石河子地区城市和团场老年人患病现状及危险因素分析

目的：了解石河子地区城市和团场常见老年慢性病现状并探讨行为生活方式对主要慢性非传染性疾病的影响。方法：采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法,对石河子地区年龄在60岁及以上且在该地区居住20年以上的居民进行慢性病患病及行为生活方式状况调查。结果：①石河子地区老年人慢性病的患病率为74.4%,其中团场为68.9%,城市为86.0%,城市高于团场（χ2=34.683,P=0.000）,团场女性高于男性,而城市男女患病率差异无统计学意义。②石河子地区老年人中高血压患病率最高,其次为冠心病、关节炎、胃炎和COPD。③该地区老年人一人患2种及以上疾病的占45.8%,且随着年龄的增加患慢性病的数目也增加（χ2=13.228,P=0.000）。④多因素非条件逐步Logistic回归显示：团场和城市老年人慢性病的危险因素存在差异,月收入、退休前职业、文化程度、吃水果情况与城市老年人慢性病相关;性别、年龄、缺乏运动、睡眠质量、体质指数与团场老年人慢性病相关。结论：石河子地区60岁及以上老年人慢性病的患病率较高,且存在城乡和性别的差异,应针对团场和城市人群的不同特点加强健康教育,以改善老年人的的卫生行为,从而增进居民健康,提高生命质量。     

健康体检人员慢性病患病率及其影响因素分析

目的：探讨健康体检人员慢性病患病率及其影响因素,为政府决策提供理论依据,并为同类研究提供方法参考,以及探讨健康管理模式在防治慢性非传染性疾病中的作用。方法 随机抽取在2008－02～2008－04间在我院进行健康体检的238例人员进行面对面的问卷调查,通过描述性分析、χ2检验及logistic多因素回归分析探讨影响慢性病患病率的因素。结果 各种慢性病的患病率分别是：高血压28．3％、血脂异常13．9％、脂肪肝11．3％、糖尿病6．7％、肥胖3．8％、冠心病2．5％、脑血管疾病1．7％、骨关节疾病2．9％、慢性支气管炎1．3％,并且慢性病的患病率有随年龄增加而升高的现象。经logistic因素回归分析,筛选出影响慢性病患病的主要因素为性别。结论 健康体检人员中慢性病患病率处于较高水平,慢性病预防控制策略和措施亟待加强,老年人应作为社区卫生服务工作的重点。     

乌鲁木齐市天山区60岁及以上老年人7种慢性病患病现状调查

目的 了解乌鲁木齐市天山区60岁及以上老年人慢性病患病情况以及相关危险因素,为制定符合当地实情的社区老年人慢性病防治措施提供依据.方法 采用自编问卷对天山区840例60岁及以上的老年人进行7种慢性病患病现状及相关因素调查,并进行多因素的Logistic回归分析.结果 被调查老年人慢性病的患病率为78.1%;7种慢性病患病顺位依次为:高血压(59.6%)、冠心病(37.9%)、糖尿病(24.6%)、慢性阻塞性肺疾病(21.8%)、脑卒中(4.1%)、恶性肿瘤(1.3%)、哮喘(1.0%);不同文化程度的老年人慢性病患病率差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中小学及以下文化程度的老年人慢性病的患病率最高;不同性别、不同年龄段、不同民族老年人慢性病的患病率差异无统计学意义;有28.5%的老年人患2种慢性病,有19.1%的老年人患3种及以上慢性病;多因素分析显示:超重等多种危险因素在老年人中存在.结论 老年人高血压、冠心病、糖尿病、慢性阻塞性肺疾病的患病率较高,同时患2种及以上慢性病的老年人较多,老年人存在多种慢性病危险因素.     

