HPLC法测定SHR血清中硝苯地平浓度及其药代动力学研究

目的建立血清中硝苯地平浓度的ＨＰＬＣ测定法，研究其在自发性高血压大鼠（ＳＨＲ）体内的药动学。方法ＳＨＲ灌胃给与硝苯地平１０ｍｇ／ｋｇ，用ＨＰＬＣ法测定硝苯地平血清浓度。用乙酸乙酯提取出血清中的硝苯地平，在５０℃水浴中用氮气吹干，残渣用流动相溶解后进样。选用ｓｈｉｍＰａｃｋＣＬＣ－ＯＤＳ柱，甲醇－水（６∶４）作流动相，检测波长２３５ｎｍ。结果：硝苯地平最低检出浓度为０．０２μｇ／ｍｌ，标准曲线线性范围为０．０２～５．０μｇ／ｍｌ（ｒ＝０．９９９７），血样平均回收率为９８．０９％。硝苯地平在大鼠体内的药动学符合一定开放模型，其参数为Ｔ１／２ｋａ＝０．８２８±０．５５ｈ，Ｔ１／２ｋｅ＝３．１７±２．３２ｈ，Ｔｍａｘ＝２．１２±１．４７ｈ，Ｃｍａｘ＝２．７８±１．５０μｇ／ｍｌ和ＡＵＣ＝２４．５±２９．２ｈ·μｇ／ｍｌ。结论本法能满足血清中硝苯地平浓度测定及药动学研究的需要。     

用HPLC法同时测定洗必泰及有关杂质对氯苯胺的研究

采用反相高效液相色谱法同时测定了洗必泰及有关杂质对氯苯胺浓度。用Ｚｏｒｂａｘ－Ｃ＿８柱，０．２ｍｏｌ／ＬＮａＨ＿２ＰＯ＿４（ｐＨ３．０）－甲醇（４９．５：５０．５）为流动相，非那西丁为内标，２４０ｎｍ波长检测。本法简便准确，重现性好。洗必泰和对氯苯胺分别在１５～２００μｇ／ｍｌ和６０～１２００μｇ／ｍｌ浓度范围内线性关系良好（ｒ＝０．９９９９），最低检测限分别为１．３３μｇ／ｍｌ和７．５μｇ／ｍｌ（Ｓ／Ｎ＝３：１），平均回收率分别为１００．１％和１０３．１％。相对标准偏差Ｒ５０％分别为１．４１％和１．１４％。     

高效液相色谱法测定人血浆中大黄酸含量及药动学研究

目的：建立高效液相色谱法测定人血浆中大黄酸的含量，研究大黄酸在正常人体内的药物动力学。方法：色谱柱为ＳｐｈｅｒｉｓｏｒｂＣ１８５μ，２５０ｍｍ×４．６ｍｍ；流动相为甲醇－水－冰乙酸（８０∶２０∶０．５，ｐＨ３．７），紫外λ／ｎｍ２５４ｎｍ检测。用３Ｐ８７程序计算６名健康志愿者口服１００ｍｇ大黄酸后的药动学参数。结果：血药浓度在０．１～１０．０μｇ／ｍｌ范围内线性关系良好，其相关系数ｒ＝０．９９９４，最小检测浓度３０ｎｇ／ｍｌ。回收率＞９１．８％；日内、日间相对标准偏差（ＲＳＤ）分别＜８．４％、１０．３％（ｎ＝５）。主要药动学参数为ｔ１／２＝４．０８±０．５３ｈ，ｔｍａｘ＝２．２４±０．６３ｈ，Ｃｍａｘ＝１１．８５±５．０３μｇ／ｍｌ，ＡＵＣ０→∞＝９３．４±４３．５μｇ／（ｈ·ｍｌ）。结论：该方法简单、灵敏，并为大黄酸的进一步研究开发创造了条件     

