腹膜透析患者腹膜功能与微炎症因子的关系

目的 探讨腹膜透析患者血清、透出液中的IL-6、CRP与腹膜转运功能之间的关系.方法 选取规律随访且没有明显炎症的维持性腹膜透析患者44例,入选患者在腹膜透析1个月时行腹膜平衡试验（PET）.根据透出液/血浆肌酐浓度比值（D/Pcr）将患者分为L/A组（D/Pcr≤0.64）22例和H/A组（D/Pcr≥0.65）22例,腹膜透析6个月时再次行PET检查.检测腹膜透析后1、6个月的血清及透出液中CRP、IL-6水平,分析其与腹膜转运功能的关系.结果 两组患者在年龄、残余肾功能和尿素清除指数（KT/V）间差异无统计学意义,H/A组血清白蛋白水平低于L/A组,H/A组患者夜间超滤量明显少于L/A组.L/A组和H/A组腹膜透析6个月后血清CRP水平均高于1个月;H/A组腹膜透析1、6个月血清CRP水平高于L/A组,腹膜透析6个月透出液CRP水平高于L/A组.L/A组和H/A组在腹膜透析6个月血清IL-6水平均明显高于1个月;H/A组腹膜透析1、6个月血清IL-6水平均高于L/A组.L/A组6个月后透出液IL-6水平明显高于1个月;H/A组腹膜透析1个月时透出液IL-6水平明显高于L/A组.患者腹膜转运功能可能与血清CRP和IL-6相关,血清CRP和IL-6是影响腹膜转运功能的危险因素.结论 患者腹膜转运功能可能与血清CRP和IL-6相关,全身微炎症是影响腹膜转运功能的危险因素.     

腹膜透析液添加丹参酮IIA对氧化应激状态的影响

目的:观察在腹膜透析液中添加丹参酮ⅡA对腹膜透析患者腹腔局部及全身氧化应激状态的影响。方法:将38例终末期肾脏病行持续非卧床腹膜透析治疗的患者随机分为实验组和对照组,每组19例。实验组在腹膜透析液中添加丹参酮ⅡA注射液(每1 L腹膜透析液中加入5 mg丹参酮ⅡA注射液),对照组腹膜透析液中不加丹参酮ⅡA注射液。两组均行标准持续非卧床腹膜透析(每次2 L,每日交换4次)治疗,第23天比较两组患者用药前后血清及透出液氧化应激指标[谷胱甘肽(GSH)、总超氧化物岐化酶(T-SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)]以及透析充分性等指标的变化。结果:实验组患者血清及透出液中GSH、T-SOD均较用药前显著升高(P<0.01或P<0.05),MDA显著降低(P<0.05),患者血清白蛋白、总肌酐清除率(Ccr)、尿素氮清除指数(KT/V)、超滤无明显变化。实验组与对照组比较,患者血清及透出液中GSH、T-SOD显著升高(P<0.05),MDA显著降低(P<0.05)。结论:在腹膜透析液中短期应用丹参酮ⅡA可以改善患者腹腔局部及全身的氧化应激状态。     

活血化瘀药对腹膜透析腹膜高转运患者结局的影响

目的分析活血化瘀药对腹膜透析腹膜高转运患者结局的影响。方法采用随机数表法将我院2017年4月-2019年10月收治的78例腹膜透析腹膜高转运患者分为对照组(n=39)和观察组(n=39),对照组患者给予CAPD(连续性可携带式腹膜透析)模式治疗,观察组在对照组基础上施以活血化瘀类药物(灯盏花素注射液)治疗。观察并对比两组患者IL-6、hs-CRP、TNF-α水平以及RBP、PA水平变化。结果两组治疗前腹透Cer、KT/V、RBP、PA、hs-CRP水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗15天后,观察组Cer和KT/V、RBP、PA水平相比照组较高,hs-CRP水平比对照组低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组治疗后净超滤量低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论采用活血化瘀类药物可以有效改善腹膜透析腹膜高转运患者的微炎症,降低净超滤量,改善结局。     

