甘孜州藏族中老年人结膜囊细菌状况调查

目的了解藏族中老年人结膜囊细菌状况。方法对甘孜州两个藏族聚居点的中老年人群145例290眼刮取下睑结膜囊分泌物,接种于血平板,培养48h后进行细菌分离鉴定。结果 290眼中结膜囊细菌培养阳性147眼,培养阳性率50.74%。培养出菌株164株。其中表皮葡萄球菌77株（47.0%）。棒状杆菌46株（28.0%）。结论多数藏族老年人结膜囊存在细菌;表皮葡萄球菌、棒状杆菌是藏族中老年人结膜囊的优势菌种。     

绵阳市中老年人结膜囊细菌状况调查分析

目的了解绵阳市中老年人结膜囊细菌状况。方法对绵阳市郊区两个聚居点的中老年人群160例320眼刮取下睑结膜囊分泌物,接种于血平板,培养48-72h后进行细菌分离鉴定。结果 320眼中结膜囊细菌培养阳性212眼,培养阳性率66.3%。培养出菌株238株;革兰阳性菌占94.1%;以棒状杆菌最多,共144株（60.5%）;表皮葡萄球菌53株（22.3%）。结论多数绵阳市汉族中老年人结膜囊带菌,以革兰阳性菌为主,棒状杆菌及表皮葡萄球菌为其结膜囊的优势菌种,尤以棒状杆菌为多。     

正常结膜囊带菌情况分析

目的:调查不同人群正常结膜囊带菌情况及其对常用抗生素的敏感情况.方法:对未使用任何滴眼液和抗生素的200名受调查者,常规眼科检查排除泪囊、眼表、前节疾病后,进行结膜囊细菌培养和药物敏感试验.结果:在全部受调查者中,细菌培养阳性率为43.00%,共培养出15个菌种103个菌株;葡萄球菌最多,共51株(占49.51%),其中表皮葡萄球菌47株(45.63%),金黄色葡萄球菌2株(1.94%);类白喉杆菌次之,共40株(38.83%).>55岁人群结膜囊带菌率明显高于≤55岁人群,农村人群高于城市人群,均差异显著(P<0.05).药物敏感试验显示大部分菌株对目前常用抗生素耐药.结论:正常结膜囊可以带有细菌.内眼手术前应选用敏感抗生素以预防术后感染的发生.     

老年人院内感染性肺炎的临床特征及细菌分类研究

目的:观察老年人院内感染性肺炎的临床特征及细菌分类情况。方法:选择发生院内感染性肺炎的老年患者68例纳入老年组,选择同期接受治疗且发生院内感染性肺炎的中年患者68例纳入中年组,比较两组患者静脉血细菌培养、痰液情况、胸部体征、胸部X线等指标。结果:老年组患者的发热、咳嗽咯痰、湿啰音、WBC升高及肺炎克雷伯杆菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、鲍曼不动杆菌+肺炎克雷伯杆菌等细菌检出率均高于中年组,差异显著(P<0.05),而肺炎球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌检出率均低于中年组,差异显著(P<0.05)。结论:老年人院内感染性肺炎的临床特征和细菌分类与中年人存在明显差异。     

吉林市正常老年人群结膜囊细菌分布及术前用药的研究

目的 对吉林市正常老年人群结膜囊细菌分布进行研究,通过4种常用药物的结膜囊处理结果得出适合吉林市老年人术前使用的药物.方法 对608位正常老年人结膜囊分泌物进行细菌培养.选择培养阳性的200人分组,使用4种药物进行每日6次点眼,连续3 d后再次培养.结果 首次培养阳性率为38.98%.发现阳性细菌11种,葡萄球菌为主要细菌,其中表皮葡萄球菌占优势为56.96%.4种药物处理后再次培养,细菌数量均减少.结论 术前应用抗生素眼药水可以明显减少结膜囊内细菌数量,左氧氟沙星效果最好.     

100例老年人尿NAG、尿沉渣定量检测结果分析

通过对老年人进行尿NAG和沉渣定量检测,经统计分析老年人尿NAG与对照成年组、儿童组比较(P<0.05),有显著意义,尿NAG属于细胞内溶酶体酶,主要来源于肾,特别是肾单位、近曲小管上皮细胞是一种灵敏的肾小管标志物,认为NAG活性增高与年龄增大,肾单位数减少,机能减退有一定的相关性.男性老年组尿沉渣红细胞、白细胞计数与对照成青年组、儿童组比较(P>0.05);女性老年组尿沉渣红细胞、白细胞与对照青年组、儿童组比较(P>0.05)均无显著意义.尿沉渣离心浓缩后滴入血细胞池内计数,再换算成每升的数量使其量化,建立老年人尿沉渣血细胞及NAG正常参考范围对泌尿系疾病的诊断及疗效监测有一定的实际意义.     

