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1.
目的 建立应用模式生物斑马鱼胚胎进行化学品毒性鉴定的方法。方法 将健康亲代成熟斑马鱼进行交配产卵,产卵后收集斑马鱼胚胎,于受精后6 h将斑马鱼胚胎暴露于梯度浓度的甲醛(0、0.005%、0.010%、0.012%、0.014%、0.016%、0.018%、0.020%)、乙醇(0、1.0%、1.2%、1.4%、1.6%、1.8%、2.0%、2.2%、2.4%)、三氯异氰尿酸(0、2μg/m L、4μg/m L、6μg/m L、8μg/m L、10μg/m L、12μg/m L、14μg/m L、16μg/m L、18μg/m L、20μg/m L)、甲醇(0、0.6%、0.9%、1.4%、2.0%、3.0%、4.5%),在暴露后24 h、48 h、72 h、96 h、120 h观察斑马鱼胚胎的死亡情况。结果 甲醛、乙醇、三氯异氰尿酸、甲醇暴露后,随着剂量的升高,斑马鱼胚胎在各观察时间点出现死亡明显升高,甲醛、乙醇、三氯异氰尿酸、甲醇对受精后6 h斑马鱼胚胎的96 h LD50分别为0.001 6 mol/L、0.333 0 mol/L、7.514 0μg/m L、0.401 0 mol/L。结论 斑马鱼胚胎可用于化学品暴露的安全性评价,应用模式生物斑马鱼胚胎进行化学品毒性鉴定是未来可发展的毒理学替代方法之一。  相似文献   

2.
目的:研究细辛脑对斑马鱼胚胎发育及运动行为的影响。方法以受精后3h(hpf)斑马鱼胚胎为实验模型,分别暴露于不同浓度(25、50、100、200和400μmol/L)细辛脑溶液中,以不加细辛脑为对照组,每隔24 h更换1次细辛脑溶液,分别在24、48、72和96 hpf等时间点用显微镜观察班马鱼胚胎发育形态,记录24 hpf胚胎自主抽动次数,48 hpf心率、畸形率和死亡率,72和96 hpf孵化率和死亡率,利用RT-qPCR检测96 hpf斑马鱼胚胎Sepn1基因表达情况,采用Noldus斑马鱼幼鱼行为视频跟踪系统评价细辛脑暴露对幼鱼运动行为的影响。结果细辛脑各实验组斑马鱼胚胎自主抽动次数随浓度增加而降低,100、200和400μmol/L组与对照组相比有极显著性统计学差异(P<0.01);细辛脑各实验组斑马鱼48 hpf心率显著降低,与对照组相比均有显著统计学差异(P<0.01);72和96 hpf斑马鱼幼鱼出现了脊柱弯曲、心包水肿、卵黄囊水肿等畸形形态;与对照组相比,100、200和400μmol/L组96 hpf孵化率均下降,具有显著性统计学差异(P<0.01);与对照组相比,400μmol/L组死亡率降低,有统计学差异(P<0.05);随着细辛脑浓度增加,96 hpf斑马鱼幼鱼运动速度和距离明显减小,200和400μmol/L组与对照组相比均有统计学差异(P<0.05);同时200和400μmol/L浓度组活跃度降低,与对照组相比具有显著差异(P<0.01);96 hpf时,细辛脑各浓度组胚胎Sepn1基因表达下降,其中100μmol/L组与对照组相比有统计学差异(P<0.05),而200和400μmol/L组与对照组相比差异更显著(P<0.01)。结论细辛脑对斑马鱼胚胎和幼鱼有致畸作用,并且影响其运动行为,建议婴幼儿慎用细辛脑。  相似文献   

3.
采用体外实验方法,观察CdCl2对培养24h的人外周血淋巴细胞内游离Ga2+浓度及CaM活性的影响。结果表明:细胞内游离Ca2+浓度与镉浓度(≤100μmol/L)及染毒时间(≤60min)存在明显的剂量及时相相关,在≤50μmol/LCdCl2作用下,CaM活性随染毒剂量增加而升高,50μmol/LCdCl2使CaM活性增至0μmol/L组的190.22%(P<0.05),但100μmol/LCaCl2则对CaM无激活作用。在一定镉浓度(0~50μmol/LCdCl2)及染毒时间(0~40min)内,细胞内游离Ca2+浓度与CaM活性呈*一致性变化,提示镉的免疫毒作用机制与Ca2+、CaM系统有关。  相似文献   

4.
目的:观察氟、砷单独及联合作用对正常人淋巴细胞染色体的损伤作用及特点。方法:采用双核淋巴细胞微核试验观察不同剂量氟、砷单独及联合作用对正常人淋巴细胞染色体的损伤情况。结杲:染毒72h后,0.1μmol/L NaAsO2、10μmol/L NaF、50μmol/L NaF和0.1μmol/L NaAsO2+10μmol/L NaF组的微核率与阴性对照组相比差异无统计学意义(P〉0.05),其它各染毒组的微核率与对照组相比差异均有统计学意义(P〈0.05~0.01);NaAsO2与NaF联合作用时,NaAsO2与NaF对淋巴细胞染色体畸变作用并没有交互作用,仅表现为简单的相加作用。结论:NaAsO2与NaF均可引起淋巴细胞染色体损伤;NaAsO2与NaF联合染毒时,其对淋巴细胞染色体的毒性仅表现为简单相加作用。  相似文献   

