烟碱对大鼠海马脑片β1—肾上腺素能受体的影响

目的 研究烟碱对β1－肾上腺素能受体的作用。方法 将400μm厚的海马脑片置于预先经体积分数95％O2和5％CO2饱和的28℃人工脑脊液中孵育120min后加入烟碱，终浓度为10μmol/L ,分别于烟碱作用后30，60，90，120min，用半定量逆转录－聚合酶链反应和免疫印迹法检测大鼠海马脑片中β1－肾上腺素能mRNA表达明显增加，在60min时最为显著（P＜0．05）；蛋白水平的变化与基因表达变化有较好的一致性，但蛋白变化的高峰出现时间比mRNA晚，且变化幅度更大。结论 烟碱的急性刺激能使β1－AR肾上腺素能受体基因转录和蛋白表达上调，其变化规律提示烟碱不仅调控β1－肾上腺素能受体基因转录，同时也对β1－肾上腺素能受体转录后进行调控，最终导致β1－肾上腺素能受体蛋白水平升高。     

大鼠海马CA1区β-受体、长时程增强和学习记忆

在海马脑片上,激活CA1区β-肾上腺素能受体(β-受体)易化这一区域突触传递的长时程增强(LTP).然而,在体情况下CA1区β-受体是否参与LTP,是否参与海马依赖性的学习和记忆,尚无实验证据.为此,我们观察了β-受体激动剂异丙肾上腺素或拮抗剂心得安对在体CA1区LTP的调控作用以及对大鼠学习和记忆的影响.     

肾上腺素能药物对点燃大鼠海马CA1区群集锋电位的影响

在马桑内酯点燃早期和点燃达标7天后的大鼠海马CA1区,用玻璃微电极记录该区锥体细胞群集锋电位(PS),并观察滴加肾上腺素能受体激动剂至胞体层对PS的影响。实验结果表明:去甲肾上腺素(NE)5μmol/L使PS增高,NE50μmol/L使PS稍降低。使PS增高和降低的作用能分别被β和α受体拮抗剂阻断。α受体激动剂苯肾上腺素(PE)能使PS降低,β受体激动剂异丙肾上腺素(ISO)使PS增高。在点燃早期大鼠的海马脑片上,ISO5μmol/L仅使PS轻微增高,此效应明显低于对照组,提示β肾上腺素能受体激动后使PS增高的效应降低,可能有助于点燃的建立。     

吗啡孵育诱导大鼠脑片P糖蛋白表达增加

[摘要] 目的 观察吗啡孵育诱导新皮质和海马脑片后p糖蛋白(pgp)表达的变化。 方法 将大鼠脑新皮质和海马部分切成400 μm脑片，并随机分配到正常孵育组、吗啡孵育3 h组和吗啡孵育6 h组。新皮质和海马吗啡孵育3 h组在吗啡孵育6 h组之后于孵育液中加入吗啡。所有脑片人工脑脊液（含或不含10μmol∕L吗啡）内孵育6 h后，采用Western blot检测pgp表达量。 结果 正常孵育大鼠新皮质脑片pgp表达量显著高于海马脑片（p<0.05），新皮质脑片pgp表达量是海马脑片的（2.51±0.42）倍。大鼠新皮质脑片采用吗啡孵育3,6 h后pgp表达显著升高；海马脑片吗啡孵育3 h 后pgp表达有所升高，但差异无显著性（p>0.05），新皮质和海马脑片吗啡孵育6 h后pgp表达明显增加（p<0.05）。 结论 吗啡孵育大鼠离体新皮质和海马脑片可时间依赖性地诱导pgp表达增加，而且此增加呈现一定的脑区差异性；脑片可以作为研究调控pgp表达防治吗啡耐受的理想工具。 [关键词] 吗啡耐受 脑片 P糖蛋白 新皮质 海马     

乌鸡白凤丸对Aβ1-40诱导的大鼠海马神经元凋亡的保护作用

目的研究乌鸡白凤丸（BFP）对，β-淀粉样蛋白1-40（Aβ1-40）诱导体外培养大鼠海马神经元凋亡的保护作用以及可能的作用机制。方法体外培养新生Wistar大鼠海马神经元，MTT法检测不同浓度Aβ1-40m的细胞毒作用，选择出现显著细胞毒性的剂量为使用剂量。同时给予BFP（100mg／L）干预。用原位末端标记（TUNEL）法检测细胞凋亡情况，用半定量RT-PCR技术检测凋亡相关基因bcl-2、bax和caspase-3基因mRNA的表达水平。结果10μmol／L Aβ1-40。与海马神经元共孵育24h有明显的细胞毒作用，并可诱导神经元凋亡，加入BFP干预后凋亡指数降低。Aβ1-40可使bcl-2基因表达下调，bax基因表达上调，caspase-3基因的表达增强。加入BFP干预后，部分拮抗了Aβ1-40。诱导的bcl-2基因的表达变化，从而使caspase-3基因的表达降低。结论BFP可通过调控bcl-2／bax的比值、降低caspase-3基因mRNA的表达来阻断Aβ1-40所诱导的海马神经元凋亡，具有神经保护作用。     

H_2O_2对SD大鼠海马AMPA受体棕榈酰化水平的影响

目的研究H_2O_2对SD大鼠海马-氨基-3-羟基-5-甲基-4-异恶唑丙酸(AMPA)受体棕榈酰化水平的影响。方法用400 M H_2O_2孵育正常大鼠急性脑片后,分离海马组织;酰基生物素交换技术提取AMPA受体亚基GluA1、GluA2棕榈酰化蛋白;蛋白免疫印迹技术检测上述蛋白表达水平。结果与对照组相比,H_2O_2升高大鼠海马蛋白棕榈酰化总水平、Glu A1(P0.05)和Glu A2(P0.01)棕榈酰化水平。结论400 MH_2O_2可显著提高SD大鼠海马AMPA受体棕榈酰化水平。     

