Mass screening of 12027 elderly men for prostate carcinoma by measuring serum prostate specific antigen

Background The incidence of prostate carcinoma (Pca) has been increasing in China. We detected Pca in elderly men in Changchun, north China and the significance of prostate specific antigen (PSA) in mass screening and clinical staging of Pca.Methods Serum PSA from 12 027 men over 50 years old from Changchun was analyzed. In case of serum PSA greater than 4. 0 ng/ml, the patient was suspected of potentially suffering from Pca, and transrectal six-point puncture prostate biopsies were performed under ultrasound guidance.Pathological examinations were performed on the biopsy tissue, and ABCD and TNM clinical stagings were used in accordance with international standards. Correlations between serum PSA level andclinical stage were analyzed.Results PSA was greater than 4.0ng/ml in 813 patients (6.8% of the 12027 men). Transrectal six-point prostate puncture biopsies guided by ultrasound were performed in 273 patients (33. 6% of the 813 patients who were tested positive in the initial mass screening). Of these 273 patients,69 cases of Pca (25.3% of 273 ) were confirmed by biopsy in the second screening, with an overall detection rate for Pca of 0. 57% (69/12 027). The total number of patients in stages A, B, T1, or T2 was 57.9%, and over 20% of them suffered from late stage Pca with lymph node and bone metastasis. An obvious positive correlation was observed between ABCD staging, TNM staging, and serum PSA level.Conclusions Serum PSA level is not only the golden standard for mass screening of Pca, but also the predictor for clinical stage of Pca. PSA testing revealed asymptomatic Pca cases in early, middle,and later stages in the elderly, suggesting that mass screening is of paramount importance.     

Clinical profile and outcomes of atrial fibrillation in elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction

Background Atrial fibrillation （AF） occurs commonly in patients with acute myocardial infarction （MI） and is associated with an increased long-term mortality. This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of AF in in-hospital elderly Chinese patients with acute MI.
Methods A total of 967 patients with acute MI, aged 〉65 years, were categorized on the basis of the absence or presence of AF. Patients with documented AF were classified into two subgroups： the ongoing AF group and the new-onset AF group. We retrospectively evaluated the clinical profile, in-hospital outcomes, and effects of revascularization on the incidence of AF in elderly patients with acute MI.
Results AF was documented in 100 （11.53%） patients and the incidence of new-onset AF was 6.51% during hospitalization. History of old MI and cerebrovascular events were more common in patients with AF than in those without AF （P 〈0.001, P 〈0.01, respectively）. The incidence of AF was higher in patients with non-ST elevated MI （P=0.014）, inferior wall MI （P=0.004） and cardiac function of Killip class Ⅲ or Ⅳ （P=-0.008）. Patients with AF had more complication of pneumonia （P=0.003） and longer hospital stay. Left circumflex coronary artery involvement was more common in patients with AF （compared with patients without AF, P 〈0.001）. Percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary artery bypass grafting significantly decreased the incidence of new-onset AF from 7.97% to 3.82% （P=0.017）. AF depended to heart failure, increased the in-hospital mortality.
Conclusions AF is common in elderly patients with acute MI and is associated with poorer clinical outcomes. Revascularization reduces the incidence of AF and thus improves the clinical outcomes in these patients.     

Coagulation function in patients with pancreatic carcinoma

Background The coagulation function in patients with pancreatic carcinoma is abnormal and the reason is not very clear. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed the coagulation function in patients with pancreatic carcinoma.
Methods From June 2004 to December 2007, 132 patients received diagnosis and treatment in our hospital. The coagulative parameters including the prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, and fibrinogen levels were collected and studied retrospectively.
Results The average fibrinogen levels in patients with pancreatic carcinoma, （476.21±142.05） mg/dl, were significantly higher than in patients with cholangiolithiasis, （403.28±126.41） mg/dl （P 〈0.05）. In patients with pancreatic carcinoma, the levels of fibrinogen in the group with jaundice were significantly higher than in patients without jaundice （P 〈0.05）. In patients who received Pancreaticoduodenectomy, Whipple＇s operation, the level of fibrinogen in the group with local invasiveness was significantly higher than in the group without invasiveness. The group with lymphatic metastasis had higher levels than the group without lymphatic metastasis （P 〈0.05）. There was no significant difference of intraoperative blood loss between patients with vitamin K, （748.27±448.51） ml, and those without vitamin K, （767.31±547.89） ml （P 〉0.05）.
Conclusions The level of fibrinogen in patients with pancreatic carcinoma was elevated. The elevated fibrinogen level may be associated with invasiveness and lymphatic metastasis. Using vitamin K in perioperation management did not reduce intraoperative blood loss.     

DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF WHOLE BODY DIFFUSION WEIGHTED IMAGING FOR SCREENING PRIMARY TUMORS OF PATIENTS WITH METASTASES

Objective To evaluate the values of whole body diffusion weighted imaging （DWI） in screenmg pnmary unknown tumor in patients with metastases.
Methods Totally, 34 patients with metastases of primary unknown tumors were scanned with whole body DWI, and conventional magnetic resonance （MR） imaging was performed if suspected lesions were detected. All the metastases including 27 cases of osseous metastases, 2 brain metastases, 2 liver metastases, 1 pulmonary multiple metastasis, 1 neck metastasis and 1 malignant ascites, were diagnosed by computed tomography, single photon emission computed tomography, or MR imaging. For the proven primary tumors diagnosed by biopsy or pathology of surgical specimens, apparent diffusion coefficient （ADC） values of the primary and metastatic lesions were measured respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of this technique for screening primary tumors were cvaluated.
Results We found 24 cases with suspected primary lesions, in which 23 lesions were proved to be primary tumors, and 1 was proved to be benign lesion. And no definite primary lesion was found in 10 cases on whole body DWI, but in which 1 case was diagnosed with primary tumor by biopsy later, and the other 9 cases remained unknown within follow-up of over halfa year. The difference was not significant in ADC values between primary and metastatic lesions （P〉0.05）. The sensitivity and specificity of whole body DWI for searching primary tumors was 95.8% and 90.0%, respectively.
Conclusion Combined with conventional MR scanning, whole body DWI can help to search primary lesions of patients with metastases.     

Urethra. prostate

The usefulness of percentage of free prostate specific antigen/prostate specific antigen density in the diagnosis of prostate cancer; Relationship between screening by stratifying cases into groups on prostate specific antigen level and the positive rate of transrectal ultrasound guided systematic sextant prostate biopsy; Construction of shRNA expression vectors targeting against NKX3.1 and silencing of NKX3.1 mediated by the vectors;Differential expression of clusterin throughout the cell cycle in prostate cancer cell line; Combined use of oral estramustine phosphate and oral etoposide in patients with hormone refractory prostate carcinoma; Impaction of different prostate biopsy strategies on tumor detection;……     

Polymorphisms of GSTM1 and CYP1A1 genes and their genetic susceptibility to prostate cancer in Chinese men

Background Variation in prostate cancer incidence between different racial groups has been well documented, for which genetic polymorphisms are hypothesized to be an explanation. We evaluated the association between polymorphisms in the cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 （CYP1A1） and glutathione S-transferase M1 （GSTM1） genes and genetic susceptibility to prostate cancer in Chinese men.
Methods TWO hundred and eight prostate cancer patients and 230 age matched controls were enrolled in this study. All DNA samples from peripheral blood lymphocytes were genotyped for common genetic polymorphisms of the CYP1A1 and GSTM1 genes using the oligonucleotide microarray （DNA chip） technique and the polymorphism results confirmed by sequencing. The different polymorphisms in prostate cancer patients were also analyzed according to age at diagnosis, prostate specific antigen level, cancer stage and grade （Gleason score）.
Results The prevalence of the GSTM1 （0/0） genotype was significantly higher in prostate cancer patients （58.2%） than in controls （41.7%, P〈0.05）. Further analysis demonstrated that the prostate cancer patients with a GSTM1 （0/0） genotype were younger than those with the GSTM1 （＋/＋） genotype （P=-0.024）. No significant differences in the frequency distributions of CYP1A1 polymorphisms were observed between prostate cancer patients and controls.
Conclusion GSTM1 （0/0）-gene polymorphism may be linked to prostate cancer risk and early age of Onset in Chinese.     

