基于GC-MS方法的肾虚证代谢组学研究

目的 应用GC-MS结合主成分分析(PCA)方法研究氢化可的松诱导的肾虚证大鼠和空白对照大鼠的尿液成分谱差异.方法 使用氢化可的松诱导大鼠建立肾虚证模型,GC-HS方法分析对照组和模型组大鼠的尿液,使用PCA方法进行模式识别,寻找标记物并做出相关代谢途径的可能解释.结果 PCA方法处理肾虚证和空白对照大鼠尿液数据显示,两组大鼠的数据可以在得分图实现分类,与对照组比较肾虚组大鼠由于氢化可的松诱导,大鼠机体进入一个过消耗后衰弱的状态,相关代谢发生显著变化.结论 GC-HS方法结合PCA模式识别的代谢组学方法具有研究复杂条件下机体病理生理变化的优势,本研究为理解中医的肾虚证和为该类疾病临床诊治的研究提供了证据.     

高血压病肝阳上亢证患者尿液样品的核磁共振谱代谢组学研究

[目的]寻找高血压病肝阳上亢证患者可能的生物标记物,揭示其证候本质。[方法]对2008年7月至2009年10月间山东省中医医院神经内科收治的9例高血压病肝阳上亢证患者与7例健康志愿者,用~1HNMR分析尿液成分,使用PCA方法进行模式识别,寻找标记物并做出相关代谢途径解释。[结果]两组~1HNMR谱数据可以在得分图实现分类;与健康志愿者作比较,高血压病肝阳上亢患者机体相关代谢发生显著变化,体内氨基酸、葡萄糖代谢明显异于健康志愿者。[结论]~1HNMR结合PCA模式识别的代谢组学方法具有研究复杂条件下机体病理生理变化的优势,为理解高血压病肝阳上亢证的证候本质和诊断提供了科学依据。     

高血压病肝阳上亢证患者尿液代谢指纹图谱研究

目的:探讨高血压病肝阳上亢证患者的尿液代谢谱特征。方法:采用高效液相色谱质谱联用技术结合主成分分析(PCA)方法分析、比较10例高血压病肝阳上亢证患者和10例健康志愿者的尿液成分谱差异。结果:与健康志愿者相比,高血压病肝阳上亢证患者机体相关代谢发生显著变化,两组的高效液相色谱数据在得分图中实现了较准确的分类。结论:高效液相色谱质谱联用结合PCA模式识别的代谢组学方法具有研究复杂条件下机体病理生理变化的优势,可以为高血压病肝阳上亢证的诊断提供一定的客观依据。     

基于核磁共振技术的小青龙汤证的证本质研究

目的通过分析各组大鼠尿液代谢物图谱,发现小青龙汤证的生物标志物,为临床诊断和治疗提供客观依据。方法对正常组和模型组大鼠的尿液进行核磁共振氢谱检测,图谱经Me-stRec预处理和积分后,所得数据用SIMCA-P+进行主成分分析(PCA),得到相应的散点图和载荷图,进行比较后找出差异性代谢物。结果与正常组比较,模型组中肌酸酐、胍基乙酸、三甲胺、牛磺酸、尿囊素等代谢物含量升高(P<0.05),琥珀酸、α-酮戊二酸、乳酸、甘氨酸、甲基烟碱等代谢物含量降低(P<0.05)。结论模型组大鼠尿液中与能量代谢有关的小分子化合物与正常组有明显差别,提示基于核磁共振技术和模式识别的代谢组学方法可以揭示小青龙汤证的证本质。     

糖尿病肾阴虚证模型大鼠尿液的代谢组学研究

目的:研究糖尿病肾阴虚证大鼠模型尿液的代谢表型变化,探讨代谢组学在糖尿病肾阴虚证研究中的应用.方法:将大鼠分为正常组、模型组,模型组采用甲状腺素和链脲佐茵素分别皮下和腹腔注射的方法来制作糖尿病阴虚证大鼠模型;收集造模组大鼠的尿液,进行GC-MS检测.结果:模型组大鼠血糖增高,尿糖、尿蛋白均增高.与正常组比较,模型组大鼠的尿液中包含的甘氨酸、琥珀酸含量显著升高(P<0.05),十六烷酸、胆固醇含量显著下降(P<0.05).结论:大鼠的尿液代谢谱与糖尿病肾阴虚证密切相关,代谢组学在中医糖尿病研究中有广泛前景.     

