Low Cholesterol in Erythrocyte Membranes and High Lipoperoxides in Erythrocytes Are the Potential Risk Factors for Cerebral Hemorrhagic Stroke in Human

Objective:To explore the association of risk for human cerebral hemorrhage with blood cholesterol,free radicals,oxidatation and lipoperoxidation,Methods:351 cerebral hemorrhage patients(CHP) in the acute phase and 100 healthy adult volunteers(HVA) were investigated by testing the contents of cholesterol(CH),lipoperoxides(LPO),nitric oxide(NO),vitamin C(VC)and vitamin E(VE) and activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD) in plasma and erythrocytes (RBC),and by assessing the contents of CH and LPO in RBC with spectrophotometric assays.Results:Compared with the average vlaues(AV) of the above biochemical parameters(BP)in the HAV group,the AV of CH in plasma and RBC,VC and VE in plasma as well as SOD in plasma and RBC in the CHP group were significantly decreased(P=0.000),while the AV of the LPO in plasma and RBC as well as NO in plasma in the CHP group were significantly increased(P=0,0000),The findings of linear correlation analysis for the CHP group showed that the above biochemical parameters were significantly correlated with both intracraial hemorrhagic sized(IHS) and neurotic functional defective scales(NDS).The findings of stepwise correlation analysis for the CHA group suggested that HIS was closely correlated with the values of CH and LPO in RBC as well as NO and VE in plasma,and that NDS was closely correlated with the values of CH and LPO in RBC as well as NO and VC in plasma.Conclusions:The findings of the present study suggest that marked low RBC cholesterol and marked high RBC lipoperoxides may constitute the potential main risk factors for human cerebral hemorrhage,and that the oxidative and lipoperoxidative stress in the CHP bodies is pathologically aggravated.leading to the oxidative and lipoperoxidative damages in the CHP.     

Speckle Tracking Echocardiography Assessment of Global and Regional Contraction Dysfunction in the Mice Model of Pressure Overload

Speckle tracking echocardiography(STE) has been applied to the evaluation of cardiac contraction dysfunction. However, there were few studies on alteration of global and regional STE parameters in the process of myocardial hypertrophy and heart failure. In this study, STE was applied to evaluate the global and regional cardiac function under heart failure and hypertrophy in the mice model of pressure overload. Adult mice were subjected to mild or severe aortic banding with a 25 Gauge(G) or 27 G needle. After surgery, STE and conventional echocardiography were used in the sham group(n=10), mild trans-aortic banding(TAB) group(n=14) and severe TAB group(n=10) for 8 weeks. The results showed that the mice subjected to severe TAB showed a significant change in fractional shortening(FS), left ventricular(LV) mass, and left ventricular end diastolic diameter(LVEDD)(P<0.05 for each). Meanwhile, there were no significant differences in FS and LVEDD between the sham group and mild TAB group during the experimental procedures(P>0.05 for both). STE analysis revealed that longitudinal strain(LS) was significantly decreased in the severe TAB group as compared with the sham and mild TAB groups(P<0.05 for both) from the postoperative week 1. LS in the mild TAB group was reduced as compared to the sham group(P<0.05). Radial strain(RS) and circumferential strain(CS) were significantly decreased in the severe TAB group as compared to the sham group and the mild TAB group(P<0.05 for both) from the postoperative week 1(P<0.05 for both). Compared to the sham group, CS in the mild TAB group maintained unchanged during the test period, and RS was reduced only on the postoperative week 6(P<0.05). Finally, regional contraction dysfunction was analyzed in both hypertrophic and failing myocardium in longitudinal and radial directions. It was found that LS was largest in the apex region and RS was smallest in the apex region in the healthy and hypertrophic myocardium. It was also found that compared to the sham group, only base longitudinal strain in the mild TAB group was decreased. Each of regional strain in the severe TAB group was uniformly depressed in radial and longitudinal directions. It is concluded that STE has provided a non-invasive and highly feasible way to explore the global and regional contraction dysfunction in hypertrophic and heart failure myocardium in the murine model of pressure overload.     