烟碱对AD大鼠海马αnAChR的影响及意义

目的探讨烟碱对阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer′s disease,AD)大鼠认知功能的作用及海马αnAChR的影响。方法采用海马部位注射建立Aβ25-35AD大鼠模型,用Morris水迷宫实验测定认知功能、免疫组化、Western blotting观察大鼠海马α7nAChR变化。结果烟碱AD组大鼠在Morris水迷宫试验中显示比对照组学习记忆能力增强。烟碱AD组海马α7nAChR蛋白含量及免疫阳性细胞数较AD组增加。结论烟碱可增加AD大鼠海马α7nAChR的表达,烟碱拮抗Aβ25-35的神经毒性作用与α7nAChR有关。     

11β-羟基类固醇脱氢酶-1在慢性温和应激抑郁大鼠海马组织中的表达

目的 应用慢性温和不可预知刺激( CUMS)建立抑郁症动物模型,探讨大鼠海马组织中11β-羟基类固醇脱氢酶-1(11β-HSD1)蛋白表达以及抑郁症的发病机制.方法 将24只Sprague-Dawley(SD)大鼠分为正常对照组和抑郁模型组,12只/组.建立CUMS模型后,分别采用体质量检测、糖水消耗和旷场试验评估大鼠行为学改变;采用实时荧光定量PCR方法检测大鼠海马组织11β-HSD1基因转录水平;采用组织免疫荧光和蛋白免疫印迹方法检测11 β-HSD1蛋白表达.结果 干预前,两组大鼠体质量和糖水消耗差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).干预后,CUMS组大鼠体质量、糖水消耗、水平得分和垂直得分均较对照组显著降低(P＜ 0.05,P＜0.01);与对照组相比,CUMS组大鼠海马11β-HSD1 mRNA转录水平下降(31±9)％,蛋白表达显著降低(P＜0.05),11β-HSD1免疫阳性细胞数[(92±11)个]较对照组[(223±13)个]明显下降,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论 慢性温和不可预知应激致大鼠产生抑郁行为并引起海马组织11 β-HSD1表达显著降低,其发生机制可能与体内11β-HSD1低表达及糖皮质激素代谢紊乱有关.     

β3肾上腺素能受体基因在肥胖大鼠神经肽Y Y5受体反义基因治疗中的作用

目的：探讨β3肾上腺素能受体基因在肥胖大鼠神经肽Y（NPY）Y5受体反义基因治疗中的作用。方法：建立高营养饮食诱导的肥胖大鼠模型，侧脑室插管后注射NPY Y5受体反义、错义寡核苷酸或生理盐水，测定肥胖大鼠的腹腔内脂肪组织湿重与血脂，并采用RT-PCR技术检测腹膜后脂肪组织中β3肾上腺素能受体基因的表达水平。结果：①高营养饮食诱导下肥胖模型大鼠的腹腔脂肪组织湿重与血脂水平均明显高于正常大鼠；②经NPY Y5受体反义寡核苷酸干预后，肥胖大鼠的腹腔脂肪组织湿重与血脂水平均明显降低，腹膜后脂肪组织中β3肾上腺素能受体基因的表达水平则显著高于肥胖对照大鼠。结论：侧脑室注射NPY Y5受体反义寡核苷酸可显著降低肥胖大鼠的体脂、血脂，其机制可能与腹膜后脂肪组织β3肾上腺素能受体基因的表达上调有关。     

经前期综合征肝气逆证模型大鼠海马γ-氨基丁酸A受体β2亚基mRNA表达

目的探讨大鼠海马γ-氨基丁酸A受体(GABAA受体)β2亚基mRNA表达的变化与经前期综合征肝气逆证的关系。方法采用半定量RT-PCR基因扩增技术对正常组、经前期综合征肝气逆证模型组和白香丹胶囊给药组大鼠海马中GABAA受体β2亚基的表达变化进行检测。结果与正常组大鼠相比,模型组大鼠海马GABAA受体β2亚基mRNA表达显著升高(P<0.05),调肝方药白香丹胶囊干预能改变该受体表达水平异常升高的状态。结论经前期综合征肝气逆证的发病机制与海马GABAA受体β2亚基有关。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.     

TCM Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Tonifying the Kidney and Strengthening the Governor Vessel

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic and progressive disorder with inflammation mainly involving the central axis joints. It mainly affects the cervical spine and the lumbosacral area, with the pathogenesis closely related to the kidney and the Governor Vessel (GV). TCM holds that the syndrome is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality, which is due to insufficiency of the kidney, deficiency of GV, and blocking of the channels with the invasion of exogenous evil, leading to poor circulation of qi and blood and malnutrition of the bones, muscles and joints. The TCM method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening GV to regulate circulation of qi and blood and check the arthralgia pain should be adopted, with the Kidney-Tonifying and GV Strengthening Decoction (益肾强督汤) prescribed.     

IMPROVING P-gp EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN VITRO TRANSFECTED BY MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-1 mRNA

CHEMOTHERAPY playsa greatrolein the treat- ment of malignanttumors,especiallyingynecolo- gicalones.But inanticancerchemotherapy,leuko-cytopeniaisfrequentlytheprimarydose-limitingsideeffect factor.Moreover,cancersarefrequentlychemoresistantbe-causeof overexpressionof P-glycoprotein(P-gp), which isencodedby multidrugresistancegene (MDR1 ) and detectableinup to50% ofhuman cancersand renderscellsresistancetoanticancerdrugs.The safetyand potentialtherapeuticbenefitof mdr1 gene transferredto h…