多发性大动脉炎临床特征与疗效分析

目的 探讨多发性大动脉炎(Takayasu arteritis,TA)患者的临床、血管影像特征,分析治疗及转归.方法 回顾性分析我院心内科收治的73例TA患者的临床资料.结果 TA临床表现多样.血管造影示以Ⅰ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ为主,而Ⅱa、Ⅱb、Ⅲ少见;炎症活动评估以血沉(erythrocyte sedimentation rate,ESR)、C 反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)升高.24例接受糖皮质激素和免疫抑制剂,14例单用激素;不同药物治疗患者在年龄、ESR、CRP之间有统计学差异(P<0.05),在支架置入、置入术后再狭窄及未支架置入之间无统计学差异(P>0.05).结论 TA患者早期缺乏特异性临床表现,但ESR和CRP有助于指导治疗方案的制定及疗效评估.     

血管内介入治疗48例多发性大动脉炎疗效观察

目的 观察血管内介入[经皮腔内血管成形术(percutaneous transluminal angioplasty,PTA)和支架置入术(stenting)]治疗多发性大动脉炎(Takayasu arteritis,TA)的疗效.方法 采用血管内介入(单独PTA或PTA加支架)治疗2002年1月至2009年5月西南医院心血管内科诊断为TA的48例住院患者,其中男性17例,女性31例,年龄19~53(27.6±18.1)岁.分析其治疗结果及平均42.8个月的红细胞沉降率、C反应蛋白、CTA、MRA、多普勒血管超声等随访资料.结果 通过血管造影在48例TA患者中发现180处病变,并对其中101处严重的病变进行血管内介入治疗.在101处进行血管内介入治疗的病变中,锁骨下动脉/无名动脉29处,颈动脉28处,肾动脉34处,肺动脉2处,冠状动脉8处.101处病变均取得了良好靶病变血运重建术效果,76处(75.2%)没有残余狭窄,25处(24.8%)仅有很少残余狭窄.随访期内(3个月至6年)有3处(12.0%,3/25)仅行PTA治疗的病变发生了再狭窄,有5处(6.5%,5/76)采用PTA+支架治疗的病变发生了再狭窄,所有再狭窄的病变均再次成功行血管内介入治疗,没有出现明显并发症.结论 单纯PTA或PTA加支架置入术等血管内介入是治疗慢性非活动性TA的一种安全、有效的方法.     

药物洗脱支架内再狭窄的介入治疗

目的评价药物洗脱支架(DES)内再狭窄患者中根据再狭窄模式选择介入治疗的远期预后。方法选择2006年6月—2009年12月因DES内再狭窄于上海交通大学附属胸科医院行再次介入治疗的冠状动脉性心脏病患者,根据再狭窄部位及类型选择介入治疗方案。对于累及DES节段的再狭窄者行再次植入DES术;对于狭窄部位局限于DES内的Ⅰ型病变者行高压球囊扩张术;对于狭窄部位局限于DES内的Ⅱ～Ⅳ型病变者先行球囊扩张,再根据扩张后的结果由术者决定是否再次植入DES。所有患者均前瞻性随访主要心血管不良事件(MACE),包括死亡、靶病变重建(TLR)和心肌梗死(MI)。结果共88例行介入治疗,其中42例行单纯球囊血管成形(POBA)术(POBA组),46例行再次植入DES(DES组)。两组间各靶病变部位及各种原植入DES的涂层药物类型构成比的差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05),两组间再狭窄病变部位及类型构成比的差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。POBA组、DES组的支架内再狭窄(ISR)的发生率分别为(72.5±11.9)%、(76.2±9.1)%,两组间的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。平均随访时间为(2.2±1.0)年,两组间MACE、TLR、MI的发生率及病死率的差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。结论根据DES内再狭窄部位及类型选择介入治疗方案是有效的。对于局灶型ISR可行POBA术,而对于非局灶型或节段内ISR病变则需要再次植入DES。     