Impact of a Bundle on Prevention and Control of Healthcare associated Infections in Intensive Care Unit

Inpatients in the intensive care unit(ICU) are at high risk for healthcare-associated infections(HAIs). In the current study, a bundle of interventions and measures for preventing and controlling HAIs were developed and implemented in the ICU by trained personnel, and the impact of the bundle was evaluated. The incidence of HAIs, the adjusted daily incidence of HAIs and the incidence of three types of catheter-related infections before and after the bundle implementation were compared. The execution rate of the bundle for preventing and controlling ventilator-associated pneumonia(VAP) was increased from 82.06% in 2012 to 96.88% in 2013. The execution rate was increased from 83.03% in 2012 to 91.33% in 2013 for central line-associated bloodstream infection(CLABSI), from 87.00% to 94.40% for catheter-associated urinary tract infection(CAUTI), and from 82.05% to 98.55% for multidrug-resistant organisms(MDROs), respectively. In total, 136 cases(10.37%) in 2012 and 113 cases(7.72%) in 2013 involved HAIs, respectively. Patients suffered from infection of the lower respiratory tract, the most common site of HAIs, in 134 cases(79.29%) in 2012 and 107 cases(74.30%) in 2013 respectively. The incidence of VAP was 32.72‰ and 24.60‰, the number of strains of pathogens isolated was 198 and 173, and the number of MDROs detected in the ICU was 91 and 74 in 2012 and 2013, respectively. The percentage of MDROs among the pathogens causing HAIs was decreased in each quarter of 2013 as compared with the corresponding percentage in 2012. In 2013, the execution rate of the bundle for preventing and controlling HAIs was increased, whereas the incidence of HAIs and VAP decreased as compared with that in 2012.     

Acrylamide-induced Subacute Neurotoxic Effects on the Cerebral Cortex and Cerebellum at the Synapse Level in Rats

Objective To investigate acrylamide(ACR)-induced subacute neurotoxic effects on the central nervous system(CNS) at the synapse level in rats. Methods Thirty-six Sprague Dawley(SD) rats were randomized into three groups,(1) a 30 mg/kg ACR-treated group,(2) a 50 mg/kg ACR-treated group, and(3) a normal saline(NS)-treated control group. Body weight and neurological changes were recorded each day. At the end of the test, cerebral cortex and cerebellum tissues were harvested and viewed using light and electron microscopy. Additionally, the expression of Synapsin Ⅰ and P-Synapsin Ⅰ in the cerebral cortex and cerebellum were investigated. Results The 50 mg/kg ACR-treated rats showed a significant reduction in body weight compared with untreated individuals(P 0.05). Rats exposed to ACR showed a significant increase in gait scores compared with the NS control group(P 0.05). Histological examination indicated neuronal structural damage in the 50 mg/kg ACR treatment group. The active zone distance(AZD) and the nearest neighbor distance(NND) of synaptic vesicles in the cerebral cortex and cerebellum were increased in both the 30 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg ACR treatment groups. The ratio of the distribution of synaptic vesicles in the readily releasable pool(RRP) was decreased. Furthermore, the expression levels of Synapsin Ⅰ and P-Synapsin Ⅰ in the cerebral cortex and cerebellum were decreased in both the 30 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg ACR treatment groups. Conclusion Subacute ACR exposure contributes to neuropathy in the rat CNS. Functional damage of synaptic proteins and vesicles may be a mechanism of ACR neurotoxicity.     

The Effect of Baihu Decoction (白虎汤) on Blood Glucose Levels in Treating Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome

In this paper we investigated the mechanisms of Baihu Decoction (白虎汤, BH) and Baihu with Radix Ginseng (BHG) in treating systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and sepsis in humans and animals. By reviewing published data on the effects of BH and BHG and the control of blood glucose in treating SIRS and sepsis, we found that (1) BH and BHG were beneficial in the treatment of SIRS and sepsis in humans and animals; (2) BH and BHG also had great effect in lowering blood glucose level; and (3) the tight control of blood glucose during critical illness substantially improved the outcome. Considering these data together, we hypothesize that one of the major mechanisms of BH and BHG in treating SIRS and sepsis is to lower the blood glucose level. The findings also suggest that the application of BH and BHG can extend to many acute illnesses and injuries, which commonly cause hyperglycemia.     