眼镜蛇神经毒素中枢性镇痛作用脑内受体的研究

目的：探讨纯化的眼镜蛇神经毒素（α－Ｃｏｂｒｏｔｏｘｉｎ,α－ＣＢＴ）中枢性镇痛作用的有关受体,为研究α－ＣＢＴ的中枢镇痛作用机理提供依据。方法：给大鼠腹腔注射阿托品１ｍｇ．ｋｇ＾－１或纳洛酮３ｍｇ．ｋｇ＾－１后,再向大鼠中脑导水管周围灰质（Ｐｅｒｉａｑｕｅｄｕｃｔａｌ Ｇｒａｙ,ＰＡＧ）微量注射２ｇ／Ｌ的α－ＣＢＴ生理盐水溶液０．５μｌ（相当于０．５μｇ．ｋｇ＾－１）,用光辐射甩尾法观察大鼠的痛     

用RP—HPLC法分析地尔硫Zhuo在兔体内的药动学及组织分布

以尼群地平为内标，用反相高效液相色谱法（ＲＰ－ＨＰＬＣ）测定兔口服地尔硫Ｚｈｕｏ后血浆和组织器官的药物浓度。药动学符合二房室模型。主要参数：Ｔ１／２（ａ）＝０．５１ｈ，Ｔ１／２（β）＝６．１１ｈ，Ｔ１／１／（ｋａ）＝０．２５ｈ，Ｔ（ｐ）＝０．５２ｈ，口服２ｈ后在胆汁、血、脾、心、肾、肝、大脑和小脑药物浓度分别为：０．５５９ｍｇ／Ｌ、０．３７５ｍｇ／Ｌ、４．５６２μｇ／ｇ、０．７７１μｇ／ｇ、１．０     

阿霉素在小鼠体内诱导S—180瘤细胞凋亡的作用

（１）目的探讨阿霉素对细胞凋亡的影响。（２）用低剂量（３．２５μｇ）阿霉素处理Ｓ－１８０瘤细胞腹腔接种的ＢＡＢＬ／Ｃ小鼠，０～７２ｈ取腹水，用流式细胞仪测定细胞ＤＮＡ相对含量，（３）结果阿霉素处理０，２４，４８，７２ｈ后，凋亡细胞分别占０．５％，８．３％，３８．１％，６２．５％，７２ｈ后凋亡达到高峰，并在Ｓ１－８０瘤细胞接种鼠腹水中出现依时间递增的淋巴细胞，（４）结论：阿霉素对Ｓ－１８０瘤细胞是一     

高甲状腺激素水平作用下大鼠心肌微粒体几种ATP酶活性的变化

给Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠连续６０ｄ口服甲状腺素片（每只４ｍｇ／ｄ）,使大鼠处于高甲状腺激素状态,然后检测其心肌微粒体几种ＡＴＰ酶活性。结果：实验组大鼠出现甲亢体征,Ｎａ＋,Ｋ＋－ＡＴＰ酶,Ｃａ２＋－ＡＴＰ酶活性分别为７．６±１．３和１６．５±１．８μｍｏｌＰｉ·ｇＨｂ－１·ｈ－１,均明显低于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）,Ｍｇ２＋－ＡＴＰ酶活性为３５．３±２．５μｍｏｌＰｉ·ｇＨｂ－１·ｈ－１,明显高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）。上述结果表明,甲亢时心肌微粒体Ｎａ＋,Ｋ＋泵和Ｃａ２＋泵功能发生了改变,心肌细胞钙代谢失常。     

高效液相色谱法测定舒他西林片中氨苄青霉素的血药浓度及药动学研究

采用ＨＰＬＣ－荧光检测法测定舒他西林片中氨苄青霉素的血药浓度，采用ＳｐｈｅｒｉｓｏｒｂＯＤＳ柱，流动相为磷酸盐缓冲液（０．０５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，ｐＨ＝４．０）－乙腈（７８２２，Ｖ／Ｖ），标准曲线范围０．２２～１３．８９μｇ／ｍｌ，ｒ＝０．９９９７，保留时间为７．３ｍｉｎ，回收率大于９５％，日内和日间差小于７％，最低检测浓度为０．２２μｇ／ｍｌ，无内源性杂质干扰。９名受试者的主要药动学参数：Ｔ１／２＝１．０４±０．２２ｈ，Ｃｍａｘ＝１２．３５±３．１３μｇ／ｍｌ，Ｔｍａｘ＝０．８３±０．４５ｈ，ＡＵＣ＝１９．４９±３．４６μｇｈ／ｍｌ。     

