肾血管注射制作石蜡切片的尝试

肾血管注射制作石蜡切片的尝试朱万平王燕蓉肾血管注射是医学生必须观察的切片之一，因其体积大，又要求切片有一定厚度，因此制作肾血管注射切片多采用火棉胶包埋法或冰冻切片法。由于火棉胶包埋法程序繁杂，所需时间很长（约需３—４个月），材料试剂等浪费较多，但常用...     

颈部大块组织火棉胶包埋连续切片法

火棉胶包埋技术用于颈廓清大块标本制作,该方面尚未见详细报道。我科自１９８８年以来,采用火棉胶包埋连续切片技术,成功地进行了３００多例颈部大块组织上万张大切片的制作,取得了满意的效果,现介绍如下。１材料与方法１．１标本处理和切片准备１．１．１按解剖位置...     

口腔大块联合组织切片制作初探

口腔大块联合组织切片制作初探何熔，汪发贵对于较大、易碎、易裂、不同硬度的联合组织，一般都选择火棉胶包埋切片，但往往切片较厚，为了克服此缺点，我们尝试用火棉胶一石蜡双重浸透、石蜡包埋法，制片效果较好，现介绍如下。１材料与方法手术或尸检切下的牙颌组织，及...     

改良的眼球火棉胶——石蜡双重包埋法

眼球切片是组织学实习课中不可缺少的标本,但它的制作过程却相当复杂繁琐。传统的制作方法,大多采用火棉胶包埋,滑动式切片机切片。但存在着周期长、切片厚、造价高、步骤繁琐等一系列问题,加上我室又短缺火棉胶切片机,因此眼球标本的制作,一直是困扰我们的一个难题。经过我室技术人员不断的摸索和实践,探讨出一种在现有设备条件下,能够生产出完全符合教学要求的眼球标本制作技术。方法简单可靠,现报告如下。1　材料与方法1.1　取材固定　取人或动物新鲜眼球,保留视神经1cm左右,以便于固定。将眼球固定于AGFD固定液中,1周后将原液倒去一半…     

火棉胶包埋法在海绵窦断层解剖研究中的应用

目的：建立一套以火棉胶包埋技术制备大体断层切片的方法并制作出海绵窦断层切片,为海绵窦的影像诊断学提供解剖学依据。方法：采用火棉胶包埋技术将标本制成连续切片,观察海绵窦在各个数面上的位置、形态、大小和内部结构。结果：火棉胶包埋法制备大体断层切片具有切片薄、无锯耗、无结构变形移位、切片标本易于观察和保存等优点。不同层面海绵窦的大小形态内部结构及毗邻关系明显不同,但同一层面海绵窦内部结构的位置关系基本恒定。冠状位切片观察海绵窦的结构优于横轴位。结论：火棉胶包埋技术是一种较好的大体断层标本制作技术。海绵窦断层解剖研究有助于影像诊断学对海绵窦病变的评价。     

用石蜡包埋制作眼球标本切片

眼球外形近似圆球形，外层巩膜是致密结缔组织，内层视网膜柔软、易剥离脱落，球内有较硬的晶状体和透明胶状物构成的玻璃体。鉴于这种解剖学和组织学上的结构特点，又因用石蜡包埋切片，常使眼球结构变硬变脆，因此制作眼球标本组织切片，传统多用火棉胶包埋，即火棉胶切...     

眼球标本的石蜡切片制作

眼球标本的石蜡切片制作申姜颖１黄庆玉１姜桃英２柳雅玲１（１病理解剖学教研室，２莱州师范学校）鉴于眼球独特的解剖组织学结构特点，眼球标本组织切片的制作，传统上多用火棉胶或硝化纤维素做为包埋剂。其优点为切片完整，组织收缩小。但整个制片过程费时较长，大约需...     