枣庄市人群慢性病患病情况及影响因素

研究了枣庄市城乡人群慢性病患病率和相关的影响因素,总患病率12.44％(城市16.95％,农村10.11％)。城市以心脑血管疾病、高血压病和糖尿病为主,农村以慢性支气管炎、胃肠疾病、心脑血管疾病和骨关节疾病为主。患病率和地区、年龄、职业、文化程度、经济收入、婚姻状况和吸烟密切相关,和饮酒未见明显关系,但城乡之间及不同疾病和相关因素间的表现不尽相同。提示对城乡人群慢性病的防治应采取不同的对策。     

牧区老年人慢性病现状及其影响因素

目的：了解牧区老年人慢性病现状及其影响因素。方法：入房访谈调查。结果：牧区老年人慢性病的患者病率为６１．７％,男性老年人慢性病的患病率为５８．７％,女性老年人慢性病的患者病率为６６．８％,女性高于男性（Ｐ〈０．０５）。主要的慢性病依次为高血压、冠心病、风湿及类风湿性关节炎、慢性阻塞性肺部疾患、肝胆疾病等。影响牧区老年人慢性病的主要因素是年龄,其次为文化程度以及身体活动受限、疼痛、总体健康自评。结论     

北京市孙河地区居民慢性病发病情况调查分析

目的了解社区居民慢性病的发病情况并分析其原因,并提出针对高危人群的卫生策略。方法2009年12月组织朝阳区孙河地区成年居民进行了免费健康检查,进行慢性病发病情况的调查分析。结果高血压患病率为27．8％,明显高于全国高血压发病率和北京高血压患病率;糖尿病患病率为10．8％,高于我国20岁以上人群糖尿病患病率;血脂异常患病率为23．3％,明显高于我国成人血脂异常患病率。结论本次体检人群高血压、糖尿病、冠心病、血脂异常的患病率明显高于全国上述疾病的患病率,孙河地区慢性疾病高的患病率可能和吸烟、肥胖、血脂异常、不良的生活方式等可控制因素密切相关,作为卫生工作者,对社区居民进行卫生策略的建议及健康的指导,对于我国人民的卫生健康具有重要的意义。     

上海市养老机构老年人慢性疾病及相关因素调查分析

目的探索养老机构老年人慢性病的现状及分布特点.方法对上海市五家养老机构60岁及以上的912位老年人,在慢性病、患病危险因素、生活自理能力等方面进行问卷调查和病案资料分析.结果老年人中70～79岁占27.30%,80岁以上占60.86%.慢性疾病患病率99.67%,患病率前7位的分别是高血压占57.46%,冠心病占42.65%,脑血管病占38.38%,慢支占16.12%,痴呆症占15.79%,骨折占15.02%,糖尿病占14.47%,除脑血管病和糖尿病外,其他疾病女性患病率均高于男性,P＜0.05.同时患两种疾病的占24.97%,患3种及以上疾病的占64.14%.生活部分自理和完全不能自理,占74.78%.结论养老机构老年人年龄高,慢性疾病患病率高,伴有多种疾病比率高,且年龄越大患疾病种类越多,部分存在精神行为异常,生活不能自理比率高.     

老年人慢性阻塞性肺病流行状况调查

目的调查城乡老年人慢性阻塞性肺疾病流行状况。方法选择农村与城区男60岁、女55岁以上的老年人1467名采取现场流行病学调查和肺功能检查,筛选肺功能异常者,并随后进行胸片检查除外其他疾病。结果城乡老年人慢性阻塞性肺疾病总患病率为16．29％,城区男性患病率高于城区女性,乡村女性患病率高于城区女性;总漏诊率为84．94％,乡村老年人漏诊率高于城区老年人;乡村女性患者生物燃料长期使用率高于城区女性患者。结论城乡老年人中慢性阻塞性肺病发病率高,漏诊严重,而乡村老年女性更是慢性阻塞性肺病好发人群。     

枣庄市人群慢性病患病情况及影响因素

研究了枣庄市城乡人群慢性病患病率和相关的影响因素，总患病率12．44％（城市16．95％，农村10．11％）。城市以心脑血管疾病、高血压病和糖尿病为主,农村以慢性支气管炎、胃肠疾病、心脑血管疾病和骨关节疾病为主。患病率和地区、年龄、职业、文化程度、经济收入、婚姻状况和吸烟密切相关，和饮酒未见明显关系，但城乡之间及不同疾病和相关因素的表现不尽相同。提示对城乡人群慢性病的防治应采取不同的对策。     