Transrectal ultrasound guided systematic 13 cores prostate biopsy for diagnosing prostate cardnoma: report of 160 cases

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of transrectal ultrasound guided systematic 13 cores prostate biopsy. Methods A total of 160 patients referred for abnormal digital rectal examination and(or) prostate specific antigen 4 ng/ml or greater underwent transrectal ultrasound guided systematic 13 cores prostate biopsy. That was, in addition to the standard sextant biopsies, cores were taken from the far lateral and middle regions of the gland as described by Eskew. Pathological findings of the additional regions were compared with those of the sextant regions. Results Of the patients 35 % had cancer on biopsy( 56/160). Of the 56 patients with prostate cancer 12 (21 %) had carcinoma only in the additional regions, which would be undetected on the sextant biopsy technique (P < 0.05). No complications has been observed in patients underwent transrectal ultrasound guided systematic 13 cores prostate biopsy. Conclusion TransrectalChina Medical Abstracts(Surgery) ultrasound guided systematic 13 cores prostat     

Embolic events in 93 elderly Chinese patients with atrial fibrillation

Objectives To evaluate the prevalence of embolic events and relevant factors in elderly Chinese patients with atrial fibrillation(AF), and to provide evidence on ways to prevent embolic events.Methods Autopsy data from ninety-three continous elderly Chinese patients with AF were analysed. The incidence of embolic events and its relationship to underlying disease, pathologic changes in the heart, and other clinical characteristics were examined.Results Embolism were observed in 27 of 93 cases, with an incidence of 29.03%. The incidence of embolic events was higher in elderly patients with rheumatic heart disease than those with coronary artery disease, hypertensive myocardiopathy and heart diseases. Patients with chronic AF,with a course of AF≥3 years, and those with heart failure or diabetes had a higher incidence of embolic events than those without these complications. There was significant difference in incidence between paroxysmal and chronic AF. Patients with left atrial or ventricular enlargement, mural thrombosis in cardiac chambers, valvular calcification and valvular vegetation also had a higher incidence of embolic events. Oral dipyridamole (75-150 mg/d) or aspirin (50-150 mg/d) showed no definite effects in preventing embolism in some patients.Conclusions There was a high incidence of embolic events in elderly Chinese patients with AF. Anticoagulation therapy should be provided to the elderly patients with AF, especially to the patients with risk factors for embolism.     

Analysis of results related to the percent free prostate specific antigen among men without prostate diseases in Xi’an area

To measure the percent of free prostate specific antigen （fPSA） among men without prostate diseases in Xi＇an area, and to study the relationship of percent fPSA with age and pathological grade, clinical stage of prostate cancer （PCa） with percent fPSA, and to analyze the difference between the data in China and the.overseas data to determine appropriate reference range for Chinese male. Methods： A total of 713 participants were enrolled into the study, with PSA, fPSA in serum measured and the percent fPSA calculated. Out of 713 cases, 679 without prostate diseases were divided into 5 groups by age, and then the relationships of PSA, fPSA and percent fPSA with age were studied, respectively. The relationship of pathological grade and clinical stage with percent fPSA of the 34 participants with PCa was also studied. With the help of the related data of men without prostate disease, the appropriate reference range for Chinese male was established. Results： The increases in PSA or fPSA were correlated with age, while there was no significant correlation between age and percent fPSA. The percent fPSA was also correlated with pathological grade and clinical stage of PCa. The percent fPSA of men without prostate disease in Xi＇an area was significandy lower than that in the related overseas data. The reference range of percent fPSA for Chinese male was≥ 15%. Conclusion： Percent fPSA might be more useful than PSA in the detection of prostate cancer. As the percent fPSA is decreased, the pathological grade is decreased, and the clinical stage is increased, the malignant degree is increased. The reference range of ≥15% is more appropriate for Chinese male.     

Clinical results of radical prostatectomy for patients with prostate cancer in Macau

