瑞芬太尼联合氯诺昔康用于全麻患者苏醒期清醒无痛拔管

目的研究瑞芬太尼、氯诺昔康单独或联合应用于全麻患者能否在苏醒期清醒、无痛拔管。方法选取颌面部手术患者60例，美国麻醉医师协会（ASA）分级Ⅰ～Ⅱ级，随机分为4组（n＝15）。Ⅰ组，术毕停用瑞芬太尼；Ⅱ组，术毕瑞芬太尼减量至0.05μg/(kg·min)，拔管后即停药；Ⅲ组，诱导前20min、术毕前30min分别静注氯诺昔康8mg，瑞芬太尼术毕即停药；Ⅳ组，诱导前20min、术毕前30min分别静注氯诺昔康8mg，术毕瑞芬太尼减量至0.05μg/(kg·min)，拔管后即停药。观察记录患者苏醒期有无呛咳、躁动，呼唤睁眼时间、拔管时间，术毕、拔管即刻、拔管后5、10min血压（BP）、心率（HR），拔管后5、10min疼痛评分采用语言评价量表（VRS）。结果Ⅱ、Ⅳ组患者呛咳发生率均明显低于Ⅰ组（P＜0.05），睁眼时间和拔管时间均比Ⅰ组稍延长（P＜0.05）。Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ组拔管即刻、拔管后5min BP和HR均低于Ⅰ组（P＜0.05或P＜0.01），Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组在拔管后10min BP和HR仍低于Ⅰ组（P＜0.05或P＜0.01），Ⅳ组患者各时间点的BP、HR无明显差异（P＞0.05）。Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ组拔管后5min VRS评分均低于Ⅰ组（P＜0.05）。Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组拔管后10?min VRS评分低于Ⅰ组或Ⅱ组（P＜0.05或P＜0.01）。结论瑞芬太尼或氯诺昔康单独应用均可降低全麻苏醒期不良反应；二者联合应用可在患者清醒、无痛条件下安全拔管。     

氯诺昔康预防气管拔管不良反应的临床观察

目的 观察氯诺昔康预防气管拔管不良反应。方法 60例静吸复合麻醉下的手术患者,关腹膜后停用麻醉维持药,A组静脉给予氯诺昔康16mg,B组静脉注入曲马多100mg,C组静注生理盐水2mL。监测不同时点的平均动脉压（MAP）、HR和SpO2,并记录停止全麻维持药至拔除气管导管时间、清醒时间、出手术室时间及拔管时是否躁动和恶心、呕吐等。结果 16mg氯诺昔康和100mg曲马多均能有效预防气管拔管期的不良反应,组间差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论 氯诺昔康能有效预防气管拔管的不良反应,减少苏醒期躁动,不影响苏醒时间,值得临床推广。     

氯诺昔康用于术毕镇痛的效果分析

目的观察氯诺昔康于开胸术毕加强镇痛的疗效。方法选择40例单纯全麻开胸患者随机分为两组．麻醉前及关胸时静脉用药，Ⅰ组（n=20）静注氯诺昔康8mg，Ⅱ组（n=20）静注0．9％氯化钠2ml。观察指标为躁动评分、Ramsay镇静评分、BCS舒适评分、心率、平均动脉压及不良反应。观察时间点为：麻醉前、术毕清醒时、气管拔管时、拔管后5min和10min。结果与麻醉前各值比较，拔管时心率、平均动脉压各组明显升高（P〈0．05），5min后恢复到麻醉前水平；术毕清醒时、拔管后10min，Ⅰ组与Ⅱ组相比，躁动显著减少（P〈0．05）；Ⅰ组与Ⅱ组相比。镇静差异无显著性（P〉0．05）；Ⅰ组比Ⅱ组舒适（P〈0．05）；两组都无明显恶心、呕吐。结论氯诺昔康可加强单纯全麻开胸术毕苏醒期患者镇痛，防治苏醒期躁动。     

曲马多用于预防全麻恢复期躁动的临床观察

目的 观察曲马多对全麻苏醒期躁动的疗效。方法 90例ASA Ⅰ-Ⅱ级成年患者,实施异氟醚静吸 复合插管全麻。双盲随机分为3组,术毕缝皮前30分钟静脉用药。Ⅰ组为对照组(用注射用水2ml),Ⅱ组用可塞 风8mg,Ⅲ组用曲马多2mg／kg。观察指标为躁动评分,Ramsay镇静评分,VAS镇痛评分及心率、平均动脉压。观察 时点为:麻醉前(T1),用药后15min(T2),用药后30min(T3),拔管时(T4),拔管后5min(T5),拔管后10min(T6), 拔管后15min(T7)。结果 拔管时及拔管后心率、平均动脉压Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组比Ⅰ组低(P<0.05)。镇静方面:Ⅰ组与Ⅱ 组、Ⅲ组相比,拔管后有显著差异(P<0.05),拔管后15minⅡ组与Ⅲ组相比有显著差异(P<0.05)。镇痛方面:Ⅱ组、 Ⅲ组明显优于Ⅰ组(P(0.05)。结论 曲马多、可塞风可用于防止全麻苏醒期躁动,但曲马多更有效。     