心肌梗死患者急救与治疗的临床观察

目的:探讨分析心肌梗死患者的急救与治疗。方法:选择急性心肌梗死行急诊PCI介入治疗术的患者70例。其中36例急诊行PCI治疗,34例行择期PCI治疗。结果:急诊PCI组术后2周超声心动图检查LVEF显著优于择期PCI组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组LVEDV比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。6个月随访结果及冠脉造影提示,急诊PCI冠脉再狭窄2例,占5.6%,显著低于对照组的5例,占14.7%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:急诊PCI可以有效阻碍血小板集聚,降低冠脉再狭窄率。     

国产药物洗脱支架对冠心病小血管病变介入治疗近中期疗效研究

目的 探讨国产药物洗脱支架（Firebird）对冠心病小血管病变介入治疗的安全性和近中期临床效果。方法 对2005年10月～2006年10月于我院进行药物支架介入治疗的114例（Firebird支架56例,Gypher支架58例）冠心病小血管病变患者进行随访观察6～10个月,并重复造影评价再狭窄及血管重建情况。结果 支架置入成功率为100%,术中无急性血栓形成、急性血管闭塞及死亡。临床随访及复查造影显示,Firebird组支架内再狭窄患者5例（8.9%）,3例（5.4%）再次血管重建治疗,其中1例（1.8%）患者进行了外科血管重建治疗。Cypher组支架内再狭窄患者5例（8.6%）,2例（3.4%）再次血管重建治疗。结论 应用国产药物洗脱支架（Firebird）对小血管病变进行介入治疗,具有良好的安全性和满意的近、中期疗效。     

支架治疗缺血性脑血管病的临床分析

目的 探讨缺血性脑血管病介入治疗的疗效、并发症.方法 对10例适合介入治疗的患者行经皮血管内支架成形术(percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting, PTAS),术后即刻造影评价并随访1-21个月.结果 (1)10例患者的10支血管,均成功完成支架植入,即刻造影显示支架位置良好,支架植入技术成功率100%.即刻造影显示支架置人后6支血管无残余狭窄,4支血管残余狭窄10%-20%,10支血管平均残余狭窄<10%.(2)10例患者中1例发生了缺血性卒中和血压下降;1例发生了心率减慢、血压下降;1例发生了穿刺部位血肿.(3)10例患者术后随访1-21个月,均未出现与所治疗血管相关的神经系统症状和体征.颈部血管超声和TCD未发现治疗血管再狭窄.结论 缺血性脑血管病的介入治疗是治疗缺血性脑血管病的一种新方法,其安全、有效,近期疗效肯定,远期疗效有待长期随访.     

无保护左主干病变的介入治疗及随访研究

对46例无保护左主干狭窄≥50%以上的冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病患者行经皮经腔冠状动脉介入治疗,探讨介入治疗无保护冠状动脉左主干狭窄的临床疗效和安全性。46例患者中42例行支架置入术(其中药物支架11例),1例行切割球囊治疗,3例仅行经皮冠状动脉成形术治疗,手术成功率100%。半年内4例发生术后再狭窄,其中2例为药物支架病例,2例为普通支架。术后随访(23.9±2.7)月,1例6个月时死于慢性肾功能衰竭,1例10个月时死于左心功能衰竭。     

Percutaneous intervention for in-stent restenosis after drug-eluting stent implantation

目的 评价药物洗脱支架(DES)内再狭窄患者中根据再狭窄模式选择介入治疗的远期预后.方法 选择2006年6月-2009年12月因DES内再狭窄于上海交通大学附属胸科医院行再次介入治疗的冠状动脉性心脏病患者,根据再狭窄部位及类型选择介入治疗方案.对于累及DES节段的再狭窄者行再次植入DES术;对于狭窄部位局限于DES内的I型病变者行高压球囊扩张术;对于狭窄部位局限于DES内的Ⅱ～Ⅳ型病变者先行球囊扩张,再根据扩张后的结果由术者决定是否再次植入DES.所有患者均前瞻性随访主要心血管不良事件( MACE),包括死亡、靶病变重建(TLR)和心肌梗死(MI).结果 共88例行介入治疗,其中42例行单纯球囊血管成形(POBA)术(POBA组),46例行再次植入DES( DES组).两组间各靶病变部位及各种原植入DES的涂层药物类型构成比的差异均无统计学意义(P值均＞0.05),两组间再狭窄病变部位及类型构成比的差异均有统计学意义(P值均＜0.05).POBA组、DES组的支架内再狭窄(ISR)的发生率分别为(72.5±11.9)％、(76.2±9.1)％,两组间的差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).平均随访时间为(2.2±1.0)年,两组间MACE、TLR、MI的发生率及病死率的差异均无统计学意义(P值均＞0.05).结论 根据DES内再狭窄部位及类型选择介入治疗方案是有效的.对于局灶型ISR可行POBA术,而对于非局灶型或节段内ISR病变则需要再次植入DES.     

