CTD),观察CTD Dallas分级与疼痛诱发试验的关系.结果 腰椎间盘后缘HIZ发生率31.7%(317例),378个椎间盘.其中,L4、5和L5S1水平发生率最高(74.8%),HIz左侧(153个)多于右侧(94个),可发生于上(15.4%)、中(28.8%)、下缘(55.8%),多节段HIZ 54例(17.O%).200例HIZ中下腰痛者115例(57.5%),无下腰痛者85例(42.5%).CTD DallasⅢ级者疼痛诱发试验多为阴性(6/7),IV级者多为阳性(8/9).结论 HIZ有无腰痛与椎间盘纤维环退变程度有关,当CTD检查退变至Dallas IV级时多可出现腰痛.故HIZ仅提示椎间盘源性腰痛的可能性,确诊仍需辅以椎间盘造影.  相似文献   

12.
目的比较分析CT腰椎间盘造影及MRI对椎间盘源性腰痛的诊断价值。方法以2014年1月-2015年6月就诊的50例疑似椎间盘源性腰痛患者为研究对象,均行MRI、CT平扫及CT椎间盘造影(CTD)检查,比较MRI与CT椎间盘造影对Modic征、HIZ改变及纤维环破裂分型等诊断结果。结果CT椎间盘造影共80个,CTD分型:I型34个,II型22个,III型14个,IV型10个,其中一致性疼痛共31个(38.7%)。MRI上有纤维环后缘高信号区(HIZ)者15个,无HIZ者64个,HIZ对疼痛预测敏感度、特异度分别为29.0%、87.8%。CTD显示Modic征腰椎间盘共12个,其中一致性疼痛11个,不一致疼痛或不同1例。MRI上IV-V级椎间盘退变32个,其中CTD一致性疼痛26个(81.3%),MRI上IV-V级退变一致性疼痛率明显高于I-III级退变患者(P0.01)。结论CT椎间盘造影对椎间盘源性腰痛纤维环破裂情况可清晰显示,MRI典型影像征象为HIZ、IV-V级椎间盘退变,预测一致性疼痛与CTD分型关系有利于MRI进一步确定责任椎间盘。  相似文献   

13.
目的 研究椎间盘源性腰痛的自然病史和预后,以便更好地指导临床对该疾病的治疗.方法 从2003年12月至2004年11月,72例慢性腰痛患者经腰椎间盘造影术证明是椎间盘源性腰痛的患者,其中36例被随机分配进行亚甲蓝注射治疗,36例被椎间盘内注射盐水作为对照.这36例对照组患者作为本组的研究病例,观察他们的自然病史和预后.在腰椎间盘造影术前、术后6、12、24,48个月,用视觉疼痛评分比例尺(VAS)和Oswestry功能障碍问卷调查表对每个病人进行腰痛症状和腰椎功能障碍指数(ODI)分别评分.结果 36例患者中有32例得到4年的随访.4例(12.5%)腰痛症状明显减轻,1例(3.1%)有轻度改善,3例(9.4%)加重,22例(68.8%)没有改善但也没有加重.从腰椎间盘造影术前和术后6、12、24、48个月的VAS和ODI的评分看,有逐渐下降的趋势,但差异无统计学意义(VAS:F=3.049,P>0.05;ODI:F=2.272,P>0.05).结论 我们的研究发现,椎间盘源性腰痛的病程呈慢性持续性,腰痛症状不会随着时间的延长而逐渐好转.  相似文献   

14.
李捷一  钟炯彪  刘芳  曾琦芳  李波  罗超  陈识   《中国医学工程》2007,15(11):901-903
目的探讨等离子射频消融髓核成形术治疗椎间盘源性腰痛的临床效果。方法对38例诊断为椎间盘源性腰痛的患者采用了等离子消融髓核成形术,术前均先行椎间盘造影,探讨手术方法、比较手术前后疼痛症状并进行疗效评定。结果所有病例随访5~12个月,平均为7个月,术前VAS评分平均为7.3分,术后下降为2.1分(P<0.05),术后4个月随访时为2.5分(P<0.05),主观改善满意率为92.1%,无手术相关并发症发生。结论等离子射频消融髓核成形术治疗椎间盘源性腰痛近期效果满意,但手术适应证仍需严格控制。  相似文献   

15.
目的:探讨CT引导下经皮注射臭氧治疗椎间盘源性腰痛的疗效。方法:将52例椎间盘源性腰痛的患者按照引导方式的不同分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组采用CT引导下臭氧注射髓核消融术治疗,对照组使用传统椎间盘造影术治疗,随访至少3个月,对比两组患者平均手术时间、VAS评分、临床有效率及并发症。结果:两组患者平均手术时间和治疗前后的VAS评分比较有显著性差异(P<0.05),但临床有效率比较无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:臭氧注射是椎间盘源性腰痛的一种安全有效治疗方法,损伤小,并发症少。  相似文献   

16.
腰椎间盘磁共振正常的椎间盘源性腰痛   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
目的 研究MRI显示椎间盘正常信号强度但椎间盘造影显示纤维环破裂和存在疼痛复制反应的椎间盘源性腰痛特殊病例,并对其产生的原因和意义进行探讨.方法 2003年8月至2008年11月,慢性下腰痛且行腰椎间盘造影术病人288例.其中腰椎MRIT2加权显示正常信号强度,但椎间盘造影术显示纤维环撕裂和腰痛复制的病人12例.男7例、女5例.年龄20~44岁,平均29.6岁.病程8个月~3年,平均1.8年.应用Dallas CT椎间盘造影分级方法评估纤维环撕裂程度.结果 12例慢性腰痛但MRI显示正常信号强度的病人中,共行腰椎间盘造影33个椎间盘.12个病人12个椎间盘显示疼痛复制和纤维环撕裂,其中显示2级撕裂者3个,3级撕裂者9个.结论 对一些顽同性腰痛病人,保守治疗无效,提示是椎间盘源性的,但MRI检查正常需要行进一步治疗时,如行腰椎微创手术或腰椎融合术时,仍需考虑行腰椎间盘造影术,以确定疼痛的椎间盘.  相似文献   

