虎杖的化学成分研究

目的对虎杖根及根茎的化学成分进行研究。方法采用硅胶柱色谱进行分离,通过化学和波谱分析方法鉴定化合物结构。结果从其乙醇提取物的乙醚部分分离得到7个化合物,分别鉴定为大黄素甲醚(Ⅰ)、大黄素(Ⅱ)、黄葵内酯(Ⅲ)、β-谷甾醇(Ⅳ)、齐墩果酸(Ⅴ)、香豆素(Ⅵ)和2-乙氧基-8-乙酰基-1,4-萘醌(Ⅶ)。结论化合物Ⅶ为新化合物,命名为虎杖素A(cuspidatumin A),Ⅲ为首次从虎杖中分得。     

Box-Behnken响应面法优化虎杖提取工艺及其质量标准研究

目的:优化虎杖提取工艺,在此基础上建立虎杖提取物的质量标准。方法:以虎杖苷、白藜芦醇、大黄素含量的综合评分(Y)为评价指标,采用Box-Behnken响应面法对虎杖提取工艺的乙醇浓度、提取时间、提取温度进行筛选。根据优化工艺制备10批来自不同产地的虎杖提取物,采用TLC建立提取物中虎杖苷、大黄素的定性鉴别方法,并计算10批提取物的含水量。运用HPLC得到10批提取物中虎杖苷、白藜芦醇、大黄素的含量,并建立提取物指纹图谱。结果:响应面法优化出的工艺为乙醇浓度60%、提取时间75 min、提取温度70℃。TLC结果显示提取物中虎杖苷、大黄素的斑点清晰,分离度好。10批提取物的水分含量范围为2.83%-5.17%。虎杖苷、白藜芦醇、大黄素的含量范围分别为15.19-36.36 mg/g、0.95-5.71 mg/g、5.20-15.47 mg/g。10批虎杖提取物的指纹图谱中出现了11个共有峰,与对照指纹图谱的相似度均高于0.90。结论:优化出的虎杖提取工艺稳定可行,在此基础上建立的虎杖提取物质量标准可重复性和稳定性良好。初步拟定虎杖提取物中水分不得过6.00%。按干燥品计算,虎杖苷、白藜芦...     

虎杖及其成方制剂微乳薄层色谱研究

目的:探讨微乳薄层色谱法在虎杖及其成方制剂分离鉴定中的应用.方法:以聚酰胺薄膜为固定相,SDS-正丁醇-正庚烷-水微乳液作为展开剂,采用大黄素、大黄素甲醚、大黄酚、大黄素苷、白藜芦醇及白藜芦醇苷为对照品,对虎杖及其成方制剂进行微乳薄层色谱研究.结果:以含水量为75％的微乳液-甲酸(9∶1)为展开剂,能够使虎杖及其成方制...     

毛脉酸模的化学成分研究(Ⅳ)

目的研究毛脉酸模的化学成分。方法采用硅胶柱色谱、聚酰胺柱色谱及制备高效液相色谱等分离手段,通过理化性质及波谱分析鉴定结构。结果从毛脉酸模乙醇提取物的60%乙醇洗脱部位中分离出10个单体化合物,分别为酸模素(Ⅰ)、大黄素(Ⅱ)、6-羟基芦荟大黄素(Ⅲ)、6′-乙酰基-大黄酚-8-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(Ⅳ)、大黄酚-8-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(Ⅴ)、白藜芦醇(Ⅵ)、9,9′-双蒽酮2,2′-二甲基-5,5′-二(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖)-9,9′,10,10′-四氢4,4′-二羟基10,10′-二羰基(Ⅶ)、大黄素-8-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(Ⅷ)、白藜芦醇-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(Ⅸ)、芦丁(Ⅹ)。结论化合物Ⅶ经文献检索为新化合物,命名为酸模苷A(rumoside A)。化合物Ⅲ、Ⅳ为首次从酸模属植物中分离得到,化合物Ⅴ、Ⅷ、Ⅹ为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

虎杖多指标成分测定及质量控制方法研究

目的 采用HPLC-DAD和HPLC-TOF/MS对虎杖中二苯乙烯类、蒽醌类和黄酮类等化合物进行快速分析,将多指标成分的测定和明晰化指纹图谱共同应用于中药质量控制的研究模式中。方法 采用Agilent SB-C_l8柱（250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm）,以0.1%甲酸水溶液和乙腈为流动相进行梯度洗脱,分别采用HPLC-DAD和HPLC-TOF/MS两种分析方法对虎杖中化学成分进行分离测定。结果 共从虎杖鉴别出中2个二苯乙烯类、10个蒽醌类和10个黄酮类成分,HPLC-DAD法可以同时测定虎杖药材中的虎杖苷、白藜芦醇和大黄素、大黄素甲醚。结论 采用HPLC-DAD和HPLC-TOF/MS对虎杖中二苯乙烯类、蒽醌类和黄酮类成分进行快速分析测定,有效地控制虎杖的质量。     

发酵何首乌的化学成分研究与鉴定

目的探讨经微生物发酵何首乌前后药理作用改变的物质基础,对发酵后的何首乌化学物质成分进行分离和鉴定.方法经微生物发酵后的何首乌药材分别通过乙酸乙酯和正丁醇的提取,并对提取物进行硅胶柱正相分离方法得到化学成分.结果在发酵何首乌中通过光谱分析法鉴定得到6个化学成分,分别为w-羟基大黄素,大黄素,大黄素甲醚,正丁基-β-D-吡喃果糖,大黄酚,决明酮-8-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷.结论微生物发酵何首乌中主要的化学成分为大黄素和大黄素甲醚,化学成分与生何首乌相比没有发生明显的变化.     

