萃取法回收水厂污泥中铝的技术研究Ⅱ.浆液萃取法

以水厂污泥为原料,二-(2-乙基己基)磷酸为萃取剂,煤油为稀释剂,研究了浆液萃取铝回收技术。结果表明:含固率为5%的浆液直接采用P204-煤油萃取,在pH=5.0、cP204=0.5 mol/L、相比(VO∶VA)为1∶1的条件下,铝萃取率可达96.9%以上,萃取剂回收率达到98%以上。以5 mol/L硫酸作为反萃剂,相比5∶1的条件下经3级反萃,可回收97.6%的铝,且反萃液符合液态商品硫酸铝的质量标准,可作为混凝剂利用。     

溶剂萃取法从氯化锌溶液中除铁(Ⅲ)

实验发现的协萃混合物[二(2-乙基己基)膦酸和2-乙基已基膦酸的煤油混合物]对于从氯化锌溶液中萃取铁(Ⅲ)具有相当高的选择性。本文主要研究了稀释剂、水相酸度、接触时间、温度及反萃剂浓度等参数对铁(Ⅲ)萃取和反萃取的影响。其最佳工艺条件为:水相酸度pH=0.5:萃取和反萃取温度为30～40℃;反萃剂盐酸浓度为6mol/L;萃取和反萃取级数分别为2～3级和3～4级。此外,测定了有机混合物的最大载荷(35.22g/L)及萃取剂的循环使用的效率同题。最后对协萃的机理进行了初步探讨,得出了协萃图,算出了协萃系数(R=3.82)。     

溶剂萃取法提取羟基乙酸

以三烷基氧膦（ＴＲＰＯ）为萃取剂，磺化煤油为稀释剂，考察了文题的影响因素。确定了萃取过程的最佳工艺条件：萃取剂组成５０％ＴＲＰ０－５０％磺化煤油；室温；初始水相的ｐＨ值１－３。负载有机相中的羟基乙酸可有去离了水反萃，９０℃下一次反萃率可达７３．４％。依实验确定的萃取及反萃平衡等温线，可得到萃取及反萃的理论级数分别为５和７级。ＴＲＰＯ萃取羟基乙酸为一放热反应，萃取反应的热效应为－１４．８ｋｊ／ｍｏｌ     

协同萃取法从湿法磷酸中分离铁

发现了P538与P204的混合溶剂对文题有很强的协同效应。研究了该体系的萃取行为和性质,考察了混合溶剂的配比、磷酸浓度、两相接触时间、温度等因素对萃取行为的影响,从而确定了分离的最佳工艺条件:温度298K;平衡时间420s;溶剂配比为等摩尔的P538与P204及含40(v)%煤油;相比为1/2,2级逆流萃取;反萃取为:反萃余相浓度(?)=4.4kg/m~3,相比为1,温度298K,盐酸浓度为6kmol/m~3,理论级数为3级。初步研究了该协萃体系的萃取机理,萃合比为2。     

硫脲反萃取季铵盐负载有机相中金、银、铜

硫脲对金、银、铜的反萃取能力和体系的酸度有关。利用此特点,通过调节体系酸度并采用分段反萃取可达到金与银、铜的基本分离。反萃取过程的适宜工艺条件为:温度60℃;反应时间大于5min;流比1/3;硫脲浓度1.2mol/L;酸度0.5mol/L HCl(反萃液Ⅰ)和1.5mol/L HCl和(反萃液Ⅱ)。负载有机相经两段共五级逆流反萃取后,金、银、铜的反萃率均达99.8%以上。将反萃体系在高流比混合澄清器中进行小规模生产性试验,结果与模拟平衡值相近,级效率达95%。用电沉积法将硫脲液中金和银、铜按不同的槽电压进行分离,所得硫脲贫液经调整后可返回反萃体系,反萃能力不受影响。     

溶剂萃取法提取衣康酸

研究了磷氧类萃取剂对稀水溶液中衣康酸的萃取行为,考察了溶剂配比、料酸浓度、操作温度等因素的影响。测定并关联了相平衡数据,证实萃合物为H_2Ita·(TBP)_2·H_2O。对于浓度约为40g/L的衣康酸发酵液,建议用50%TBP-ker为萃取剂,在室温(298 K)下萃取,反萃取用353 K热水。     