内耳石蜡切片HE整块染色的改良制作

有关内耳组织切片制作方法组织学技术书上有些介绍 ,多采用火棉胶、石蜡或火棉胶石蜡双重包埋ＨＥ片染制作 ,还有采用常规石蜡包埋 ,ＨＥ块染制作 ,但效果都不够理想 ,切片容易破损 ,裱片时展不开 ,且制作时间较长等。本室通过多次实验 ,在传统块染的基础上采取了一些改良 :采用Ｂｏｕｉｎ氏固定液内固定后 ,再用一种固定兼脱钙液继续外固定和脱钙 ,同时真空抽气 ,ＨＥ整块在 3 7℃下进行深染色 ,严格控制石蜡包埋温度 ,延长组织浸蜡时间 ,用 0 .5 %的冰醋酸 (ＨＡＣ)水溶液展片 ,取得较好效果。现报告如下 :1　材料与方法1)　材料 :一般采…     

通过小鼠动情期的确定制作含有早胚石蜡切片

目的：采用石蜡切片技术制作早期胚胎切片模型。方法：根据阴道脱落细胞检测法确定动情期最佳受孕时间,通过体内受精方法获得小鼠早期胚胎,采用石蜡切片技术制作早期胚胎切片模型。结果：将受孕小鼠断颈处死取各期胚胎,制作含有早胚石蜡切片。结论：本实验组为进一步对早期胚胎发育的研究提供了技术基础。     

火棉胶切片免疫组化粘片剂白乳胶的应用

目的：寻找一种适合于火棉胶切片免疫组化染色程序的廉价的粘片剂。方法：选用市售白乳胶、明胶作为粘片剂,观察火棉胶切片经过免疫组化染色程序处理后的脱片及染色情况。结果：以白乳胶、明胶作为粘片剂的脱片率分别是6．7％、100％。结论：白乳胶可作为一种廉价的粘片剂用于火棉胶片免疫组化染色。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CYTOKINES IL-1β,sIL-2R,IL-6,TNF-α,AND IFN-v IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Objectives To explore serum cytokines levels (including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v) and their significance in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the subsequent follow-ups, with attempt to estimate the role of various serum inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and assessment of ACS.Methods The study population include 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 40 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 40 controls. Among the 80 patients, 60 patients attended a follow up 4 months later. Serum inflammatory markers including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Serum IL- 1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly higher in AMI group or UAP group compared to the control group and became significantly lower 4 months later in the follow-up patients. Serum levels of IFN-v shows no significant difference between AMI group or UAP group and controls, also showing no significant change when measured in follow up patients. There was no correlation between serum creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels and serum inflammatory markers either in UAP or AMI group. Furthermore, when divided into two subgroups using Wagner's QRS scoring system in the AMI group, there is no difference of each serum inflammatory marker between ≤ 6 scores group and ＞ 6 scores group.Conclusion Serum levels of certain inflammatory markers may have some diagnostic value for ACS, and can be a useful marker reflecting disease stability.     

Possible Spread of adenovirus type 3 from poultry to humans ：indirect evidence from an outbreak in China

Objective:To explore the epidemiology and etiology for an outbreak of acute respiratory tract infection that occurred in one county of Jiangsu Province, China 2004. Methods: Only cases meeting the case definition were included in the study. We reviewed the medical records of the cases who were admitted to the local hospitals, interviewed cases by a standard questionnaire, and then described the epidemiotogic features and analyzed risk factors by means of a case-control study. We collected pharyngeal swab specimens and sent them to different laboratories for isolation and culture. The laboratory used different detection methods such as DIP, PCR, electron microscope examination and microneutralization assay, to identify and then type the positive specimens. Results:A total of 871 cases were reported during the period from April 18 to July 4,2004. The distribution of onset times presented two peaks, one in late May and another in middle June. The epidemic occurred mainly in the elementary and junior high schools in ten townships of one county, and the mean age of the cases was 12 years (range 7 months to 18 years). The course of the disease was acute, and was characterized by fever accompanied with sore throat and tonsillitis. The WBC count of cases was normal or elevated. The mean duration of illness was 5 days (range 2 to 12 days). No fatalities from illness were reported. A case-control study indicated that the possible risk factors were close contact with a case and/or poultry before onset and sharing of towels among members of the family. The typical CPE was observed through inoculating pharyngeal swab specimens into the HEP-2 cell cultures in different laboratories. An infection of adenovirus type 3 was verified by detecting positive specimens in different methods. Conclusion:This investigation demonstrated that the acute respiratory infection in cases was caused by adenovirus type 3. Cases occurred in over 70 schools in ten townships in 2004, and the route of transmission was possibly close contact with cases or droplet transmission.