非白喉棒状杆菌性眼内炎1例并文献复习

目的探讨非白喉棒状杆菌性眼内炎的临床特点、诊断及治疗方法。方法回顾性分析1例非白喉棒状杆菌性眼内炎的临床资料并进行文献复习。结果患者表现为轻度畏光、流泪等低毒性细菌感染症状,伴显著的前房和玻璃体积脓,经玻璃体切割术联合玻璃体腔万古霉素注射后治愈。细菌培养为革兰阳性棒状杆菌,药敏试验对万古霉素、氟喹诺酮类、氨基糖苷类敏感。结论非白喉棒状杆菌性眼内炎具有相对低毒性细菌感染症状和严重葡萄膜和玻璃体炎症的特点,主张早期作细菌培养和药敏试验,如炎症不能控制应及时行玻璃体切割术。内眼手术术前结膜囊的无菌化要求是预防非白喉棒状杆菌眼内炎的关键。     

60例成人慢性鼻窦炎需氧菌初步研究

目的 研究成年慢性鼻窦炎患者窦口鼻道复合体作为一个整体的需氧菌情况。方法 选择40例成年患者分为S(I型组)与P(Ⅱ型组)，同时设正常对照组20例，采集不同部位标本，进行需氧菌分离培养及药物敏感试验，比较阳性率、3个部位相同率、主要细菌等3个指标。结果 对照组20例阳性率低，在40例120个部位中共检出细菌50例，分别归9属13种，主要为表皮葡萄球菌、类白喉棒状杆菌、流感嗜血杆菌、产气肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌等。上述指标的比较两型间均无明显差别，但3个部位则多不相同。大多对青霉素类、头孢菌素类、氨基甙类(庆大霉素)敏感，其中表皮葡萄球菌多数为耐甲氧西林菌株。结论 探讨了需氧菌在慢性鼻窦炎中的地位；从需氧菌角度，病变时的窦口鼻道复合体各部位之间存在一种割裂和彼此独立的状态；并对抗生素应用进行了分析。     

白内障超声乳化术前结膜囊细菌种类及药物敏感性

目的观察白内障超声乳化术前患者结膜囊细菌种类及药物敏感性。方法对白内障超声乳化术前398例398眼结膜囊取材进行细菌培养,并观察培养阳性的细菌对临床常见抗生素的药物敏感性。结果细菌培养阳性113眼,阳性率为28.4%。白内障患者术前结膜囊细菌主要由革兰阳性(G )菌构成(92.9%),其中G 球菌占87.6%,G 杆菌占5.3%。而革兰阴性(G-)杆菌占7.1%。G 球菌以表皮葡萄球菌为主(72.6%),其次微球菌占7.1%,金黄色葡萄球菌占6.2%。大多数菌株对氧氟沙星、妥布霉素、万古霉素、利福平及左氧氟沙星敏感性较好,耐药性<10%。结论表皮葡萄球菌是超声乳化术前患者结膜囊存在的最常见菌。术前预防性抗生素使用可选氧氟沙星、妥布霉素、利福平及左氧氟沙星。     

超重/肥胖患者高胰岛素血症与低钾周期性瘫痪的关系研究

【摘要】 目的比较彝族中老年人干眼症与正常人眼结膜囊细菌状况。方法筛查出九龙县两个彝族聚居点的老年人群中干眼症70人140眼,刮取下睑结膜囊分泌物进行细菌培养分离鉴定。以同一人群中正常人66人132眼作为对照组进行分析对比。结果干眼症组结膜囊细菌阳性率72.1%(101/140),正常组阳性率67.4%(89/132),差异无统计学意义(P=0.397)。两组间不同性别之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。干眼症95.2%(98/103)为革兰阳性菌,正常人群91.1%(82/90)为革兰阳性菌;优势菌种均为表皮葡萄球菌和棒状杆菌,其构成比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干眼症组与正常组中单菌与多菌共存构成比、菌种平均数差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论彝族老年人干眼症与正常人结膜囊细菌阳性率差别不明显;两组结膜囊细菌以革兰阳性菌为主;优势细菌种属及其构成比相似,均为结膜囊正常菌群。 更多还原     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.     

TCM Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Tonifying the Kidney and Strengthening the Governor Vessel

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic and progressive disorder with inflammation mainly involving the central axis joints. It mainly affects the cervical spine and the lumbosacral area, with the pathogenesis closely related to the kidney and the Governor Vessel (GV). TCM holds that the syndrome is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality, which is due to insufficiency of the kidney, deficiency of GV, and blocking of the channels with the invasion of exogenous evil, leading to poor circulation of qi and blood and malnutrition of the bones, muscles and joints. The TCM method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening GV to regulate circulation of qi and blood and check the arthralgia pain should be adopted, with the Kidney-Tonifying and GV Strengthening Decoction (益肾强督汤) prescribed.     

IMPROVING P-gp EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN VITRO TRANSFECTED BY MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-1 mRNA

CHEMOTHERAPY playsa greatrolein the treat- ment of malignanttumors,especiallyingynecolo- gicalones.But inanticancerchemotherapy,leuko-cytopeniaisfrequentlytheprimarydose-limitingsideeffect factor.Moreover,cancersarefrequentlychemoresistantbe-causeof overexpressionof P-glycoprotein(P-gp), which isencodedby multidrugresistancegene (MDR1 ) and detectableinup to50% ofhuman cancersand renderscellsresistancetoanticancerdrugs.The safetyand potentialtherapeuticbenefitof mdr1 gene transferredto h…