Background Incidence of prostate cancer has been increasing in recent decades. In the year 2005, prostate cancer became the second most common cancer in males in Macau. The purpose of this report was to review and summarize the clinical features and prognosis of the 54 patients undergoing radical prostatectomy in Macau Special Administrative Region （SAR）, China.
Methods From November 2000 to November 2006, retropubic radical prostatectomy were performed in 54 cases for the treatment of prostate cancer. The mean age of patients was 69.8 years （range from 54 to 79）. The preoperative prostate specific antigen （PSA） level, postoperative pathologic stage and Gleason＇s score, operation duration, intraoperative bleeding and intraoperative and postoperative complications were reported. The follow-up duration was 3 months to 6.25 years with a mean of 2.1 years. Postoperative parameters including PSA alteration, biochemical recurrence, local recurrence, distant metastasis and mortality were observed.
Results Most of the patients in our study were diagnosed as localized prostate cancer. The patients＇ preoperative serum PSA was 0-4.0 ng/ml （16.7%）, 4.0-10.0 ng/ml （51.8%）, 10.1-20.0 ng/ml （24.1%） and above 20.0 ng/ml （7.4%）. The TNM stage T1a ＋ T1b comprised 7.6% of patients, stage T2a ＋ T2b comprised 20.3%, stage T2c 38.9%, stage T3a 20.3% and over T3a only 12.9%. There were 9.5% cases with Gleason scores of 2-4, 41.5% with scores of 5-6, 30.2% with scores of 7 and 18.8% with scores of 8-10. The average operative duration was 216 minutes and the average intraoperative bleeding was 760 ml. Intraoperative complications included one massive hemorrhage （1.9%）, one rectal injury （1.9%） and one obturator nerve injury （1.9%）. Early postoperative complications consisted of urinary incontinence （14 cases, 25.9%）, bladder neck stricture （5 cases, 9.3%）, acute urinary retention （4 cases, 7.4%）, pelvic effusion （2 cases, 3.8%）, lymphocele （1 case, 1.9%） and vesicorect     

超声引导下前列腺活检与血清PSA及PSAD的对比研究

目的对比分析经直肠超声引导下前列腺穿刺活检与血清PSA和PSA密度的关系。方法 2006-2008年对105例因PSA升高、肛诊及超声检查阳性患者行经直肠超声引导下前列腺穿刺活检,对血清PSA和PSAD与前列腺活检的关系进行分析。结果本组105例患者,检出前列腺癌患者36例（34.3%）,前列腺增生伴或不伴慢性炎症69例（65.7%）。前列腺癌组PSA及PSAD高于良性病变组（P〈0.01）;血清PSA浓度〈4ng/ml者有1/11例（9.1%）为前列腺癌。随着血清PSA浓度升高,前列腺活检阳性率升高（r=0.912,P〈0.01）;当PSAD〈0.15时,前列腺增生的发病率明显高于前列腺癌的发病率,而当PSAD≥0.15时,前列腺癌的发病率升高（χ^2=16.377,P〈0.01）。结论血清PSA及PSAD对前列腺活检诊断前列腺癌有重要意义。     

前列腺内腺体积与总体积之比在前列腺癌筛选中的应用价值

目的探讨血清PSA浓度为4～10ng／ml患者前列腺内腺体积与总体积之比在前列腺癌筛选中的应用价值。方法通过分析41例血清PSA浓度为4～10ng／ml患者在经直肠前列腺穿刺术或经尿道前列腺电切术前经直肠前列腺彩色多普勒超声所得内腺体积与腺体总体积的比例，对照术后病理结果进行分析。结果术后病理诊断为前列腺增生的患者术前经直肠前列腺B超前列腺内腺体积与总体积之比95％大于0．50，62％病理诊断为前列腺癌的患者该值小于0．50。结论经直肠前列腺穿刺活检结果阴性的患者，前列腺内腺体积与总体积之比〈0．50可作为重复穿刺活检的指征之一。     

前列腺特异性抗原对前列腺癌早期诊断的价值

目的 探讨血清前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)、游离前列腺特异性抗原(FPSA)、前列腺特异性抗原密度(PSAD)对经前列腺癌早期诊断的价值.方法 对128例[其中确诊为前列腺癌32例,非前列腺癌患者中28例有前列腺上皮内瘤形成(PIN)]经直肠前列腺穿刺活检诊断的患者PSA、FPSA、FPSA/PSA比值、PSAD等计量资料以及分区域计数资料与病理诊断结果进行分析,探讨PSA、FPSA、FPSA/PSA、PSAD与前列腺癌的关系.结果 前列腺癌和非前列腺癌患者PSA(P＜0.001)和PSAD都存在显著差异(P＜0.01),FPSA/PSA存在差异(P＜0.05);将无前列腺癌及癌前病变、非前列腺癌存在PIN改变、前列腺癌患者分别作为第一、二、三组分组进行比较,第一、三组患者PSA(P＜0.001)和PSAD存在显著差异(P＜0.01),FPSA/PSA存在差异(P＜0.05);第二、三组患者PSA(P＜0.01)和PSAD都存在显著差异(P＜0.01),FPSA/PSA无显著差异(P＞0.05);第一、二组患者之间无显著差异.结论 PSA是早期诊断前列腺癌的重要线索,结合 FPSA/PSA比值对早期诊断前列腺癌有较大意义,PSAD可以作为前列腺癌早期诊断的辅助指标.     