Protective Effect of Angiotensin(1-7) on Silicotic Fibrosis in Rats

Objective Silicosis, caused by inhalation of silica dust, is the most serious occupational disease in China and the aim of present study was to explore the protective effect of Ang (1-7) on silicotic fibrosis and myofibroblast differentiation induced by Ang Ⅱ. Methods HOPE-MED 8050 exposure control apparatus was used to establish the rat silicosis model. Pathological changes and collagen deposition of the lung tissue were examined by H.E. and VG staining, respectively. The localizations of ACE2 and a-smooth muscle actin (a-SMA) in the lung were detected by immunohistochemistry. Expression levels of collagen type Ⅰ, a-SMA, ACE2, and Mas in the lung tissue and fibroblasts were examined by western blot. Levels of ACE2, Ang (1-7), and Ang Ⅱ in serum were determined by ELISA. Co-localization of ACE2 and a-SMA in fibroblasts was detected by immunofluorescenee. Results Ang (1-7) induced pathological changes and enhanced collagen deposition in vivo. Ang (1-7) decreased the expressions of collagen type Ⅰ and a-SMA and increased the expressions of ACE2 and Mas in the silicotic rat lung tissue and fibroblasts stimulated by Ang Ⅱ. Ang (1-7) in creased the levels of ACE2 and Ang (1-7) and decreased the level of Ang Ⅱ in silicotic rat serum. A779 enhanced the protective effect of Ang (1-7) in fibroblasts stimulated by Ang Ⅱ. Conclusion Ang (1-7) exerted protective effect on silicotic fibrosis and myofibroblast differentiation induced by Ang Ⅱ by regulating ACE2-Ang (l-7)-Mas axis.     

Preliminary study on relationship between tcm syndrome-type and insulin resistance in coronary heart disease

To observe the relationship between TCM Syndrome-type and insulin resistance (ISR) in coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods: Fifty patients were divided into 3 groups according to the Syndrome Differentiation-typing in TCM, the Heart blood stasis (HBS) Syndrome group, the Phlegm-Turbid stagnation (PTS) Syndrome group and both Qi-Yin Deficiency (QYD) Syndrome group. The fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting blood insulin (Ins), insulin antibody (IAA), islet cell antibody (ICA), glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody (GAD-Ab) and related blood lipid parameters in patients were determined and insulin sensitive index (ISI) was calculated simultaneously. Then the above-mentioned data were compared with those determined in 20 healthy control subjects. Results: The levels of FBG and Ins in CHD group were higher than those in the healthy control group significantly (P＜0.05), but ISI level was obviously lower (P＜0.01). Moreover, the positive percentage of IAA (40%) was higher in CHD group than that in the control group (5%) significantly (P＜0.01). Comparison between the 3 TCM Syndrome-type groups and the control group showed that ISI level in HBS and PTS group was obviously lower than that in the control and the QYD (P＜0.05) respectively, and the IAA positive percentage in the former 2 groups (50%, 47.37%) was higher than that in the latter two (5%,P＜0.01 and 15.38%, P＜0.05) markedly. While Ins level increased only in the HBS group (P＜0.05). Besides, patients of HBS and PTS Syndrome were accompanied by lipid metabolic disturbance. Conclusion: ISR presents in part of CHD patients particularly in those with HBS and PTS Syndrome, which was partly due to the existence of serum IAA in patients.     