髂股动脉硬化闭塞症的介入治疗

目的评价髂股动脉硬化闭塞性病变的介入治疗的疗效,总结其适应症,探讨并发症的防治。方法回顾性分析62例髂股动脉狭窄或闭塞的血管造影与介入治疗资料,其中急性发病18例,慢性发病44例;经球囊扩张或植入支架治疗,并进行临床及血管造影随访。结果62例患者介入治疗60例获成功,成功率达97%。获得成功治疗60例患者70条动脉,单纯球囊扩张42条动脉,术后血管直径可达正常的80%以上。球囊扩张后植入支架共有28条动脉。术后60例患者随访6～36个月。在随访中,绝大部分患者临床表现好转。术后6个月有1例、术后12、24、36个月各有2例症状反复,血管彩超及DSA造影检查提示均在原狭窄处又出现不同程度狭窄,4例行球囊扩张后缓解,3例植入支架后再通。结论髂股动脉介入治疗是一种安全有效的方法,成功率高,并发症少,再狭窄率低,可作为髂股动脉狭窄或闭塞的首选治方法。     

APOLLO支架置入治疗颅内动脉粥样硬化性狭窄52例疗效观察

目的分析APOLLO支架置入治疗颅内动脉粥样硬化性狭窄的疗效。方法回顾性分析包头市中心医院2007年1月至2011年6月经全脑血管造影术检查狭窄程度>60%的颅内动脉狭窄接受APOLLO支架置入治疗的住院患者52例。临床随访采用NIHSS评分。影像学随访主要采用经颅多普勒超声及颈部血管超声。结果 50例患者成功进行了支架置入术,手术成功率为94.55%(52/55)。术中、术后即刻总的血管事件发生率为9.62%(5/52)。术后30 d内总的血管事件发生率为11.76%(6/51)。随访(21.84±13.64)个月,考虑症状性支架内再狭窄2例,再狭窄率为3.92%(2/51)。结论 APOLLO支架置入治疗颅内动脉狭窄,围术期并发症发生率低,中远期随访症状性再狭窄发生率低。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.     

TCM Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Tonifying the Kidney and Strengthening the Governor Vessel

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic and progressive disorder with inflammation mainly involving the central axis joints. It mainly affects the cervical spine and the lumbosacral area, with the pathogenesis closely related to the kidney and the Governor Vessel (GV). TCM holds that the syndrome is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality, which is due to insufficiency of the kidney, deficiency of GV, and blocking of the channels with the invasion of exogenous evil, leading to poor circulation of qi and blood and malnutrition of the bones, muscles and joints. The TCM method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening GV to regulate circulation of qi and blood and check the arthralgia pain should be adopted, with the Kidney-Tonifying and GV Strengthening Decoction (益肾强督汤) prescribed.     

IMPROVING P-gp EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN VITRO TRANSFECTED BY MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-1 mRNA

CHEMOTHERAPY playsa greatrolein the treat- ment of malignanttumors,especiallyingynecolo- gicalones.But inanticancerchemotherapy,leuko-cytopeniaisfrequentlytheprimarydose-limitingsideeffect factor.Moreover,cancersarefrequentlychemoresistantbe-causeof overexpressionof P-glycoprotein(P-gp), which isencodedby multidrugresistancegene (MDR1 ) and detectableinup to50% ofhuman cancersand renderscellsresistancetoanticancerdrugs.The safetyand potentialtherapeuticbenefitof mdr1 gene transferredto h…