腺病毒对内皮及成纤维细胞和血管环转染及基因表达的研究

目的比较腺病毒对不同血管内皮及成纤维细胞的转染和对人冠状动脉搭桥动脉静脉血管的转导,为携带目的基因的腺病毒治疗血管狭窄提供更好的转染途径.方法腺病毒Ad5CMVLacZ体外转染血管内皮细胞(HUVEC)和成纤维细胞(PA317)并间接转导入胸廓内动脉和大隐静脉血管环,运用β-半乳糖苷酶活性X-gal组织化学染色,观察转染情况,并进行动态分析.结果腺病毒载体能使外源性基因有效地转入HUVEC、PA317及两种血管环并获得蛋白表达;两种血管环在转染10d后仍有β-半乳糖苷酶蛋白的表达,且大隐静脉有新内膜形成和中膜的增厚.结论从细胞水平上证明腺病毒载体能将治疗性目的基因导入各种血管细胞及动静脉血管并获得表达,提示血管内膜和外膜都是腺病毒有效转染的途径;临床上无论动脉或静脉的血管狭窄都可能通过用腺病毒作为载体进行基因治疗和预防.     

腺病毒对内皮及成纤维细胞和血管环转染及基因表达的研究

目的：比较腺病毒对不同血管内皮及成纤维细胞的转染和对人冠状动脉搭桥动脉静脉血管的转导，为携带目的基因的腺病毒治疗血管狭窄提供更好的转染途径。方法：腺病毒Ad5CMVLacZ体外转染血管内皮细胞（HUVEC）和成纤维细胞（PA317）并间接转导入胸廓内动脉和大隐静脉血管环，运用β-半乳糖苷酶活性X－gal组织化学染色，观察转染情况，并进行动态分析。结果：腺病毒载体能使外源性基因有效地转入HUVEC、PA317及两种血管环并获得蛋白表达；两种血管环在转染10d后仍有β-半乳糖苷酶蛋白的表达，且大隐静脉有新内膜形成和中膜的增厚。结论：从细胞水平上证明腺病毒载体能将治疗性目的基因导入各种血管细胞及动静脉血管并获得表达，提示血管内膜和外膜都是腺病毒有效转染的途径；临床上无论动脉或静脉的血管狭窄都可能通过用腺病毒作为载体进行基因治疗和预防。     

腺病毒载体转染大鼠颈动脉的实验研究

目的观察腺病毒载体转染大鼠颈动脉的有效性和外源性基因表达的时间过程。方法用ＡｄＶ５－ＣＭＶ质粒（对照组）或Ａｄｖ５－ＣＭＶ／ＬａｃＺ质粒（治疗组）转染大鼠颈动脉３０分钟。术后２、７、１４、２８、６０及９０天取被转染的颈动脉,行β－半乳糖苷酶活性测定和组织化学染色。结果对照组所有颈动脉均无β－半乳糖苷酶活性,治疗组术后２天颈动脉即有β－半乳糖苷酶的表达,７～１４天为表达高峰期,２８天后表达量明显减少,但可持续表达３个月之久。治疗组术后２、７、１４、２８、６０及９０天每条颈动脉均可见蓝染,其中术后７及１４天每条颈动脉横切面的全周均有蓝染,血管壁内层、中层的大部分细胞被染成蓝色。对照组所有动脉均未见蓝染。结论腺病毒载体能高效转染大鼠在体颈动脉。转染后,外源性基因的高水平表达只能维持１个月左右。     