Effect of Xiaoaiping injection on advanced hepatocellular carcinoma in patients

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of Xiaoaiping Injection (XAP) on advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients. METHODS: Sixty-eight patients with advanced HCC were assigned to a control group of 36 and a treatment group of 32.The control group was treated with best supportive treatment (BST) and the treatment group was given XAP plus BST. XAP was administered daily by iv and the treatment course was lasted for 30 days for both groups.The immediate therapeutic efficacy, Karnofsky performance status (KPS) scores, and the changes in immunity indicators (CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells) were measured and compared before and after treatment. The progression-free survival (PFS) rate and overall survival (OS) rate in the 2 groups were analyzed. RESULTS: The immediate therapeutic efficacy and KPS of the treatment group were better than those in the control group (P<0.05). Patients in the treat-ment group had higher percentages of CD3 and CD4 T-lymphocytes in peripheral blood than those in the control group (P<0.05). The median survival time was 27.0 weeks in the treatment group and 24.5 weeks in the control group. The 6-months cumulative survival rates in the treatment and control groups were 33.3% and 25.0% , respectively, with no significant difference (P>0.05). The PFS was 18 weeks in the treatment group and 15 weeks in control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: XAP enhances the quality of life (QOL) of patients with advanced HCC, improves their immunity and extends their PFS.     

IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE TREATMENT OF CHILDHOOD APLASTIC ANEMIA WITH ANTITHYMOCYTE GLOBULIN (ATG) AND CYCLOSPORIN A (CSA)

This paper described the therapeutic efficacy of immunosuppressive (IS) treatment agents (ATG and CSA) and androgens in the treatment of childhood aplastic anemia (AA). The results showed that the overall curative rate was 52.4% in the ATG therapy group (21 cases) and 58.3% in the CSA therapy group (12 cases) respectively. The effective rate of all patients (SAA and CAA) was 58.1% in the IS group (18/31) and 40.4% in the androgens group (42/104), P>0.05. But, in the childhood patients with SAA, the clinical effective rate was 68.4% in the IS group and 7.9% in the androgens group, P<0.01. The laboratory tests revealed that the majority of the AA patients displalyed abnormal immunological states: inversed CD4/ CD8 ratio and increased IL-2 activity. These abnormal immunological states could be normalized in several patients when clinical response was abtained following IS therapy with ATG and CSA.     

Reliability of Three Dimentional Pseudo-continuous Arterial Spin Labeling:A Volumetric Cerebral Perfusion Imaging with Different Post-labeling Time and Functional State in Health Adults

Objective To evaluate the reliability of three dimensional spiral fast spin echo pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (3D pc-ASL) in measuring cerebral blood flow (CBF) with different post-labeling delay time (PLD) in the resting state and the right finger taping state. Methods 3D pc-ASL and three dimensional T1-weighted fast spoiled gradient recalled echo (3D T1-FSPGR) sequence were applied to eight healthy subjects twice at the same time each day for one week interval. ASL data acquisition was performed with post-labeling delay time (PLD) 1.5 seconds and 2.0 seconds in the resting state and the right finger taping state respectively. CBF mapping was calculated and CBF value of both the gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) was automatically extracted. The reliability was evaluated using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland and Altman plot. Results ICC of the GM (0.84) and WM (0.92) was lower at PLD 1.5 seconds than that (GM, 0.88; WM, 0.94) at PLD 2.0 seconds in the resting state, and ICC of GM (0.88) was higher in the right finger taping state than that in the resting state at PLD 1.5 seconds. ICC of the GM and WM was 0.71 and 0.78 for PLD 1.5 seconds and PLD 2.0 seconds in the resting state at the first scan, and ICC of the GM and WM was 0.83 and 0.79 at the second scan, respectively. Conclusion This work demonstrated that 3D pc-ASL might be a reliable imaging technique to measure CBF over the whole brain at different PLD in the resting state or controlled state.     