5.
目的:评价测定血浆同型半胱氨酸(HCY)的循环酶方法。方法:血浆氧化型同型半胱氨酸经三-乙-羧乙基膦(TCEP)还原成游离型HCY,基于HCY甲基转移酶(HMTase),S-腺苷同型半胱氨酸水解酶(SAHase)构成的循环酶体系以及脱氢酶-辅酶体系的原理,用自动生化分析仪测定血浆HCY。结果:测定线性范围达1.5μmol/L~50.0μmol/L:批内CV分别为2.1%、1.7%;日间CV分别为3.7%、4.1%,总CV分别为4.9%、5.2%;回收率96.8%-101.3%;本法和高效液相色谱法比较:R^2=0.9737,Y=0.972X+1.595。t=2.01,P〉0.05,差异无显著性;血氨〈50.0μmol/L,三酰甘油〈11.0mmol/L,抗坏血酸〈10.0mmol/L,胆红素〈500.0μmol/L,血红蛋白〈2.0g/L,谷胱甘肽〈0.05mmol/L时,对结果无明显干扰。结论:本方法具有简便、灵敏等特点,适合血浆HCY的常规和自动化分析。  相似文献   

6.
目的观察不同浓度外源性视黄酸对斑马鱼早期胚胎和心血管系统发育的影响,为进一步研究视黄酸影响斑马鱼心脏前后轴(A-P轴)发育的分子机制提供形态学依据。方法选择斑马鱼胚胎孵育的3,6,9·5,12h四个时间点,用不同浓度视黄酸(1×10-6,1×10-7,4×10-8,1×10-8mol/L)处理斑马鱼胚胎,在解剖显微镜下实时观察斑马鱼胚胎心脏发育的全过程和视黄酸对斑马鱼心脏发育的影响。并采用胚胎整体原位杂交技术观察flk-1mRNA在斑马鱼胚胎的表达。结果1×10-6mol/L视黄酸可导致斑马鱼胚胎表现出多系统的严重畸形,胚胎很快死亡。在胚胎孵育的9·5、12h给与10-7~10-8mol/L浓度的视黄酸,胚胎只表现出心血管系统的畸形,其他系统无明显异常。胚胎整体原位杂交显示视黄酸对flk-1mRNA在斑马鱼胚胎血管的表达没有影响。结论视黄酸影响斑马鱼胚胎心脏发育有剂量依赖性和严格的时间窗,视黄酸影响心脏前后轴发育的关键时间是原肠胚晚期。视黄酸处理组胚胎的循环缺陷主要为心脏发育异常所致。10-7~10-8mol/L浓度视黄酸在9·5、12h处理斑马鱼胚胎可以作为研究心脏发育调控机制的动物模型。  相似文献   

7.
利用大鼠胚胎中脑神经细胞作原代微团培养,研究神经生长因子(NGF2.5S)对不同浓度的四氯化碳(CCl4)致毒性拮抗效应.观察细胞分化以及细胞形态的影响同时做了CCl4的毒性试验并与正常细胞分化进行了比较。结果表示,染毒组的细胞集落数形成率明显降低,细胞体积小.细胞间神经纤维减少.表明CCl4可抑制胚胎中脑神经细胞的分化.其半数生长抑制浓度(ICV50)为10.0μmol/L,并显剂量-效应关系。当NGF2.5S和CCl4混合后,在低浓度的CCl4情况下,微团中的集落形成率有明显的增加.ICV50为50.0μmol/L时,NGF2.5S也能促进细胞分化的功能.因此.NGF2.5S对CCl4有一定的拮抗效应。  相似文献   