磷钨杂多酸的萃取

实验获知,N,N-二(1-甲基庚基)-乙酰胺(N503)的萃取效果优于醇、酮类萃取剂;有机相中加入长碳链酸性含磷萃取剂(OA-4),显示了一定的协萃效应。以5份N503-10份OA-4-20份TBP-65份磺化煤油(体积比)为萃取体系,在[HCl]=5mol/L,相比1∶1,[WO_3]_(2)=50.11g/L,W/P=11.9时,进行文题研究,结果表明:D_W≈1.16×10~3,用2mol/L氨水反萃,单级反萃率≈60%。初步探讨了协萃机理,在[HCl]=4～6mol/L时,N503-OA-4萃取磷钨酸为离子缔合萃取。N503质子化后,与磷钨杂多酸根阴离子缔合,OA-4则作为配位体进入协萃络合物以降低络合物的亲水性,进一步提高分配比。其协萃络合物的组成认为是(?)_2~+·[HPW_(12)O_(40)]~(2-)·(HA)     

石油亚砜萃取钼(Ⅵ)的研究

石油亚砜是一种低毒、价廉的萃取剂。本文对石油亚砜对钼(Ⅵ)的萃取条件和反萃取条件以及萃取的机理进行了研究。结果表明,在室温下,石油亚砜对pH=1.0-2.0、钼(Ⅵ)浓度为0.01-0.1 M的一级萃取率E(%)达到90%以上;一级反萃率也在90%以上;乳化问题亦获得完满解决。经对萃取机理的初步研究,可以认为石油亚砜萃取铝(Ⅵ)是属于离子缔合型萃取体系,被萃物为:     

石油亚砜萃取柠檬酸的研究

我国某油田的柴油硫醚主体是五元及六元单环硫醚的混合物。该石油硫醚氧化所得产物,经分析研究证实为亚砜,能萃取柠檬酸,以氢键和柠檬酸形成萃合物。萃取平衡是个放热反应。△H为-5.213kJ/mol。80%石油亚砜甲苯溶液对柠檬酸水溶液(浓度为67g/L,含NaCl 60g/L)进行四级错流萃取(相比1:1,20℃),萃取率为99%,高于相同条件下磷酸三丁酯的萃取率。以6%NaCl水溶液对柠檬酸浓度为35.4g/L的80%石油亚砜甲苯液进行四级错流反萃(相比1:1,20℃),反萃率为94%。石油亚砜萃取含Ca~(2+)、Mg~2和Fe~(3+)的柠檬酸时能选择性萃取柠檬酸,但Fe~(3+)能同时被萃取。     

溶剂萃取法提取氨基酸

以二（２－乙基己基）磷酸（Ｐ２０４）为萃取剂，从沉淀胱氨酸后的毛发水解母液中提取复合氨基权。萃取过程的最佳工艺条件为：萃取剂组成Ｐ２０４（０．７５）－磺化煤油（０．１５）－乙基己醇（０．１０），室温，初始水相的ｐＨ值为２．５；用去离子水反萃取，萃取及反萃取的理论级数分别为８级和９级。     

Acupuncture Treatment of Vomiting

CASE HISTORY A female patient, 46 years old, head of the foreign affairs department of a certain university in Beijing, paid her first visit on October 9, 2006, with the chief complaint of vomiting for one month. She got vomiting after meals in early September. Before that, she had discomfortable sensation in the stomach due to angry with others, but she didn't pay much attention. Later, it developed into vomiting after eating. After the vomiting, the discomfort would be relieved, but with slight hypodynamia. She was once diagnosed as having 'neurogenic vomiting'. Having taken some western and Chinese drugs, the above symptoms were a little bit improved, but she would have nausea upon eating and with regurgitation. Because of the fear for vomiting, she did not dare to have food intake, with body weight reduction of 6 kilos in one month.     