基因芯片-同时研究数以千计的生物技术

基因芯片技术的出现改变了生物科学的研究方法。该技术使得从假说驱动的研究方法转变为研究后产生新的假说。再没有必要提前确定将要研究的基因或基因组。取而代之，研究人员可以检验整个基因组成一实际上是几个有机物和全部与某一特殊生物过程有关基因组，可同时被辨认。反过来与传统的研究方法做一比较，此改变同时伴随着研究术语的改变。人们不再只是简单的研究基因表达。用基因芯片，笔者现在可进行基因学研究。也就是将大量基因同时表达出来。最初，基因芯片被用于某些与基因表达有关的生物过程的研究，如细胞周期调节或疾病的分类，如癌症。然而现在随着基因芯片的普及和研究领域的增加而致费用减低，使得基因芯片技术被应用于许多新的研究领域。当今已被用于农业研究，毒素学和食品检疫等研究领域。另外，尽管基因芯片起初是被设计基因表达的检测，现在它们被用于基因突变，蛋白质表达和蛋白质功能的研究。在过去几年中，蛋白质、细胞、组织及小分子芯片相继出现，使基因芯片技术进入更广泛的研究领域。该综述意在一般性回顾基因芯片技术及其应用。重点描述与基因有关的疾病和感染性疾病。同时涉及实验设计及资料分析。     

Graves病及合并桥本甲状腺炎53例临床分析

目的提高对Graves病和Graves病合并桥本甲状腺炎的认识.方法对我院1995～2000年53例经外科手术后病理确诊为Graves病患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析.结果单纯Graves病37例(69.8%),Graves病合并桥本甲状腺炎16例(30.2%).Graves病合并桥本甲状腺炎患者临床抗甲状腺药物治疗后的复发率高达81.2%(13/16),甲状腺组织中淋巴细胞的浸润程度和血清中TGAb、TPOAb滴度高于单纯Graves病者.术后1年甲状腺功能低下的发生率高达56%.结论对临床已确诊为Graves病而TGAb、TPOAb滴度较高者,要注意是否与桥本甲状腺炎同时合并存在.在选择外科手术时应慎重.     

63例儿童川崎病的临床分析

目的了解儿童川崎病(kawasaki disease,KD)的临床特点,诊断治疗及冠脉损伤危险因素,为临床诊治提供参考。方法选取2014年7月至2019年7月63例确诊为川崎病的患儿临床资料进行回顾性分析,统计比较不同类型川崎病患儿的性别、年龄、主要临床症状、相关实验室检查、心脏彩超、合并症和治疗效果。结果 63例KD患儿中,典型KD 41例,不完全KD 22例,合并冠状动脉损害(coronary artery disease,CAL)19例,其中典型KD为34.15%(14/41),不完全KD为22.73%(5/22),两组患者CAL发生率差异无统计学意义;典型KD的球结膜充血、淋巴结肿大、多形性皮疹、手足硬肿显著高于不完全KD,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患儿WBC、中性比例、HGB、PLT、CRP、ESR比较差异无统计学意义。结论不完全KD临床表现不典型,易误诊、漏诊,结合实验室指标,对该病早诊断、早治疗,可减少儿童冠状动脉损害发生率。     

相关的肾外血管疾病对动脉粥样硬化性肾血管疾病的影响

动脉粥样硬化性肾血管病(ARVD)是一种衰老性疾病，虽然可能没有临床症状，但它是弥漫性血管疾病的一种表现，许多ARVD患出现肾外血管疾病的临床表现。ARVD是高血压和慢性。肾功能衰竭(CRF)常见原因，也是老年终末期肾功能衰竭(ESRF)患接受透析程序治疗的最常见肾病诊断之一。在这些患中，肾损害的原因仍然是有争议的问题。ARVD患死亡率高，尤其是那些有肾功能衰竭。本综述了相关的肾外血管疾病与ARVD之间的相互关系，以及对ARVD患肾功能和死亡率的影响，同时也回顾了最新的ARVD患肾功能不全的可能发病机制的有关证据。     

牙周疾病与冠状动脉性心脏病的关系

牙周疾病是由菌斑微生物所引起的牙齿周围支持组织的慢性感染性疾病,包括牙龈炎(仅侵犯牙龈组织)和牙周炎(侵犯牙龈、牙槽骨、牙周膜和牙骨质多种组织),牙龈出现炎症,牙周炎时还表现为牙周袋形成、附着丧失和牙槽骨吸收、牙齿松动,最后可导致丧牙.     