氯诺昔康联合喉罩在预防老年患者腹腔镜胆囊切除术苏醒期躁动中的应用

目的探讨氯诺昔康联合喉罩对老年患者腹腔镜胆囊切除术苏醒期躁动的防治作用。方法将60例择期接受腹腔镜胆囊切除术的老年患者随机分成气管插管组、喉罩组及氯诺昔康联合喉罩组,每组20例。其中,气管插管组与喉罩组患者于手术前20min静脉给予生理盐水10mL,氯诺昔康联合喉罩组在手术前20min静脉给予氯诺昔康8mg(用生理盐水稀释至10mL)。采用平均动脉压(MAP)、心率、脉搏血氧饱和度(SpO2)监测、躁动评分、镇静评分观察麻醉诱导前、拔管前、拔管时、拔管后10min患者的躁动情况。结果喉罩组及氯诺昔康联合喉罩组患者的躁动评分较气管插管组低(P<0.05);喉罩组及氯诺昔康联合喉罩组患者的镇静评分较气管插管组高(P<0.05);气管插管组和喉罩组患者在拔管前、拔管时、拔管后3个时间点的生命体征较麻醉诱导前波动大(P<0.05),而氯诺昔康联合喉罩组各时间点波动不明显(P>0.05);喉罩组及氯诺昔康联合喉罩组患者各时间点生命体征的波动较气管插管组平稳(P<0.05),而氯诺昔康联合喉罩组患者的生命体征则更为平稳(P<0.05)。结论氯诺昔康联合喉罩可有效预防老年患者腹腔镜胆囊切除术苏醒期躁动的发生。     

曲马多、利多卡因气管内用药预防全麻拔管心血管反应

目的 探讨曲马多和利多卡因经气管内联合给药预防吸入全麻气管拔管期心血管反应的疗效.方法 60例吸入全麻患者随机分入Ⅰ组(对照组)、Ⅱ组(利多卡因组)、Ⅲ组(曲马多组)和Ⅳ组(曲马多+利多卡因组),每组15例.自主呼吸频率＞12次/min、潮气量＞4 ml/kg时给予气管内用药.记录术前、拔管时、拔管后2、5分钟的SBP、DBP、MAP、HR,记录术后发生躁动例数.结果 与对照组比较,利多卡因组的HR、曲马多组的MAP和曲马多+利多卡因组的HR、MAP在拔管即刻和拔管后2 min差别显著,P＜0.05;与术前比较,曲马多组的HR和对照组的HR、MAP在拔管即刻和拔管后2 min差别显著,P＜0.05,利多卡因组的MAP在拔管即刻差别显著,P＜0.05.四组躁动发生率差异显著,P＜0.05.结论 曲马多1 mg/kg和利多卡因1 mg/kg气管内联合给药能较好地控制吸入全麻气管拔管期的心血管反应.     

可乐定与曲马多抑制气管拔管期反应作用的比较

目的 观察比较曲马多、可乐定抑制全麻患者气管导管拔管反应的效果。 36例患者随机分为3组，Ⅰ组为对照组，Ⅱ组为曲马多50mg组，Ⅲ组为可乐定50μg组。关腹、停用维持用麻醉药时，Ⅰ组立即静脉注射生理盐水10ml，Ⅱ组立即静脉注射曲马多50mg,Ⅲ组立即静脉注射可乐定50μg。在围拔管期中，观察血压、呼吸、循环评分、呼吸评分、清醒时间和躁动发生情况。结果 与术前相比，拔管时、拔管后2min Ⅰ组患者血压明显升高而Ⅲ组患者血压明显下降（P＜0.05)。与对照组比较，Ⅱ，Ⅲ组在拔管时、拔管后2min血压、循环评分和呼吸评分明显优于Ⅰ组，在拔管后5min的意识评分和肢动评分较Ⅰ组低（P＜0.05)。与Ⅱ组比较，Ⅲ组患者在拔管时、拔管后2min的平均动脉压和心率较低（P＜0.05)，其中3例出现明显的低血压及低心率，经处理后恢复正常。Ⅱ组清醒时间较其余两组显著延长（P＜0.05)；Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组拔管时患者躁动的发生率较Ⅰ组的低（P＜0.05)，拔管时间比较差异无显著性（P＜0.05)。结论 50mg曲马多比50μg可乐定更适用于全麻围拔管期，以抑制拔管反应。     