湖北省10个县慢性疾病流行病学调查及相关因素分析

目的:了解和掌握湖北省慢性病的患病情况及影响疾病的相关因素,通过分析,提出相关建议。方法:对湖北省10个县居住3年以上的35岁及以上常住居民进行分层随机抽样调查,共调查9827人,采用SPSS12.0软件进行统计分析。结果:肿瘤、高血压、糖尿病、高胆固醇血症、脑卒中和慢性支气管炎的患病率分别为4.97%、35.94%、15.41%、15.97%、12.12%和11.37%。经logistic多因素回归分析,筛选出影响慢性病患病率的主要因素有:饮食习惯、年龄、性别、腰围、文化程度、职业和居住地等。结论:湖北省慢性病患病率处于较高水平,慢性病预防控制策略和措施亟待加强,慢性病的产生与饮食习惯、年龄、性别、腰围、文化程度和职业等密切相关。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CYTOKINES IL-1β,sIL-2R,IL-6,TNF-α,AND IFN-v IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Objectives To explore serum cytokines levels (including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v) and their significance in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the subsequent follow-ups, with attempt to estimate the role of various serum inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and assessment of ACS.Methods The study population include 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 40 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 40 controls. Among the 80 patients, 60 patients attended a follow up 4 months later. Serum inflammatory markers including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Serum IL- 1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly higher in AMI group or UAP group compared to the control group and became significantly lower 4 months later in the follow-up patients. Serum levels of IFN-v shows no significant difference between AMI group or UAP group and controls, also showing no significant change when measured in follow up patients. There was no correlation between serum creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels and serum inflammatory markers either in UAP or AMI group. Furthermore, when divided into two subgroups using Wagner's QRS scoring system in the AMI group, there is no difference of each serum inflammatory marker between ≤ 6 scores group and ＞ 6 scores group.Conclusion Serum levels of certain inflammatory markers may have some diagnostic value for ACS, and can be a useful marker reflecting disease stability.     

Possible Spread of adenovirus type 3 from poultry to humans ：indirect evidence from an outbreak in China

Objective:To explore the epidemiology and etiology for an outbreak of acute respiratory tract infection that occurred in one county of Jiangsu Province, China 2004. Methods: Only cases meeting the case definition were included in the study. We reviewed the medical records of the cases who were admitted to the local hospitals, interviewed cases by a standard questionnaire, and then described the epidemiotogic features and analyzed risk factors by means of a case-control study. We collected pharyngeal swab specimens and sent them to different laboratories for isolation and culture. The laboratory used different detection methods such as DIP, PCR, electron microscope examination and microneutralization assay, to identify and then type the positive specimens. Results:A total of 871 cases were reported during the period from April 18 to July 4,2004. The distribution of onset times presented two peaks, one in late May and another in middle June. The epidemic occurred mainly in the elementary and junior high schools in ten townships of one county, and the mean age of the cases was 12 years (range 7 months to 18 years). The course of the disease was acute, and was characterized by fever accompanied with sore throat and tonsillitis. The WBC count of cases was normal or elevated. The mean duration of illness was 5 days (range 2 to 12 days). No fatalities from illness were reported. A case-control study indicated that the possible risk factors were close contact with a case and/or poultry before onset and sharing of towels among members of the family. The typical CPE was observed through inoculating pharyngeal swab specimens into the HEP-2 cell cultures in different laboratories. An infection of adenovirus type 3 was verified by detecting positive specimens in different methods. Conclusion:This investigation demonstrated that the acute respiratory infection in cases was caused by adenovirus type 3. Cases occurred in over 70 schools in ten townships in 2004, and the route of transmission was possibly close contact with cases or droplet transmission.