17.
Sheng WB  Guo HL  Mai ED  Pu LT  Zhan YL  Jin GL  Deng Q  Zheng XF  Xun CH  Xu T  Tian J 《中华医学杂志》2010,90(45):3198-3202
目的 探讨单纯纤维环破裂是否为导致腰腿痛的原因及其临床特点和治疗.方法 2001年5月至2008年10月,对34例经保守治疗无效、MRI和CT显示无腰椎间盘突出的腰腿痛患者行电生理和腰椎间盘造影检查,诱发一致性疼痛反应并证实为纤维环破裂者,选择局限性开窗减压、髓核清理术.男15例,女19例,年龄32~72岁,平均45.6岁.病程6~120个月,平均25.8个月.采用日本骨科学会(JOA)下腰痛评分系统(15分)评价手术前、后临床症状、体征及括约肌功能;手术前、后腰腿痛情况行视觉疼痛自我评定尺(VAS)评估.结果 临床主要表现为腰腿痛、跛行和根性损害.X线和CT扫描缺乏特征性.MRI T2WI相显示相应节段椎间盘呈低信号、"黑间盘"或纤维环后方高信号区.EMG提示神经根性损害27例,阳性率79.4%,腓总神经传导速度异常7例,胫神经传导速度异常3例.椎间盘造影34例,38个椎间盘诱发并产生准确的疼痛复制,造影术后CT扫描示造影剂弥散于椎间盘内并通过纤维环裂隙进入椎管.术后随访6~37个月,平均17.4个月.本组术前JOA评分为8.7分,术后为13.5分,恢复率为76.2%;其中优18例,良12例,中3例,差1例,优良率为88.2%.术前腰腿痛VAS评分8.6分,术后2.8分,改善率82.5%.结论 单纯纤维环破裂所致神经根炎性损害是引起腰腿痛的重要原因.MRI和EMG对其诊断具有提示作用,腰椎间盘造影术是目前诊断和选择外科手术治疗的主要依据.局限性开窗减压,髓核清理术是治疗纤维环破裂所致神经根炎性损害简单而有效的方法.  相似文献   

18.
Management of chronic low back pain   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
Treatment for chronic low back pain (pain persisting for over 3 months) falls into three broad categories: monotherapies, mulitidisciplinary therapy, and reductionism. Most monotherapies either do not work or have limited efficacy (eg, analgesics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, muscle relaxants, antidepressants, physiotherapy, manipulative therapy and surgery). Multidisciplinary therapy based on intensive exercises improves physical function and has modest effects on pain. The reductionist approach (pursuit of a pathoanatomical diagnosis with the view to target-specific treatment) should be implemented when a specific diagnosis is needed. While conventional investigations do not reveal the cause of pain, joint blocks and discography can identify zygapophysial joint pain (in 15%-40%), sacroiliac joint pain (in about 20%) and internal disc disruption (in over 40%). Zygapophysial joint pain can be relieved by radiofrequency neurotomy; techniques are emerging for treating sacroiliac joint pain and internal disc disruption.  相似文献   

19.
后路椎体间或横突间融合治疗椎间盘源性下腰痛   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
Ma Y  Guo L  Cai X 《中华医学杂志》2001,81(20):1253-1255
目的 观察椎体间或横突间融合治疗椎间盘源性下腰痛的手术疗效。方法 经椎间盘造影检查,有32例患者被确诊为椎间盘源性下腰痛。其中17例行后路椎间盘切除椎体间cage植骨,15例行后路椎间盘切除横突间植骨RF内固定。术后随访2-4年,观察患者腰痛改善和腰推融合情况。结果 术后1年患者腰痛较术前平均改善者在椎间融合组为87%,横突融合组为76%。术后2年腰痛较术前平均改善者在椎间融合组为89%,横突融合组为81%。术后1年腰椎融合率在椎间融合组为88%,横突融合组均为87%。术后2年腰椎融合率在椎间盘融合组为92%,横突融合组均为90%。结论 后路椎体间cage植骨融合术治疗椎间盘源性下腰痛,术后近中期腰痛改善率优于经椎弓根固定横突间融合术。椎间融合治疗是治疗椎间盘源性下腰痛的首选术式。  相似文献   

20.
Radiologic investigation of low back pain.   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
Low back pain is one of the commonest disorders, yet is the most confusing. The cost in work-time lost and in the search for and treatment of its many causes amounts to billions of dollars annually. The traditional techniques for anatomic visualization have been plain-film radiography and myelography, but they have limitations. The development of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging have substantially improved anatomic imaging. However, invasive procedures, such as discography, percutaneous nerve-root blocking and percutaneous facet injection, may be helpful in patients with disabling pain in whom noninvasive methods give negative findings, show abnormalities that do not correlate with the symptoms or identify multiple sites of disease. The invasive procedures are believed by some to be associated with too many complications. We have attempted to clarify the strengths and weaknesses of the currently available methods of investigating low back pain and the indications for their use.  相似文献   

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