将含有报告基因LacZ的重组腺病毒载体从大鼠鼻腔转移至脑的实验研究

目的探讨将携带有报告基因的腺病毒载体由鼻腔转移至脑途径的可行性。方法将携带半乳糖苷酶报告基因（LacZ）的5型重组腺病毒载体（Ad5 CMV LacZ）注入SD大鼠鼻腔黏膜,分别在注射3d、7d、14d、21d及28d切取大鼠鼻腔黏膜以及与嗅觉信息传导途径相关的脑组织,进行冰冻切片和β-半乳糖苷酶（β-gal）免疫组织化学反应显色,判断该载体是否转染和表达蛋白质产物。结果β-gal免疫组化染色反应显示,该病毒载体从第3天起即可在鼻腔黏膜与嗅球内的细胞转染和表达,在第7天至第21天病毒载体逐渐向颅内深部的室管膜下区、杏仁核及齿状回细胞转移和表达,持续性表达蛋白质产物达28d之久。结论经鼻腔黏膜注入腺病毒载体不仅可将外源性基因转移到脑实质内,还可确保外源性基因转染和表达成功。     

将含有报告基因LacZ的重组腺病毒载体从大鼠鼻腔转移至脑的实验研究

目的 探讨将携带有报告基因的腺病毒载体由鼻腔转移至脑途径的可行性.方法 将携带半乳糖苷酶报告基因(LacZ)的5型重组腺病毒载体(Ad5 CMV LacZ)注入SD大鼠鼻腔黏膜,分别在注射3 d、7 d、14 d、21 d及28 d切取大鼠鼻腔黏膜以及与嗅觉信息传导途径相关的脑组织,进行冰冻切片和β-半乳糖苷酶(β-gal)免疫组织化学反应显色,判断该载体是否转染和表达蛋白质产物.结果 β-gal免疫组化染色反应显示,该病毒载体从第3天起即可在鼻腔黏膜与嗅球内的细胞转染和表达,在第7天至第21天病毒载体逐渐向颅内深部的室管膜下区、杏仁核及齿状回细胞转移和表达,持续性表达蛋白质产物达28 d之久.结论 经鼻腔黏膜注入腺病毒载体不仅可将外源性基因转移到脑实质内,还可确保外源性基因转染和表达成功.     

心包穿刺简易装置在基因转染中的应用

目的探讨自制心包穿刺装置转染心脏的安全性、可行性。方法应用磷酸钙沉淀方法制备携带大肠杆菌LacZ基因复制缺陷的重组腺病毒(Ad-LacZ),将12头中国小型猪分为实验组和对照组,采用球囊堵塞前降支第一对角支远端,心肌梗死模型建立后即刻,采用自制简易心包腔穿刺装置经皮剑突下穿刺,成功后置中心静脉导管于心包腔内并行转染,28 d后处死。实验组:胶原酶1200 U及透明质酸酶3000 U预处理心包后,在心包腔内注射Ad-LacZ基因2.0×109p.f.u;对照组:同样方法预处理心包后,在心包腔内注射生理盐水1 mL。于注射后3、7及28 d分别对缺血心肌进行染色及病理观察。结果冠状动脉造影证实前降支远端完全闭塞,病理显示心肌有缺血和梗死;实验组注射Ad-LacZ基因后第3、第7天及28d后X-gal染色有阳性细胞,以第7天最明显,对照组无阳性细胞。结论自制的心包腔简易穿刺装置将腺病毒载体转染至缺血心肌是安全的,可行的,并且腺病毒可持续表达4周。     

野生型p53基因转移对心肌细胞形态的影响

目的 :探讨腺病毒介导的野生型 p5 3基因转移对心肌细胞形态的影响及 p5 3基因用于心肌疾病基因治疗的可能性。方法 :将腺病毒介导的野生型 p5 3基因转入体外培养的乳兔心肌细胞 ,应用生化染色方法、Western blotting技术检测野生型 p5 3基因的转染效率及其表达效果 ,采用相差显微镜、透射电镜等实验方法观察心肌细胞的形态学改变。结果 :重组腺病毒载体有效地将 p5 3基因转入心肌细胞中并使其得以表达 ;转入的 p5 3基因可以导致心肌细胞收缩、体积变小、胞浆浓缩、核固缩、染色质边集等改变。结论 :野生型 p5 3基因转移可以影响心肌细胞的形态 ,并能导致细胞凋亡     

