去势对不同月龄雄性大鼠骨丢失的影响

为了探讨去势对不同月龄雌性大鼠体质量,骨密度,组织病理学的影响,以便选用恰当月龄的大鼠复制绝经后骨质疏松的动物模型,本研究选用３,６,１２月龄和ＳＤ雌性大鼠共４８只,每月龄组１６只,均分成Ａ,Ｂ两组,Ａ组为对照组,Ｂ组为去势组,分别于术后６,１２周测量体质量,腰椎和股骨的骨密度及组织病理学观察,结果发现３月龄的去势组大鼠的体质量增加尤为明显,３,６月龄大鼠的去势组较对照组在去势后,６,１２周骨密度     

密固达治疗绝经后骨质疏松模型大鼠的观察

目的：探讨密固达对去势后绝经骨质疏松模型大鼠的治疗作用。方法：建立雌性SD大鼠去势后绝经骨质疏松模型16只,随机分为A、B两组,每组8只,A组大鼠给予密固达治疗,B组大鼠去势手术后未行治疗。另选8只正常雌性大鼠作为空白对照组（C组）。喂养12周后测定大鼠骨密度,同时检测血清中骨钙素、骨保护素和骨保护素配体的水平。结果：与B组比较,A组大鼠的骨密度显著增加（P〈0.01）,血清中骨钙素含量和骨保护素配体/骨保护素值显著降低（P〈0.01）。结论：密固达对去势大鼠的骨质疏松有良好的治疗作用,其作用可能与降低血清中骨钙素含量和骨保护素配体/骨保护素值有关。     

阿司匹林对大鼠骨质疏松性骨折愈合过程影响的实验研究

目的探讨阿司匹林对去势大鼠骨质疏松性骨折愈合过程的影响。方法 3月龄雌性Wistar大鼠60只,随机分成去势组50只,假手术组5只和空白组5只。3个月后,从去势组中随机选取5只大鼠与假手术组及空白组的大鼠一起测骨密度,验证去势大鼠骨质疏松模型。确认模型成功后,将去势组大鼠全部造成左侧股骨中点骨折,用克氏针髓内固定。再将制成骨折模型的50只大鼠,随机分成A组和B组（每组25只）,A组给予阿司匹林灌胃,33mg/次,1次/d,B组给予等量生理盐水。两组分别于骨折术后2、4、8、12周各取5只大鼠,测定骨密度值,然后处死取骨痂,行骨痂组织学检查,8、12周行放射学观察。两组剩余的5只大鼠于12周时行左股骨生物力学测定。结果①骨密度值：A组各时间点均高于B组,差异有统计学意义;②组织学观察：HE染色,A组软骨内成骨过程较B组加快;③放射学观察：术后8周,A组骨折线模糊,B组骨折线仍较清晰;术后12周,A组骨折线消失,B组骨折线模糊;④生物力学测定：术后12周,A组左侧股骨的三点弯曲载荷高于B组,差异有统计学意义。结论阿司匹林能够促进去势大鼠骨质疏松性骨折愈合,增加骨质的骨密度和生物力学强度。     

去卵巢骨质疏松大鼠骨密度的变化

目的 探讨雌激素减少对骨密度的影响并确定去卵巢骨质疏松大鼠模型的建立时间.方法 用雌性大鼠去势建立绝经后骨质疏松症动物模型,观察去势后3、6及12周大鼠腰椎骨骨密度的变化,并与假手术组作对比.结果 实验组去势第3周和第6周骨密度与对照组相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而去势12周实验组骨密度明显低于对照组(P<0.01).结论 去卵巢大鼠骨质疏松症动物模型约在12周后就可以建立.     

枸杞多糖对去势雌性大鼠骨质疏松影响的研究

目的研究枸杞多糖（LBP）对去势雌性大鼠骨质疏松的影响。方法选用2月龄成年雌性SD实验大鼠50只,随机分为假手术组、去势＋生理盐水组、去势＋枸杞多糖高剂量组、去势＋枸杞多糖低剂量组、去势＋己烯雌酚组等5组,每组10只。术后各组常规饲养10周后给药干预,12周后行股骨干重测量、骨矿密度检查并观察骨的形态学改变。结果与去势＋生理盐水组相比,去势＋枸杞多糖高剂量组、去势＋低剂量组均能增加去势雌性SD大鼠股骨干重、骨密度值,两组骨小梁结构较完整、连续性较好、吸收陷窝少。结论枸杞多糖对成年去势雌性大鼠骨质疏松有明显的骨质改善作用。     

以聚乳酸膜为药物载体研究唑来膦酸局部治疗对去势大鼠骨质疏松骨折愈合的影响

目的研究以聚乳酸膜为唑来膦酸的药物载体局部治疗对去势大鼠骨质疏松骨折愈合的影响。方法选用60只6月龄大SD雌性大鼠,将60只大鼠随机分为3组,每组20只。复制去势骨质疏松大鼠模型并制造左下肢股骨中段横行骨折,后行克氏针髓内固定。A组为空白对照组,B组为实验组（以聚乳酸膜为唑来膦酸药物载体,采用100μg/kg剂量,术中将膜半包覆贴附于骨折断端）,C组为实验对照组（以不加载唑来膦酸的膜贴附于骨折断端）。分别于术后1、2、4、6、周行骨密度扫描。结果 A组和B组结果有统计学差异（P〈0.05）,B组和C组有统计学差异（P〈0.05）,A组和C组无统计学差异（P〉0.05）。结论以聚乳酸膜为唑来膦酸载体局部治疗骨质疏松骨折,对骨折愈合有积极的促进作用;聚乳酸膜对骨折的愈合不产生明显的影响作用。     