喷他佐辛用于全麻苏醒期的临床效果

目的 观察喷他佐辛用于全麻苏醒期的临床效果.方法 择期行插管全麻手术者90例(ASA Ⅰ～Ⅱ级),随机分为生理盐水对照组(A)、氯诺昔康组(B)和喷他佐辛组(C),每组30例,依次分别于手术结束前30 min静注生理盐水2 ml、氯诺昔康0.2 mg/kg、喷他佐辛0.5 mg/kg.记录三组麻醉前(T1)、拔管时(T2)、拔管后5 min (T3)的心率(HR)和平均动脉压(MAP),T2的躁动评分、T3的Ramsay镇静和疼痛评分以及从手术结束至拔管的时间.结果 三组T2的HR和MAP均较T1明显升高(P＜0.05);A组T3的HR和MAP较T1明显升高(P＜0.05);B、C组T2、T3的HR和MAP均明显低于A组(P＜0.05);B、C组T2的躁动评分明显低于A组(P＜0.05);B、C组T3镇静和疼痛评分明显优于A组(P＜0.05);C组镇静评分明显优于B组(P＜0.05).结论 手术结束前30 min静脉注射喷他佐辛不影响拔管时间,全麻术后的苏醒质量较高.     

氯诺昔康联合瑞芬太尼在全麻围拔管期中的应用

目的探讨氯诺昔康联合瑞芬太尼在全麻围拔管期的应用及预防心血管反应的效果。方法选择全麻下行开胸、开腹手术患者60例,随机分为A、B两组,每组30例。麻醉苏醒期用药,A组:术毕即停用瑞芬太尼。B组:术毕前30min静脉注射氯诺昔康8mg,瑞芬太尼术毕减量至0.05～0.1μg/(kg.min),自主呼吸开始恢复后即停药。观察苏醒期有无躁动、呛咳,从术毕起记录呼唤睁眼时间、拔管时间,拔管后采用视觉模拟评分法(VAS=10cm)对发生疼痛程度评估。记录诱导前、术毕前10min、拔管前3min及拔管后3min两组患者收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、心率(HR)、收缩压和心率乘积(RPP)。结果A组患者躁动、呛咳发生率、拔管后VAS评分明显高于B组;A组患者术后拔管时间短于B组;两组患者呼唤睁眼时间差异无统计学意义。B组拔管前后心血管反应较轻,SBP、DBP、HR、RPP与诱导前相比差异无统计学意义,A组上述参数显著增高。结论氯诺昔康联合瑞芬太尼能有效减少苏醒期内躁动、呛咳等不良反应,有效降低全麻围拔管期的心血管反应。     

地佐辛对预防腹腔镜胆囊切除术全麻苏醒期躁动的观察

目的:观察地佐辛对预防腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)全麻苏醒期躁动的有效性和安全性。方法:择期在全麻下行LC患者90例(ASAⅠ~Ⅱ级)随机分为Ⅰ~Ⅲ组,依次分别于手术结束前30 min静注NS 2 mL、氯诺昔康0.2 mg/kg、地佐辛0.1 mg/kg(每组30例)。记录3组麻醉前(T1)、拔管时(T2)、拔管后5 min(T3)的HR和平均动脉压(MAP),T2的躁动评分、T3的Ramsay镇静和疼痛评分以及从手术结束至拔管的时间。结果:3组T2的HR和MAP均较T1明显升高(P<0.05);Ⅰ组T3的HR和MAP较T1明显升高(P<0.05),Ⅱ、Ⅲ组比无统计学意义。Ⅱ、Ⅲ组T2、T3的HR和MAP均明显低于Ⅰ组(P<0.05);Ⅲ组T2、T3的HR和MAP与Ⅱ组比无统计学意义。Ⅱ、Ⅲ组T2的躁动评分明显低于Ⅰ组(P<0.05),Ⅱ和Ⅲ组比无统计学意义。Ⅱ、Ⅲ组T3的镇静和疼痛评分明显优于Ⅰ组(P<0.05);Ⅲ组镇静评分明显优于Ⅱ组(P<0.05),Ⅱ、Ⅲ组疼痛评分比无统计学意义。3组从手术结束至拔管时间比无统计学意义。结论:地佐辛能有效、安全地预防LC全麻苏醒期躁动。     

Acupuncture Treatment of Vomiting

CASE HISTORY A female patient, 46 years old, head of the foreign affairs department of a certain university in Beijing, paid her first visit on October 9, 2006, with the chief complaint of vomiting for one month. She got vomiting after meals in early September. Before that, she had discomfortable sensation in the stomach due to angry with others, but she didn't pay much attention. Later, it developed into vomiting after eating. After the vomiting, the discomfort would be relieved, but with slight hypodynamia. She was once diagnosed as having 'neurogenic vomiting'. Having taken some western and Chinese drugs, the above symptoms were a little bit improved, but she would have nausea upon eating and with regurgitation. Because of the fear for vomiting, she did not dare to have food intake, with body weight reduction of 6 kilos in one month.     