2006年6月至7月传染病世界疫情简报

1禽流感疫情 2006年6月1日，丹麦Funen县Tommerup的一家孵卵所的鸡、鸭子和鹅群中暴发了一场低致病性禽流感。该疾病是由丹麦兽医和食品研究所通过PCR检测和基因测序确诊的。     

鞍钢职工心脑血管疾病现状及防治措施的研究

目的:分析鞍钢在职职工心脑血管疾病的现状及易患因素分布情况。方法:通过对95912人的心脑血管疾病既往史、吸烟、血压、糖尿病、血清总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白、体重指数、总胆固醇/高密度脂蛋白、胆固醇的比值等数据的分析,前瞻性得出受检人群心脑血管疾病发病的危险分层概率。结果:冠心病1910例(占1.99%)、脑血管病607例(占0.63%)、吸烟19453例(占20.28%)、糖尿病788例(占0.82%)、高血压31698例(占33.05%)、高脂血症8347例(占8.70%)、体重超重55462例(占57.83%)、总胆固醇(TC)/高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)≥3.5者10487例(占10.93%);缺血性心血管病发病概率多分布于极低危(68.14%)和低危(5.75%),中危(0.87%)占很小的比例,颈动脉粥样硬化斑块发生概率多分布于高危(44.23%)、中危(23.21%)和极高危(10.51%),无低危和极低危。结论:鞍钢在职职工的健康状况不容乐观,应进一步加大健康知识宣教力度,并采取相应预防措施。     

白塞氏病并心血管系统病变10例报告

本文报告10例白塞氏病合并心血管系统病变,包括较少见的心肌梗塞、夹层动脉瘤,并加以分析。认为此病在心血管系统的表现可呈多种形式,如血栓性静脉炎、动脉狭窄与闭塞、动脉瘤,亦可累及冠状血管,表现为心绞痛与心肌梗塞。其心脏病变可表现为心包炎,心肌炎、心瓣膜病等。但本质仍为全身性血管炎的一部分。临床诊断较困难,易误诊。确诊主要依据白塞氏病其他临床表现,如口腔及阴部溃疡,眼及皮肤改变。     

妊娠期高血压性心脏病23例临床分析

目的：防治妊娠期高血压性心脏病的有效方法,减少并发症,降低孕产妇和围生儿的死亡率。方法：采用回顾性分析的方法对23例妊娠期高血压疾病心脏病进行分析。结果：妊娠期高血压疾病心脏病的发生率为0．15％,占同期妊娠期高血压疾病的1．65％,孕产妇病死率为0．01％。围生儿病死率为34．78％。结论：加强基层妇幼保健工作,普遍进行产前检查,早期发现并积极治疗妊娠高血压疾病可降低妊娠期高血压性心脏病的发生率;妊娠期高血压疾病合并贫血、低蛋白血症、严重水肿及不恰当的扩溶治疗是妊娠期高血压疾病中心脏病发病的危险因素;治疗应在强心、利尿、扩血管的基础上,积极治疗原发病,适时终止妊娠。当一般治疗不能改善临床症状时,应果断终止妊娠,以挽救产妇生命。     

101例儿童川崎病临床分析

目的总结川崎病的临床特点。方法分析我院住院确诊的101例川崎病患儿的临床资料。结果川崎病患儿中男79例,女22例,比例为3.59∶1;5岁以下儿童多见,占89.11%;发病全年散发,以3～4月份最多。口唇潮红皲裂是仅次于发热的重要临床表现;卡斑红的临床发生率相对较高。冠状动脉病变发生率为29.70%,心脏损伤不限于冠状动脉,还见于心肌、心内膜和心包;静脉注射丙种球蛋白(IVIG)联合阿司匹林治疗有效率为91.09%。结论早期诊断,及时应用IVIG对川崎病治疗及预防冠状动脉病变有重要意义。