SA、F/TPSA及PSAD在前列腺癌诊断中的作用

目的 :探讨血清前列腺特异抗原 (PSA) ,血清总PSA及游离PSA比值 (F/TPSA)及前列腺特异性抗原密度(PSAD)在前列腺癌诊断中的作用。方法 :对 5 1例前列腺癌患者及 14 5例良性前列腺增生症患者PSA、F/TPSA及PSAD值的差异进行分析、比较。结果 :前列腺癌组血清PSA及PSAD高于良性前列腺增生组 ;而F/TPSA值低于良性前列腺增生组 ,差异均有显著性。结论 :PSA >4ng·ml-1作为筛选前列腺癌的临界值存在一定缺陷 ;当PSA <10ng·ml-1,F/T值有助于鉴别前列腺癌和良性前列腺增生 ;而PSAD对于筛选前列腺活检病例亦有一定价值。     

前列腺增生症患者血清前列腺特异性抗原水平与前列腺炎关系的临床研究

目的探讨前列腺增生症患者血清中前列腺特异性抗原水平与前列腺炎的关系。方法120例门诊诊断为前列腺增生症的患者,其血清前列腺特异性抗原高于4.0ng/ml且合并前列腺炎;所有患者口服莫西沙星,治疗随访4周;根据治疗后血清前列腺特异性抗原水平及前列腺穿刺活检结果分为三组,观察比较各组治疗前后血清前列腺特异性抗原的水平及前列腺癌诊断阳性率。结果仅治疗后血清前列腺特异性抗原低于4.0ng/ml的一组在治疗前后的水平变化有统计学意义,其余两组均无统计学意义;治疗后前列腺癌诊断阳性率明显高于治疗前。结论对血清前列腺特异性抗原高于4.0ng/ml且合并前列腺炎的前列腺增生患者进行抗炎治疗,既可提高前列腺特异性抗原对前列癌早期诊断的特异性,又可使部分患者避免前列腺穿刺活检造成的痛苦和相关并发症。     

前列腺癌集团筛查的病理特征及与血清前列腺特异性抗原的关系

目的　探讨人群中前列腺癌的活检病理学特征及与血清前列腺特异性抗原 (PSA)的关系。方法　应用Elisa方法对长春市 12 0 2 7名男性血清PSA进行了检测及前列腺癌集团筛查 ,对血清PSA值 >4 0 μg/L和有尿路阻塞症状的男性经直肠超声引导下系统性行前列腺 6点穿刺活检 ,应用统计学软件SPSS 10 0进行病理分析。结果　 12 0 2 7名对象对 15 8例进行了前列腺活检穿刺 ,其中 137例血清PSA值 >4 0 μg/L ,2 1例血清PSA值 <4 0 μg/L ,但是有尿道阻塞症状。在 15 8例活检组织中 ,有 2 5 9%为前列腺癌 ,其中中分化癌和低分化癌分别占 6 1%和 34%。 4 1例前列腺癌患者的血清PSA值与Gleason评分间存在明显的线性正相关关系 (r =0 32 9,P <0 0 5 ) ,前列腺癌患者血清PSA值与 6点活检标本前列腺癌阳性点数间存在明显的线性正相关关系 (r =0 4 2 5 ,P =0 0 0 6 )。结论　中分化癌是人群中前列腺癌的最常见类型。应用血清PSA进行前列腺癌集团筛查对前列腺癌早期发现具有重要意义。血清PSA值不仅和前列腺癌的病理分级而且和肿瘤的范围有关系。     

Prostate biopsies--a retrospective review from the University Malaya Medical Center