大鼠卵巢去势骨质疏松模型的制作

目的建立大鼠卵巢去势骨质疏松模型模拟妇女绝经后骨结构变化。方法 20只3月龄雌性SD大鼠随机均分为2组:假手术组(Sham,n=10)、卵巢去势组(OVX,n=10),分别进行假手术和卵巢去势术,12周后活体测量腰椎、胫骨骨密度,处死动物后取胫骨行扫描电镜观察,取子宫称重。结果腰椎、胫骨骨密度检测显示OVX组出现系统性骨密度下降,Sham组为(302.50±25.92)g/cm3,(205.90±15.07)g/cm3;OVX组为(264.10±20.10)g/cm3,(163.20±11.15)g/cm3,Sham组显著高于OVX组(P<0.05);电镜下骨形态学表现也支持骨密度测量结果;Sham组大鼠体质量低于OVX组,而子宫质量和子宫系数均高于OVX组。结论大鼠卵巢去势骨质疏松模型建立成功。     

轻度承重活动对卵巢切除大鼠骨密度组织计量和生物力学的影响

【目的】探讨轻度承重活动对绝经后骨质疏松的防治作用。【方法】4月龄36只雌性大鼠分组①假去势组,②去势组,③去势加制动组。②、③组行双侧卵巢切除术,③组还用胶布带将其右后肢制动于腹部（使右后肢不能进行承重活动）。各组大鼠分笼喂养,保持日常活动,术后12周分别检测和分析大鼠右侧股骨骨密度、组织计量学和生物力学的变化。【结果】与假去势组比较,去势组大鼠股骨骨密度下降,骨小梁体积比下降,骨小梁平均厚度和骨皮质平均厚度减少,骨吸收表面和类骨质表面明显增加,同时其生物力学性能变差,但骨密度、骨皮质平均厚度及骨强度指标在统计学上与假去势组无显著性差异;而去势加制动组大鼠其股骨骨密度下降、骨小梁体积比下降及骨小梁平均厚度和骨皮质平均厚度减少更加明显,生物力学性能更差,骨密度、骨皮质平均厚度及股骨强度指标在统计学上与假去势组有显著性差异。【结论】去势雌性大鼠若保持轻度承重运动,则能保持相对较好的骨质量,缺乏承重运动则骨质量显著变差,提示轻度承重活动对防治绝经后骨质疏松具有显著性作用。     

雷洛昔芬对去势大鼠骨密度IL-6的影响

目的观察雷洛昔芬对去势大鼠骨密度、血清IL-6的影响,探讨雷洛昔芬抗骨质疏松的作用机制。方法48只3月龄雌性SD大鼠,随机分为假手术组(SHAM),单纯去势组(OVX),去势 雌激素组(OVX E2),去势 雷洛昔芬组(OVX R),每组12只。3个月后处死,取大鼠股骨测定各组骨密度。采集血清,用放射免疫分析法检测并比较各组IL-6的表达,用单因素方差分析进行统计学分析。结果雷洛昔芬组大鼠骨密度显著高于去卵巢组(P<0.05),血清IL-6浓度值显著降低(P<0.01)。结论雷洛昔芬治疗骨质疏松的作用与血清IL-6水平降低相关。     

雌激素对去势大鼠牙槽骨改建过程中IL-6表达的影响

目的 研究去势大鼠颌骨骨质疏松的病变特征及雌激素应用对绝经后骨质疏松牙槽骨中自细胞介素(IL)-6的分布及表达的影响,探讨雌激素对绝经后骨质疏松拔牙创牙槽骨改建影响的机制.方法 65只3月龄雌性SD大鼠随机分为2组:骨质疏松模型组(n=40)及假手术组(n=25).骨质疏松模型由切除卵巢法建立.2组中随机选取5只大鼠于术后8周处死.模型建立后,拔除所有实验大鼠的左上颌磨牙.骨质疏松模型组大鼠再进一步随机分为雌激素治疗组(皮下注射苯甲酸雌二醇)及未用雌激素治疗组,每组各15只,并随机选取假手术组大鼠15只作为对照.观察并分析上述3组大鼠颌骨骨质疏松的变化及IL-6的表达情况.骨质疏松情况用病理彩色图像仪分析组织形态学参数,IL-6表达采用免疫组化法.结果 卵巢切除后,模型组大鼠的骨小梁薄而少,骨小梁间距变宽,颌骨骨强度下降;应用雌激素治疗后,雌激素治疗组IL-6的阳性表达较未用雌激素治疗组减少.结论 3月龄SD雌性大鼠去卵巢8周后可发生骨质疏松;雌激素治疗对骨质疏松大鼠拔牙创骨愈合、牙槽骨中IL-6的表达有明显的抑制作用,从而有利于骨质疏松牙槽骨的改建.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.