Qiu Baoguo''''s Experience in Treating Consumptive Syndromes after Radio-Chemotherapies

Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the important modern medical therapies for malignant tumors,yet they can also bring about serious local and systemic toxic side reactions so to decrease the patient;'s life quality,manifested by a series of consumptive symptoms.Having engaged in the combined work of Chinese and western medicine for nearly 50 years,the research fellow Qiu Baoguo in Henan Provincial Academy of TCM has developed his unique views on the TCM study of consumptive syndromes.The author of this essay had once the fortune tO follow Dr.Qiu in clinic,and specially would like to introduce in the following Dr.Qiu's experience in treating consumptive syndromes after radio-chemotherapies for patients with malignant tumor.     

Insomnia Due to Deficiency of Both the Heart and Spleen Treated by Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Chinese Tuina

OBJECTIVE: To observe therapeutic effects of the comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen. METHODS: 92 cases were divided randomly into the treatment group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina) and the control group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion). RESULTS: The therapeutic effect of the treatment group was obviously superior to that of the control group (the CHI2 test showed P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina can give marked therapeutic effects for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen.     

Analysis of CK-19,PDX-1,Nestin,Ngn3 in different donor islet purity in rats

Objective: To investigate if there are the CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 positive cells in the donor islets of different purity in rats. Methods: Thirty male adult SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups. Islets were isolated using digestion by ductal injection of collagenase. Group Ⅰ (n=10): Separating cell preparations were not purified, Group Ⅱ(n=10): Islet sediment was purified with 25% Ficoll400 ,Group Ⅲ (n=10): Islet sediment was purified with 25% and 11% Ficoll-400. The levels of protein of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin and Ngn3 were detected by immunohistochemistry and the mRNA of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 was amplified by RT-PCR. Results: After two different purification methods applied, three islet preparations of different purities were obtained. The difference of islet purity was significant among various groups (P＜0.05). Compared with group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ,the protein and mRNA of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin,Ngn3 were both higher in group Ⅰ; group Ⅲ was poorly expressed. Conclusions: The three different islet purity donor islet have different CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 positive cells within them, indicating that there are some islet stem cells in the purified donor islet.     

A preliminary screening study on the associated proteins in human psoriasis vulgaris by serum proteomics technologies

Objective：To investigate the optimum screening conditions of associated proteins in human psoriasis vulgaris by serum proteomics technique, and to screen the different expression proteins related with psoriasis vulgaris. Methods：Serum samples of peripheral blood were collected from newly diagnosed psoriasis vulgaris patients in the clinic, and 20 matched healthy persons. Serum albumin IgG was removed by filtering with ProteoExtract Albumin/IgG. After comparative proteomics analysis the different protein spots were identified using 2-DE and MS. Results ：Electrophoresis figures with high resolution and reproducibility were obtained. Three different expression proteins were found only in the serum from psoriasis vulgaris patients, while nine other different proteins expressing from healthy volunteers. Conclusion：The protein expression was different in the serum between the psoriasis vulgaris patients and healthy volunteers. It was hoped that we could find the biomarkers related to psoriasis vulgaris by using proteomics.     

A CASE OF HUGE GASTRIC DISOPYROBEZOAR

PYTOBEZOARS are common bezoars in gastrontestinal tract, commonly seen in stomach and mall intestine,1but huge disopyrobezoars are     

Acupuncture Treatment of Chest Bi Syndrome

CASE HISTORY A male,a retired officer of 61 years old,paid his first visit on May 12,2006.The patient stated that 2 weeks before he suddenly got paroxysmal precordial choking pain,with irregular attacks.Each attack would last several seconds to several minutes.The attack was accompanied with heavy oppressed sensation in the precordial region,palpitation,lassitude,and in severe cases,sweating,which was once diagnosed by a hospital as'coronary heart disease'.Recalling the case history,the patient said that several days before he got angry with others because of some affairs in work,and he was not so used to the life pattern since he had just retired from his busy working post.At usual times,he was quick tempered and peevish.In recent days,he had poor appetite,and loose stool.     

Instructions to Contributors

The English edition of Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine is edited and published by the Chinese Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine Press.Original scientific papers of advanced clinical and experimental medicine in the field of complementary/alternative medicine or integrative medicine are expected.