SF-36评价中风患者生命质量的信度和效度

目的评价SF-36生命质量量表在中风患者中的信度和效度.方法效度评价采用结构效度和判别效度.采用ADL、IADL、闲暇活动、社会支持、健康预测对SF-36的8个领域通过回归分析进行结构效度评价.采用神经功能缺损程度评价量表MESSS对SF-36进行判别效度的评价.信度采用重测信度法、内部一致性分析(Cronbach'α系数).用自填法结合个人访谈法,由150例中风患者自己做出健康评价.结果整个测量的重测相关系数均大于0.6(各领域P＜0.01).内部一致性Cronbach'α系数除活力和精神健康两个领域为0.7～0.8以外,其他6个领域的内部一致性均很好(α＞0.8).在结构效度评价中,回归分析的结果与事先的假设具有相当的一致性.SF-36的8个领域除疼痛领域以外,不同的神经功能缺损程度间均有显著差异(P＜0.05).结论采用自填法结合个人访谈,使用SF-36评价中风患者的生命质量是有效的、可靠的.     

SF-36量表评价农村福利院五保老人生活质量的信度和效度

目的 评价SF-36量表在农村福利院五保老人生活质量的信度和效度。方法 采用分层整群随机抽样方法，抽取湖北省农村集中供养五保老人546例,由经过统一培训的调查员利用SF-36生活质量量表对老年人进行面对面访谈。采用相关分析﹑信度分析和因子分析方法对SF-36量表的信度（折半信度和内部一致性信度）和效度（结构效度和标准效度）进行评价。结果 SF-36量表Spearman-Brown 为0.816，内部一致性系数Cronbach′α系数除SF维度外均在 0.6 以上，8 个维度均呈正相关。结论 SF-36量表具有较好的信度和效度,适于评价农村福利院五保老人生活质量。 【关键词】SF-36量表 五保老人 生活质量　　信度　　效度     

富阳农村居民的健康状况研究

目的：探讨SF－36量表用于农村居民健康状况测定的可能性。方法：用中文版SF－36量表测定富阳2－7名14岁以上的农村居民,分析其信度,效度。结果：除了SF,RE维度,其余6维度内部一致性信度系数大于0．50,7维度内部一致性信度大于与其他维度的相关,因子分析产生3个主成分,累计方差贡献为64．6％,65岁以上者无应答,青年组与中年组各维度平均分数差异不显著,不同性别只在RP维度上判别显著,吸烟者与不吸烟者,饮酒者与不饮酒者的得分差异不显著,不同文化程度人群的得分差异不显著。结论：尚需更多证据支持SF－36量表适用于农村居民健康状况测定。     

慢性病患者生命质量测定量表体系QLICD各量表的测量学特性分析

目的分析慢性病患者生命质量测定量表体系QLICD各量表的测量学特性．方法用QLICD中各疾病对应的量表对患者在住院治疗前后进行测试,从而对量表的信度、效度和反应度进行评价．结果除个别领域外,各量表的内部一致性信度α值均在0．70以上,重测信度均在0．80以上;相关分析与因子分析显示量表有较好的结构效度和效标关联效度（与SF-36为效标）;量表可以测出患者治疗前后各领域的生命质量变化,大部分的标准化反应均数SRM大于0．50．结论QLICD各量表均具有较好的信度、效度、反应度,可作为我国慢性病患者生命质量的测评工具．     

心功能不全QOL量表中文译本信度效度的初步评价

目的将心功能不全QOL量表 (MinnesotaLivingwithHeartFailureQuestionnaire ,LHFQ)开发为中文译本 ,评价其信度和效度。方法以符合纽约心脏协会 (NewYorkHeartAssociation ,NYHA)分级Ⅱ～Ⅳ级的心功能不全稳定态患者 44例为调查对象 ,用调查 再调查 (test retest)方法实施调查。通过重测信度和内部一致性Cronbach’sα系数评价其信度 ;并通过效标效度、判别效度考察其效度。结果LHFQ量表前后两次调查再现性的相关系数在综合分r =0 .468(P =0 .0 0 9)、身体领域r =0 .45 8(P =0 .0 11)、情绪领域r =0 .44 6(P =0 .0 14 ) ,重测信度尚可。Cronbach’sα系数在综合分及身体领域、情绪领域是 0 .776～ 0 .881的范围 ,说明有充分的内部一致性。LHFQ得分与效标SF 3 6之间的相关分析在综合分r =0 .610 (P <0 .0 0 0 1)、身体领域r =0 .660 (P <0 .0 0 0 1) ,情绪领域r =0 .414 (P =0 .0 0 7) ,显示了较好的效标效度。根据NYHA分级 ,以t检验进行分析的结果 ,LHFQ在综合得分和身体领域得分存在显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,确认有较好的判别效度。结论LHFQ中文译本具有较好的信度和效度。     