眼镜蛇神经毒素中枢性镇痛作用的研究

目的：研究眼镜蛇神经毒素α－Ｃｏｂｒｏｔｏｘｉｎ的中枢性镇痛作用。方法：给大鼠中脑导水管周围灰质（Ｐｅｒｉａｑｕｅｄｕｃｔａｌ Ｇａｒｙ,ＰＡＧ）注射微量α－Ｃｏｂｒｏｔｏｘｉｎ,采用热辐射甩尾法观察中枢性镇痛作用。结果：给予大鼠ＰＡＧ分别匀速注射０．５、１和２ｇ／Ｌ３个浓度的α－Ｃｏｂｒｏｔｏｘｉｎ生理盐水溶液各０．５μｌ（相当于１．２５～５μｇ／ｋｇ）,出现痛阈明显升高,２０ｍｉｎ达峰值（痛阈     

阿片受体拮抗剂在TNF－α所致体温升高中的作用

为探索细胞介素ＴＮＦ－α升体温效应与下丘脑前部、视前区（ＰＯＡＨ）中的阿片受体的关系。应用脑神经核团微量注射方法给自由状态下的雄性ＳＤ大鼠ＰＯＡＨ区微量注射ＴＮＦ－α致热源。给药前３０ｍｉｎ分别用通常阿片受体拮抗剂Ｎａｌ（１０～２０μｇ）和特异性阿片受体μ、δ和κ的拮抗剂ＣＴＡＰ（１．０～２．５μｇ）、ＮＴＩ（０．２５～０．５μｇ）和ｎｏｒ－ＢＮＩ（０．１～３μｇ）对ＰＯＡＨ做预处理。结果：单独给ＴＮＦ－α可致剂量相关的体温升高△Ｔ（１℃～１．４℃）；经Ｎａｌ１０μｇ，ＣＴＡＰ１．０μｇ和ＮＴＩ０．５μｇ处理后使ＴＮＦ－α的升体温效应减弱；用Ｎａｌ２０μｇ，ＣＴＡＰ２．５μｇ和ＮＴＩ０．２５μｇ处理后可完全阻断ＴＮＦ－α所致的体温升高；ｎｏｒ－ＢＮＩ（０．１～３μｇ）对ＴＮＦ－α的升体温效应无影响。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.     

TCM Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Tonifying the Kidney and Strengthening the Governor Vessel

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic and progressive disorder with inflammation mainly involving the central axis joints. It mainly affects the cervical spine and the lumbosacral area, with the pathogenesis closely related to the kidney and the Governor Vessel (GV). TCM holds that the syndrome is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality, which is due to insufficiency of the kidney, deficiency of GV, and blocking of the channels with the invasion of exogenous evil, leading to poor circulation of qi and blood and malnutrition of the bones, muscles and joints. The TCM method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening GV to regulate circulation of qi and blood and check the arthralgia pain should be adopted, with the Kidney-Tonifying and GV Strengthening Decoction (益肾强督汤) prescribed.     

IMPROVING P-gp EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN VITRO TRANSFECTED BY MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-1 mRNA

CHEMOTHERAPY playsa greatrolein the treat- ment of malignanttumors,especiallyingynecolo- gicalones.But inanticancerchemotherapy,leuko-cytopeniaisfrequentlytheprimarydose-limitingsideeffect factor.Moreover,cancersarefrequentlychemoresistantbe-causeof overexpressionof P-glycoprotein(P-gp), which isencodedby multidrugresistancegene (MDR1 ) and detectableinup to50% ofhuman cancersand renderscellsresistancetoanticancerdrugs.The safetyand potentialtherapeuticbenefitof mdr1 gene transferredto h…