Qiu Baoguo''''s Experience in Treating Consumptive Syndromes after Radio-Chemotherapies

Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the important modern medical therapies for malignant tumors,yet they can also bring about serious local and systemic toxic side reactions so to decrease the patient;'s life quality,manifested by a series of consumptive symptoms.Having engaged in the combined work of Chinese and western medicine for nearly 50 years,the research fellow Qiu Baoguo in Henan Provincial Academy of TCM has developed his unique views on the TCM study of consumptive syndromes.The author of this essay had once the fortune tO follow Dr.Qiu in clinic,and specially would like to introduce in the following Dr.Qiu's experience in treating consumptive syndromes after radio-chemotherapies for patients with malignant tumor.     

Insomnia Due to Deficiency of Both the Heart and Spleen Treated by Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Chinese Tuina

OBJECTIVE: To observe therapeutic effects of the comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen. METHODS: 92 cases were divided randomly into the treatment group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina) and the control group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion). RESULTS: The therapeutic effect of the treatment group was obviously superior to that of the control group (the CHI2 test showed P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina can give marked therapeutic effects for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen.     

Analysis of CK-19,PDX-1,Nestin,Ngn3 in different donor islet purity in rats

Objective: To investigate if there are the CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 positive cells in the donor islets of different purity in rats. Methods: Thirty male adult SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups. Islets were isolated using digestion by ductal injection of collagenase. Group Ⅰ (n=10): Separating cell preparations were not purified, Group Ⅱ(n=10): Islet sediment was purified with 25% Ficoll400 ,Group Ⅲ (n=10): Islet sediment was purified with 25% and 11% Ficoll-400. The levels of protein of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin and Ngn3 were detected by immunohistochemistry and the mRNA of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 was amplified by RT-PCR. Results: After two different purification methods applied, three islet preparations of different purities were obtained. The difference of islet purity was significant among various groups (P＜0.05). Compared with group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ,the protein and mRNA of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin,Ngn3 were both higher in group Ⅰ; group Ⅲ was poorly expressed. Conclusions: The three different islet purity donor islet have different CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 positive cells within them, indicating that there are some islet stem cells in the purified donor islet.     

A preliminary screening study on the associated proteins in human psoriasis vulgaris by serum proteomics technologies

Objective：To investigate the optimum screening conditions of associated proteins in human psoriasis vulgaris by serum proteomics technique, and to screen the different expression proteins related with psoriasis vulgaris. Methods：Serum samples of peripheral blood were collected from newly diagnosed psoriasis vulgaris patients in the clinic, and 20 matched healthy persons. Serum albumin IgG was removed by filtering with ProteoExtract Albumin/IgG. After comparative proteomics analysis the different protein spots were identified using 2-DE and MS. Results ：Electrophoresis figures with high resolution and reproducibility were obtained. Three different expression proteins were found only in the serum from psoriasis vulgaris patients, while nine other different proteins expressing from healthy volunteers. Conclusion：The protein expression was different in the serum between the psoriasis vulgaris patients and healthy volunteers. It was hoped that we could find the biomarkers related to psoriasis vulgaris by using proteomics.     

A CASE OF HUGE GASTRIC DISOPYROBEZOAR

PYTOBEZOARS are common bezoars in gastrontestinal tract, commonly seen in stomach and mall intestine,1but huge disopyrobezoars are     

Acupuncture Treatment of Chest Bi Syndrome

CASE HISTORY A male,a retired officer of 61 years old,paid his first visit on May 12,2006.The patient stated that 2 weeks before he suddenly got paroxysmal precordial choking pain,with irregular attacks.Each attack would last several seconds to several minutes.The attack was accompanied with heavy oppressed sensation in the precordial region,palpitation,lassitude,and in severe cases,sweating,which was once diagnosed by a hospital as'coronary heart disease'.Recalling the case history,the patient said that several days before he got angry with others because of some affairs in work,and he was not so used to the life pattern since he had just retired from his busy working post.At usual times,he was quick tempered and peevish.In recent days,he had poor appetite,and loose stool.     

Instructions to Contributors

The English edition of Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine is edited and published by the Chinese Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine Press.Original scientific papers of advanced clinical and experimental medicine in the field of complementary/alternative medicine or integrative medicine are expected.     

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