连续性血液净化联合腹膜透析治疗高危尿毒症患者的研究及临床应用

目的研究连续性血液净化(CRRT)联合腹膜透析治疗高危尿毒症患者的临床效果。方法选择2018年1月-2019年9月联勤保障部队第九〇八医院鹰潭医疗区收治的合并严重并发症的慢性肾脏疾病(CKD5)期患者60例,采用随机数表法分为2组,各30例。A组直接行血液透析(HD); B组先行CRRT再行腹膜透析。比较两组治疗1周、2周、1个月、3个月、6个月血红蛋白(HB)、血清白蛋白(ALB)、血钙(Ca)、血磷(P)、血压(BP)、血浆B型钠尿肽(BNP)、C-反应蛋白(CRP)、尿素氮清除率(KT/V)、内生肌酐清除率(Ccr)等各项指标水平。结果 B组治疗2周、治疗1个月、治疗3个月、治疗6个月,HB、ALB、Ccr水平均高于A组,Ca、P、CRP、舒张压、收缩压、BNP水平低于A组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 CRRT技术联合腹膜透析治疗高危尿毒症患者的效果显著,优于常规普通血液透析,值得临床推广应用。     

腹膜透析患者血压晨峰与残余肾功能的相关性

目的探讨血压晨峰对腹膜透析患者残余肾功能(RRF)的影响。方法将125例腹膜透析患者按血压晨峰递增分为血压晨峰组62例、非血压晨峰组63例,分析两组患者透析治疗6个月后血压晨峰、临床症状积分、尿素清除指数(KT/V)、RRF、残肾肌酐清除率(Ccr)、尿量(Uv)、腹膜透析超滤量(UFv)的变化。结果两组治疗后临床症状均有不同程度减轻且非血压晨峰组减轻明显(P<0.01),两组KT/V、RRF、Ccr、Uv、UFv均有不同程度下降,但血压晨峰组下降更明显,两组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论腹膜透析患者血压晨峰与RRF减退密切相关,随着血压晨峰增高RRF下降速率增快。     

糖尿病肾病致慢性肾衰竭腹膜透析患者腹膜平衡试验特点

目的:了解糖尿病肾病(DN)致慢性肾衰竭(CRF)腹膜透析患者腹膜平衡试验(PET)特点.方法:分别测定观察组(DN致CRF组)、对照组(非DN致CRF组)腹膜透析1个月、6个月时腹透液与血液的肌酐浓度比值(D/Pcr)及超滤量,将两次结果进行对照.结果:腹透6个月时观察组D/Pcr较1个月时降低(P<0.05),超滤量无改变;对照组以上两项指标均无变化(P>0.05).结论:DN致CRF行腹膜透析患者应定期做PET,及时调节透析方案.     

糖尿病终末期肾病患者腹膜透析治疗分析

目的探讨糖尿病终末期肾病患者腹膜透析治疗。方法 2007年1月至2010年1月收治的糖尿病终末期肾病164例,依据透析方法分为腹膜透析组80例,血液透析组84例,观察2组病例透析前与透析后检测血钾、血钙、血磷、BUN、Cr、Hb、ALB、TG、TC、尿素清除指数（KT/V）、残余肾功能检查（肌酐清除率）和超滤量,并进行比较。结果腹膜透析组与血液透析组治疗前比较P〉0.05;2组治疗后检查项目比较P〉0.05无显著差异性;2组治疗后比较P〈0.05有显著差异性。结论腹膜透析在糖尿病终末期肾病患者中应用具有可靠的透析效果,良好的血流动力学,对残余肾功能起到保护,对血管要求较低,并发症少等优点,可以作为糖尿病终末期肾病早期透析的首选方法。     

腹膜透析患者腹膜转运类型与营养状况的相关性研究

目的探讨持续性非卧床腹膜透析(CAPD)患者腹膜转运类型对其营养状况的影响。方法选择2010年1月至2012年12月在该院腹膜透析中心行CAPD的89例患者,根据腹膜平衡试验腹膜透析液与血中肌酐比值(D/Pcr)将患者分为LA组(低平均转运)和HA组(高平均转运),比较2组患者的营养状况,包括血清清蛋白(ALB)、前清蛋白(PA)、血清转铁蛋白(TF)、血红蛋白(Hb)、主观综合性营养评分(SCA)、瘦体质量(LBM)和标准化总氮出现率相当蛋白(nPNA),并对D/Pcr与营养指标进行相关性分析。结果 HA组D/Pcr显著高于LA组(P<0.01);HA组患者ALB、PA、TF、Hb和SGA均显著低于LA组患者(P<0.01),但两组患者的nPNA差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);CAPD患者D/Pcr与ALB、TF、Hb和SGA呈显著负相关(P<0.01),但是与PA、LBM和nPNA不相关(P>0.05)。结论腹膜透析患者营养状态与腹膜转运类型相关,高平均转运腹膜透析患者营养状态较低平均转运者差,故应加强对该类患者的营养指导。     