8.
目的观察新型合成三肽[Arg(NO3)-Lys(OCH3)-Arg(NO3)]对巨噬细胞株(RAW264.7)左旋-精氨酸/一氧化氮 (L-Arg/NO)途径的影响。方法培养的巨噬细胞(培养液中含L-Arg 0.5 mmol/L)加入脂多糖(LPS,1μg/L)随机分为3组 (每组n=6),分别加入双蒸水、三肽(1×10-4mol/L)、NG甲基-L-精氨酸(L-NMMA,1×10-4mol/L),对照组只含L-Arg (n=6),作用24 h后,检测亚硝酸盐(NO2-)、3H-L-Arg转运量;培养的巨噬细胞[培养液中含L-Arg(0-2 mmol/L)]加入 LPS(1 μg/L)24 h后,检测NO2-;培养的巨噬细胞(培养液中含L-Arg 0.5mmol/L)加入LPS(1μg/L)后分别加三肽[ (0-10)×10-4 mol/L]24 h后,检测NO2-、3H-L-Arg转运量。结果 LPS刺激细胞产生NO的量和L-Arg率转运分别为非刺激组的50倍和2.7倍,三肽(1×10-4mol/L)即可明显降低NO的生成及抑制L-Arg的转运(分别降低71%、67%),较 L-NMMA(1×10-4 mol/L)作用要强(P<0.05);NO的生成依赖于细胞外L-Arg,并成浓度依赖性,其米氏常数(Km):(0.162± 0.015) mmol/L、最大转运速率(Vmax):(91.2±2.3)μmol/(24 h·106cells);三肽成浓度依赖性的降低细胞L-Arg转运和 NO的生成,半数有效抑制剂量(EC50)分别为0.21×10-4mol/L、1.27×104mol/L。结论 LPS作用于巨噬细胞引起L-Arg转运增加:三肽通过抑制细胞L-Arg转运及与L-Arg竞争性结合一氧化氮合酶作用位点,影响NO的生成。  相似文献   

9.
目的探讨P13K/Akt信号转导通路特异性阻滞剂LY294002在体外对人乳腺癌细胞株MCF-7/ADR的耐药逆转作用。方法乳腺癌细胞MCF-7和MCF-7/ADR各自分为未加LY294002的对照组及加入不同浓度的LY294002组,MTF法观察各组药物的细胞毒作用。选用流式细胞术(FCM)检查细胞凋亡率、细胞分布周期的变化。结果①LY294002在浓度10umol/L以下时对两种细胞基本无毒性,为安全有效的逆转剂量。②阿霉素对MCF-7和耐药细胞MCF-7/ADR的半数抑制浓度(IC50)分别为(0.14±0.02)μmol/L和(15.74±0.08)μmol/L,耐药倍数为112倍。③LY294002能够增强阿霉素对MCF-7/ADM的细胞毒作用,LY294002浓度0.1、2.5、5.0、10μmol/L分别作用于MCF-7/ADM细胞48h后,耐药细胞株的IC50分别降至(13.53±0.10)μmol/L、(10.24±0.08)μmol/L、(5.53±0.16)μmol/L、(2.29±0.12)μmol/L,差异有统计学意义(P〈0.01)。④LY294002可显著增加MCF-7/ADR细胞凋亡率(P〈0.01)。细胞周期分布显示,加用LY294002对各个细胞周期影响不明显。结论LY294002能够增加MCF-7和MCF-7/ADR的化疗敏感性,部分逆转耐药细胞MCF-7/ADR的多药耐药性。  相似文献   

10.
目的分析巨幼细胞贫血(MA)患者的血清胆红素浓度改变。方法选择47例经骨髓象检查确诊的初诊MA患者,另选取41例无贫血健康人员作为对照组。结果MA组、对照组直接胆红素(DBil)均数分别为(9.07±4.43)μmol/L及(3.614±1.29)μmol/L,P〈0.0001;两组间接胆红素(IBil)中位数分别为18.950μmol/L、7.340μmol/L,P=0.0000。MA患者中,37例(78.72%)总胆红素(TBil)〉17.μmol/L,13例(27.66%)TBil〉34.2μmol/L,30例(63.83%)DBil〉6.8μmoL/L,最大值为19.42μmoL/L,36例(76.60%)IBil〉14.0μmol/L,最大值为98.07μmol/L。37例伴黄疸MA患者中,4例(10.81%)DBiL/TBil〈0.20,33例(89.19%)DBil/TBil为0.20~0.50。结论MA患者中,近3/4者TBil升高,近3/10呈显性黄疸,近9/10者MA黄疸类似肝细胞性黄疸,需与肝病相鉴别。  相似文献   

11.
Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P< 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P< 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.  相似文献   

12.
Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P < 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (>0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P <0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P < 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.  相似文献   

13.
Objective: To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods: SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer's was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava (IVC) inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results: Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion: This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.  相似文献   

14.
Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.  相似文献   

15.
Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.  相似文献   

16.
A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care(~'4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.  相似文献   

17.
Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.  相似文献   

18.
Journal of Nanjing Medical University (English Edition) JNMU, sponsored by Nanjing Medical University, was established in 1987. It is a bimonthly comprehensive English medical journal published locally and abroad.Since 2007, Journal of Nanjing Medical University (English Edition )was granted Elsevier the full publishing and distribution rights worldwide for the Electronic Edition, excluding the People's Republic of China.  相似文献   

19.
目的:评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术(PPCI)术后生活质量的影响.方法:将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组(术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次)和对照组(仅接受基础药物治疗).所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表(MIDAS)、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果:入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异(P>0.05);出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低(P<0.05);组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低(P<0.05).两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血(P>0.05).两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异(P>0.05).结论:PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.  相似文献   

20.
Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P<0.01);the MAP decreased(P<0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P<0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.  相似文献   

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