SF-36健康调查问卷在起搏器植入患者中的信度和效度评价

目的评价SF-36健康调查问卷在起搏器植入患者中的信度和效度。方法在230例起搏器植入患者中采用重测信度、分半信度、内部一致性和结构效度等评价SF-36量表的信度和效度。结果躯体功能、生理职能、躯体疼痛、一般健康状况、生命力、社会功能、情感职能和心理健康8个维度的Cronbach系数分别为0.872、0.814、0.856、0.789、0.779、0.819、0.763和0.754。分半信度的相关系数为0.85;各条目得分与其维度得分之间相关均较大（均﹥0.60）。结论SF-36健康调查表内部一致性较好,具有较好的信度和效度,适合于起搏器植入患者的生活质量评价。     

医学本科生PBL教学评价问卷的信度和效度研究

目的研制医学本科生PBL教学质量评价问卷，并进行信度和效度检验。方法以布卢姆的教育目标分类学理论为依据，在查阅文献的基础上制成医学本科生PBL教学评价初始化问卷，进行内容效度检验后选择在内科学循环系统疾病中采用PBL教学法的七年制学生53人为调查对象，同时应用教育环境测量问卷进行效标关联效度的检验，2周后再次测量进行重测信度的检验。结果问卷的内部一致性信度Cronbach＇sα系数为0．924，各下位量表的Cronbach＇sα系数在0．749—0．860之间；与2周后测量的结果比较，总分及各分项得分差异均无显著性（P〉0．05，P〉0．01），PBL评价问卷总分与教育环境测量问卷总分具有显著的正相关（P〈0．01）。结论该次研制的PBL教学评价问卷有较好的信度和效度，为客观、准确地评价PBL的教学效果提供了工具。     

活动平衡信心量表（中文版）的信度与效度研究

目的评价中文版活动平衡信心量表（ABC量表）的信度和效度。方法采用中文版AEc量表对46名上海市甘泉地区的老年人进行跌倒恐惧的评估,并于3周后应用相同量表再次进行评定。结果ABC量表的总评分与各项目评分的重测信度的组内相关系数（ICC）范围在0．77～0．98之间,评估者间信度的ICC范围在0．71～0．98之间,内部一致性相关系数为0．95。采用因子分析法评价量表的结构效度,共析出2个公因子,对总方差的贡献率分别为57．6％,12．0％。结论中文版ABC量表具有较好的信度和效度,适合对中国大陆地区的老年人进行跌倒恐惧的评估。     

SF-36测量战斗机飞行员腰椎间盘突出症患者生命质量的信度和效度研究

目的研究生命质量测评量表SF-36测量战斗机飞行员腰椎间盘突出症患者生命质量的信度和效度。方法用SF-36对108名战斗机飞行员腰椎间盘突出症患者进行调查,对结果进行统计分析。结果信度指标克朗巴赫α均〉0.75,23名患者重测信度。重测信度系数社会功能（SF）低于0.8。腰椎间盘突出症发作期患者在8个维度的得分明显低于健康飞行员。结论SF-36用于测评战斗机飞行员腰椎间盘突出症患者的生命质量时,具有可接受的信度和效度,可用于治疗结果评价。     

SF-36量表第二版应用于重庆市区居民生命质量研究的信效度检验

目的：评价SF-36量表第二版应用于重庆市区居民生命质量研究的信度和效度,探讨其应用于重庆市区居民生命质量研究的可行性。方法：采用多阶段分层随机抽样的方法,用SF-36健康调查量表第二版、世界卫生组织生存质量测定量表简表（WHOQOL-BREF）对738位居民进行自评量表式调查.通过复测信度、内部一致性信度,结构效度、效标关联效度等指标来评定SF-36量表第二版的信度和效度。结果：该量表具有良好的内部一致性,整个量表的Cronbach＇s α系数为0.8041;复测相关系数为0.763。因子分析产生的8个公因子与理论结构基本一致,结构效度的累计方差贡献为62.2％;与效标WHOQOL-BREF量表的相关系数为0.424。结论：SF-36健康调查量表第二版适合重庆市区居民生命质量测评。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.     

TCM Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Tonifying the Kidney and Strengthening the Governor Vessel

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic and progressive disorder with inflammation mainly involving the central axis joints. It mainly affects the cervical spine and the lumbosacral area, with the pathogenesis closely related to the kidney and the Governor Vessel (GV). TCM holds that the syndrome is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality, which is due to insufficiency of the kidney, deficiency of GV, and blocking of the channels with the invasion of exogenous evil, leading to poor circulation of qi and blood and malnutrition of the bones, muscles and joints. The TCM method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening GV to regulate circulation of qi and blood and check the arthralgia pain should be adopted, with the Kidney-Tonifying and GV Strengthening Decoction (益肾强督汤) prescribed.     

IMPROVING P-gp EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN VITRO TRANSFECTED BY MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-1 mRNA

CHEMOTHERAPY playsa greatrolein the treat- ment of malignanttumors,especiallyingynecolo- gicalones.But inanticancerchemotherapy,leuko-cytopeniaisfrequentlytheprimarydose-limitingsideeffect factor.Moreover,cancersarefrequentlychemoresistantbe-causeof overexpressionof P-glycoprotein(P-gp), which isencodedby multidrugresistancegene (MDR1 ) and detectableinup to50% ofhuman cancersand renderscellsresistancetoanticancerdrugs.The safetyand potentialtherapeuticbenefitof mdr1 gene transferredto h…