影响腹膜透析患者血红蛋白水平的相关因素及中医辨证分析

目的探讨腹膜透析患者贫血的原因、相关因素以及与中医证型的关系。方法对规律腹膜透析的56例患者进行前瞻性随访,记录患者的血红蛋白、血、尿、腹透液中肌酐、尿素氮、尿量、透析剂量、超滤量,计算腹膜KT/V、腹膜CCR、残肾KT/V、残肾CCR、总KT/V、总CCR,并进行中医辨证分型。结果 (1)56例患者按血红蛋白小于110g/L与否,分为贫血组24例和正常组32例,两组在年龄、透析时间、EPO使用量、铁剂剂量、腹膜KT/V、腹膜CCR之间没有明显差异(P0.05);而在残肾KT/V、残肾CCR、总CCR、总KT/V、尿量之间差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。(2)采用Pearson相关性分析,表明血红蛋白与影响透析效能的透析剂量、超滤量、腹膜KT/V、腹膜CCR、总CCR、总KT/V之间无相关性,而与残肾KT/V、残肾CCR、尿量之间存在着相关性,与残肾功能相关。进一步分析,在血红蛋白正常组的32例患者中无残肾者仅5例,占15.6%,而贫血组24例患者中无残肾者10例,占41.6%,两组间存在着明显差异。(3)腹膜透析患者虚证中以脾肾阳虚最多,为27例,占48.21%;实证中,血瘀和湿浊两型最多,分别为20例和19例,占35.71%和33.92%,这三个证型的患者血红蛋白水平最低。结论腹膜透析患者的血红蛋白与残肾功能相关,并与中医证型相关。     

螺内酯对腹膜透析患者心脏及残余肾功能的影响

目的 探讨螺内酯对腹膜透析(PD)患者心脏及残余肾功能(RRF)的影响。 方法 将2015年1月-2016年12月期间在我院规律进行PD的96例终末期肾病(ESRD)患者按随机数表法分为试验组与对照组,每组48例。对照组给予血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂(ACEI)/紧张素受体拮抗剂(ARB)治疗,试验组在对照组基础上另给予螺内酯治疗,对比2组治疗前、治疗6个月、12个月后的心脏相关指标[左心室质量指数(LVMI)、左心室射血分数(LVEF)]、RRF指标[残余尿素清除指数(KT/V)、残肾肌酐清除率(Ccr)]、营养贫血指标、24小时尿量、腹膜超滤量及钙磷代谢指标变化情况。 结果 治疗6个月、12个月后,2组LVMI明显低于治疗前,且试验组均低于对照组,而2组LVEF明显高于治疗前,且试验组均高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);对照组在治疗6个月、12个月时的KT/V、Ccr均呈下降趋势,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而试验组在治疗6个月、12个月与治疗前KT/V、Ccr差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);2组治疗6个月、12个月的24小时尿量均逐渐减少(P<0.05),对照组较试验组减少更加显著(P<0.05),治疗6个月后,试验组的24小时尿量显著多于对照组(P<0.05);治疗12个月后,2组血磷、钙磷乘积均低于治疗前,且试验组均低于对照组,而血钙高于治疗前,且试验组高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论 螺内酯可有效改善PD患者的心脏功能,保护患者RRF,有效控制钙磷代谢,且基本不影响患者营养状况与腹膜超滤量。      

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.     

TCM Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Tonifying the Kidney and Strengthening the Governor Vessel

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic and progressive disorder with inflammation mainly involving the central axis joints. It mainly affects the cervical spine and the lumbosacral area, with the pathogenesis closely related to the kidney and the Governor Vessel (GV). TCM holds that the syndrome is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality, which is due to insufficiency of the kidney, deficiency of GV, and blocking of the channels with the invasion of exogenous evil, leading to poor circulation of qi and blood and malnutrition of the bones, muscles and joints. The TCM method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening GV to regulate circulation of qi and blood and check the arthralgia pain should be adopted, with the Kidney-Tonifying and GV Strengthening Decoction (益肾强督汤) prescribed.     

IMPROVING P-gp EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN VITRO TRANSFECTED BY MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-1 mRNA

CHEMOTHERAPY playsa greatrolein the treat- ment of malignanttumors,especiallyingynecolo- gicalones.But inanticancerchemotherapy,leuko-cytopeniaisfrequentlytheprimarydose-limitingsideeffect factor.Moreover,cancersarefrequentlychemoresistantbe-causeof overexpressionof P-glycoprotein(P-gp), which isencodedby multidrugresistancegene (MDR1 ) and detectableinup to50% ofhuman cancersand renderscellsresistancetoanticancerdrugs.The safetyand potentialtherapeuticbenefitof mdr1 gene transferredto h…