窄叶大黄蒽醌类化学成分研究

目的对窄叶大黄根及根茎的化学成分进行研究.方法采用硅胶柱层析进行分离,通过化学和波谱分析方法鉴定化合物结构.结果分离得到6个蒽酯类化合物,分别鉴定为大黄酚(chrysophanol,Ⅰ)、大黄素甲醚(physcion,Ⅱ)、大黄素(emodin,Ⅲ)、大黄素-8-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(emodin-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,Ⅳ)、芦荟大黄素-8-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(aloe-emodin-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,Ⅴ)和ω-羟基大黄素(citreorosein,Ⅵ).结论上述化合物均为首次从窄叶大黄中分得.     

文冠木化学成分的研究

目的对文冠木的化学成分进行系统研究。方法用硅胶柱层析、制备薄层层析、pharmadexLH-20柱层析法分离,波谱法鉴定结构。结果从文冠木的醇提物中分离得到7个单体化合物,分别为:大黄酚(1)、大黄素甲醚(2)、β-谷甾醇(3)、豆甾醇(4)、大黄素(5)、2,5-二甲氧基苯醌(6)、槲皮素(7)。结论化合物1、2和5为首次从文冠果属植物中分得,并且是首次从文冠果属植物中分得蒽醌类成分,化合物3和4为首次从文冠木中分离得到。     

蒙古黄芪化学成分研究

目的:研究蒙古黄芪的化学成分。方法:利用各种柱色谱方法进行分离纯化,采用多种波谱手段鉴定化合物的结构。结果:共分离得到了12个成分,分别为(6aR,11aR)3-羟基-9,10-二甲氧基紫檀烷(化合物1)、(6aR,11aR)9,10-二甲氧基紫檀烷-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(化合物2)、(3R)8,2’-二羟基-7,4’-二甲氧基异黄烷(化合物3)、龙胆黄素(化合物4)、大黄素(化合物5)、熊果酸(化合物6)、黄芪皂苷II(化合物7)、异黄芪皂苷II(化合物8)、黄芪皂苷VII(化合物9)、黄芪皂苷IV(化合物10)、黄芪皂苷I(化合物11)和大豆皂苷I(化合物12)。结论:以上化合物中龙胆黄素为首次从黄芪属植物中分离得到,大黄素、熊果酸、黄芪皂苷VII和大豆皂苷I为首次从蒙古黄芪中分离得到。     

虎杖生品及不同炮制品中虎杖苷、白藜芦醇和大黄素含量

目的：测定虎杖生品与炮制品中虎杖苷、白藜芦醇和大黄素的含量。方法：采用HPLC法进行测定,色谱柱为Diamonsil C18（200mm×4.6mm,5μm）,流动相为乙腈-0.1%磷酸水溶液,进行梯度洗脱,流速为1.0mL/min,检测波长为306nm。结果：不同炮制品中虎杖苷含量由高到低的顺序：盐制〉醋制〉酒制〉豆汁制,而白藜芦醇和大黄素的含量由高到低的顺序为：豆汁制〉酒制〉醋制〉盐制。结论：此方法简便,准确可靠,虎杖苷、白藜芦醇和大黄素的同时测定,可为虎杖药材的质量控制提供可靠的参考。不同的炮制方法对虎杖苷、白藜芦醇和大黄素的含量影响较大,其中豆汁制对3种成分的含量影响最大,其虎杖苷含量明显降低,而白藜芦醇和大黄素则升高显著。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.     

TCM Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Tonifying the Kidney and Strengthening the Governor Vessel

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic and progressive disorder with inflammation mainly involving the central axis joints. It mainly affects the cervical spine and the lumbosacral area, with the pathogenesis closely related to the kidney and the Governor Vessel (GV). TCM holds that the syndrome is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality, which is due to insufficiency of the kidney, deficiency of GV, and blocking of the channels with the invasion of exogenous evil, leading to poor circulation of qi and blood and malnutrition of the bones, muscles and joints. The TCM method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening GV to regulate circulation of qi and blood and check the arthralgia pain should be adopted, with the Kidney-Tonifying and GV Strengthening Decoction (益肾强督汤) prescribed.     

IMPROVING P-gp EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN VITRO TRANSFECTED BY MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-1 mRNA

CHEMOTHERAPY playsa greatrolein the treat- ment of malignanttumors,especiallyingynecolo- gicalones.But inanticancerchemotherapy,leuko-cytopeniaisfrequentlytheprimarydose-limitingsideeffect factor.Moreover,cancersarefrequentlychemoresistantbe-causeof overexpressionof P-glycoprotein(P-gp), which isencodedby multidrugresistancegene (MDR1 ) and detectableinup to50% ofhuman cancersand renderscellsresistancetoanticancerdrugs.The safetyand potentialtherapeuticbenefitof mdr1 gene transferredto h…