阳离子脂质体Lipofectin介导的β-半乳糖苷酶基因在HepG2及GRC细胞株中的表达

目的：研究阳离子脂质体Lipofectin介导的β-半乳糖苷酶基因在不同肿瘤细胞株中的表达。方法：质粒pDCβ-在大肠杆菌DH5a中扩增后用碱裂解法提取，并经Sepharose 2B凝胶过滤柱层析，以Lipofectin分别转染人肝癌细胞株HepG2、人肾癌细胞株GRC，然后用X-gal细胞化学染色法检测β-半乳糖苷酶活性。结果：β-半乳糖苷酶活性在HepG2、GRC中均有表达。结论：阳离子脂质体Lipofectin是有效的细胞基因转染剂。     

复制缺陷的重组腺病毒经心包腔转染急性心肌梗死猪观察

目的:评价重组腺病毒经心包腔转染的效率及持续时间.方法:应用磷酸钙沉淀方法制备携带大肠杆菌LacZ基因复制缺陷的重组腺病毒(Ad-LacZ).12头中国小型猪随机等分为实验组和对照组,采用球囊堵塞前降支第一对角支远端,心肌梗死模型建立后即刻采用经皮剑突下穿刺中心静脉导管心包腔内注射转染,28 d后处死.实验组胶原酶1 200 u及透明质酸酶3 000 u预处理心包后,在心包腔内注射Ad-LacZ基因2.0×109噬斑集落形成单位;对照组:同样方法预处理心包后,在心包腔内注射生理盐水1 ml.于注射后3 d、7 d及28 d分别对缺血心肌进行HE、HBFP及X-gal染色.结果:冠状动脉造影证实前降支远端完全闭塞,病理学检查显示心肌有缺血和梗死.实验组注射Ad-LacZ基因后第3 d、7 d及28 d后X-gal染色有阳性细胞,以7 d最明显,对照组28 d内均未发现阳性细胞.结论:应用球囊堵塞法可成功建立猪急性心肌梗死模型,胶原酶及透明质酸酶预处理心包后,腺病毒载体可转染缺血心肌,并持续表达4周.     

野生型p53基因转移对心肌细胞生长的抑制作用

为了探讨野生型ｐ５３基因对心肌细胞生长的抑制作用及应用于高血压和肥厚型心肌病等疾病所致心肌肥厚的基因治疗可能性,本实验将野生型ｐ５３基因重组腺病毒转染体外培养的乳兔心肌细胞。应用生化染色方法,免疫组化法及聚合酶链反应技术,检测了野生型ｐ５３基因的转染效率及表达效果。采用ＭＴＴ方法及光镜技术进一步观察了野生型ｐ５３基因对心肌细胞生长的调节作用。结果显示,腺病毒载体能有效地将外源基因导入心肌细胞中并使     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.     

TCM Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Tonifying the Kidney and Strengthening the Governor Vessel

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic and progressive disorder with inflammation mainly involving the central axis joints. It mainly affects the cervical spine and the lumbosacral area, with the pathogenesis closely related to the kidney and the Governor Vessel (GV). TCM holds that the syndrome is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality, which is due to insufficiency of the kidney, deficiency of GV, and blocking of the channels with the invasion of exogenous evil, leading to poor circulation of qi and blood and malnutrition of the bones, muscles and joints. The TCM method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening GV to regulate circulation of qi and blood and check the arthralgia pain should be adopted, with the Kidney-Tonifying and GV Strengthening Decoction (益肾强督汤) prescribed.     

IMPROVING P-gp EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN VITRO TRANSFECTED BY MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-1 mRNA

CHEMOTHERAPY playsa greatrolein the treat- ment of malignanttumors,especiallyingynecolo- gicalones.But inanticancerchemotherapy,leuko-cytopeniaisfrequentlytheprimarydose-limitingsideeffect factor.Moreover,cancersarefrequentlychemoresistantbe-causeof overexpressionof P-glycoprotein(P-gp), which isencodedby multidrugresistancegene (MDR1 ) and detectableinup to50% ofhuman cancersand renderscellsresistancetoanticancerdrugs.The safetyand potentialtherapeuticbenefitof mdr1 gene transferredto h…