Prostate cancer is not common in south-east asia and in particular there are only scarce reports on the characteristics of Malaysian men with prostate cancer. A retrospective study where all prostate specimens sent to the pathology department during the period 1st January 1996 to 30th June 1998 were reviewed. A total of 131 prostate specimens were reviewed and these consisted of prostatectomy specimens, transurethral resection specimens and trucut biopsy specimens. Only 114 patients' case notes were evaluated. Data reviewed were age, race, presenting symptoms, clinical findings and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level. Overall incidence of carcinoma of the prostate was 19.0%. The incidence of carcinoma of the prostate with serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) of 4.1 to 20.0 ng/ml was only 10% and 60.5% of patients had evidence of subclinical histological prostatitis. The mean age of men with carcinoma of the prostate was 71.3 years and there was no differences in the incidence of carcinoma of the prostate among the 3 major ethnic groups (Malays, Chinese and Indian). About three-quarter of the patients with carcinoma of the prostate presented with lower urinary tract symptoms, a third had haematuria and about a tenth of patients presented with urinary retention. The majority of patients presented with metastatic disease (66.7%) with a mean PSA of 1476.8 ng/ml. A significant proportion of men with prostatic diseases attending the University of Malaya Medical Center had prostate cancer (19.0%). A small proportion of men with serum PSA in the range of 4.1 to 20.0 ng/ml had prostate cancer and this is thought to be due to the background histological prostatitis. The majority of patients presented late.     

7例膀胱移行细胞癌伴前列腺癌的诊断与治疗

目的讨论膀胱移行细胞癌伴前列腺癌的诊断和治疗。方法对389例膀胱移行细胞癌患者中伴有前列腺癌的7例患者资料进行分析。结果 7例患者均经活组织检查和膀胱镜检查诊断为膀胱移行细胞癌,经前列腺穿刺活检,被诊断为前列腺腺癌。3例患者经尿道采用电切术将膀胱肿瘤及双侧睾丸切除,术后用丝裂霉素或者BCG对患者膀胱实施药物灌注,同时口服氟他胺治疗前列腺癌。1例患者的部分膀胱及双侧膀胱被实施切除,并在术后对患者的前列腺癌实施体外辅助放射治疗。3例实施膀胱前列腺全切术加回肠膀胱术。7例患者中,失访2例,随访5例,其中2例发生多发转移导致术后生存时间不到1年,另外3例在术后随访1.5～4.0年,恢复良好,未发现肿瘤复发或者转移。结论前列腺穿刺活检、TRUS、DRE、血清PSA测定、活组织检查和膀胱镜检综合检查是目前诊断前列腺癌伴膀胱移行细胞癌的主要方法。膀胱前列腺根治性切除是取得较好治疗效果的重要因素。     

急性尿潴留前列腺穿刺的意义

目的探讨是否应该对PSA升高的急性尿潴留患者先进行前列腺穿刺活检。方法回顾分析2003年1月～2009年4月我科收治的109例血清PSA浓度均大于4ng/mL的男性急性尿潴留患者（无尿道狭窄,神经原性膀胱等病因）。根据是否活检分为2组,20例为前列腺穿刺活检组,年龄54～85（68.90±7.64）岁,前列腺体积38～130（70.94±27.97）ml,血清PSA4.30～487.46（48.12±106）L。89例为未活检组,年龄54～97（71.78±8.64）岁,前列腺体积16～293（61.79±43.77）ml,血清PSA4.06～411.2（24.90±52.61）ng/mL,2组间年龄、前列腺体积和血清PSA比较无统计学差异（P〉0.05）;未活检组56例经尿道前列腺切除术（TURP）,5例经开放手术。结果活检组20例,病理发现前列腺癌5例,阳性率25%;未活检组89例手术标本发现前列腺癌4例,均为经TURP者。阳性率4.49%。活检组和未活检组间比较有显著统计学差异（P〈0.01）。结论经直肠前列腺穿刺活检发现PSA升高的急性尿潴留患者前列腺癌的发生率至少在25%以上,比未经穿刺而经手术发现的前列腺癌发生率高21%,有显著统计学差异,而手术发现的前列腺癌给再次根治性手术增加了难度。本研究证明PSA升高的急性尿潴留患者应该先进行前列腺穿刺活检。     

血清PSA值升高的BPH患者前列腺液中白细胞状态的研究

目的：了解血清前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）值升高的良性前列腺增生（BPH）患者前列腺液中白细胞的状态,探讨血清PSA值升高与前列腺液中白细胞的关系。方法获取53例病理证实BPH患者的前列腺液,并分别计数、分析前列腺液体积、前列腺液中白细胞密度和白细胞总数与患者年龄、PSA值、前列腺总体积的相关性。结果患者的白细胞密度、白细胞总数与PSA值呈明显正相关（均P＜0.01）。结论血清PSA值升高可能与前列腺液中白细胞数升高有关,对于血清PSA值升高的BPH患者可先行抗炎治疗,再行PSA复查,这样可以减少一些不必要的前列腺穿刺。