腺嘌呤与氢化可的松大鼠肾阳虚模型造模方法比较

目的比较腺嘌呤诱导与氢化可的松诱导的SD大鼠肾阳虚模型的优劣，从而得到临床症状、生化指标更符合中医“肾阳虚”型的动物模型，以供科研、教学使用。方法雄性SD大鼠100只，随机分成正常组、腺嘌呤造模组及氢化可的松低剂量组、中剂量组、高剂量组各20只，造模成功后检测血肌酐（Scr）、尿素氮（BUN）、尿液中17-羟皮质类固醇（17-OH）和血浆中甲状腺激素（13、T4）、睾丸酮（T）、雌二醇（E2）及模型大鼠骨密度。结果无论从症状主证方面，还是客观指标方面（除骨密度外），腺嘌呤诱导的SD大鼠肾阳虚型动物模型在生化指标研究方面均优于氢化可的松诱导组。结论腺嘌呤诱导的肾阳虚证SD大鼠模型在症状主证方面及其相关的生化研究方面优于氢化可的松组。     

几种模式识别方法在大鼠高脂血症代谢组学研究中的应用

目的： 探讨不同的模式识别方法在分析大鼠高脂血症代谢组学实验数据中的应用。方法： 采用高脂饲料喂养的方法,建立大鼠高脂血症模型。同时,以GC/MS为技术基础的代谢组学研究大鼠高脂血症的发病过程,并对图谱进行分析,将分离得到内源性代谢物,分别应用主成分分析(PCA)、软独立建模分类法(SIMCA)、非线性映射(NLM)3种模式识别方法对数据进行分析。结果： SIMCA和NLM在样本分类的效果上优于PCA,且NLM可表现出样本的经时变化规律;而PCA和SIMCA能更好地解释与疾病相关的内源性代谢物的信息,3种方法所得的结果可以互相印证和补充。结论： 在代谢组学研究中,可以运用多种模式识别方法对数据进行分析处理,以得到更可靠和全面的信息。     

基于1H核磁共振谱分析的自发性高血压大鼠尿液代谢特征

目的 采用¹H核磁共振谱分析结合偏最小二乘分析（PLS-DA）方法研究自发性高血压大鼠和Wistar大鼠尿液的成分谱差异,寻找可能的生物标记物。方法 选取自发性高血压大鼠和Wistar大鼠,连续4周收集尿液,以¹H-NMR分析两组大鼠的尿液成分,使用PLS-DA方法进行模式识别,通过OPLS-DA的相关系数寻找差异标记物。结果 PLS-DA方法处理高血压大鼠和Wistar大鼠的¹H-NMR谱数据显示,两组¹HNMR谱数据可以在得分图中明显区分,且代谢趋势在连续4周测定均非常稳定,说明自发性高血压大鼠有着特定的代谢模式,通过OPLS相关系数分析出体内部分氨基酸代谢产物和葡萄糖等能量代谢物质明显异于正常大鼠。结论 ¹H-NMR结合PLS-DA模式识别的代谢组学方法具有研究复杂条件下机体病理生理变化的优势,为了解高血压大鼠的代谢特征提供了科学依据.     

高果糖诱导大鼠胰岛素抵抗模型的胰腺组织代谢组学研究

目的 应用基于核磁共振氢谱(1H nuclear magnetic resonance,1HNMR)的代谢组学方法研究高果糖诱导大鼠胰岛素抵抗(insulin resistance,IR)模型的胰腺代谢组变化.方法 选取Wistar大鼠16只,适应1周后随机分为2组:正常对照组和模型组,每组8只.模型组给予10％果糖水喂饲8周,制备胰岛素抵抗模型;正常对照组给予等体积的纯净水.实验8周后取大鼠胰腺组织,采集两组大鼠胰腺组织水溶性提取液的1H NMR谱,运用主成分分析法(principal component analysis,PCA)分析.结果 与正常对照组相比,肌酸、甜菜碱/氧化三甲胺、牛磺酸、甘氨酸和肌醇在模型组中是升高的,乳酸、胆碱和甘油磷脂胆碱/磷脂胆碱则是降低的,且均具有显著性差异.结论 基于核磁共振和模式识别的代谢组学方法能够给出胰岛素抵抗模型胰腺组织提取液的代谢特征,为理解胰岛素抵抗状态下胰腺组织的代谢变化提供依据.     

基于不同模式识别方法的大鼠尿液核磁共振氢谱分析

目的采用核磁共振波谱技术测试不同性别大鼠尿液代谢物,探讨不同模式识别方法对结果的影响。方法利用主成分分析（principal component analysis,PCA）、偏最小二乘法判别分析（partial least squares discriminant analysis,PLS-DA）、正交偏最小二乘法判别分析（orthogonal to partial least squares discri minant analysis,OPLS-DA）等方法分析不同性别大鼠尿液中的差异性代谢物。结果数据进行中心化处理后进行PCA和PLS-DA分析可以判别两组尿液中具有差异性的缬氨酸、乙酸、尿囊素、鸟氨酸、肌酸酐、二甲胺、丙氨酸、柠檬酸等代谢物,而进行OPLS-DA分析除了判别出以上具有差异性的代谢物外还确定了氨基马尿酸、甲胺、延胡索酸等两组中有显著差异的代谢物。结论 OPLS-DA分析是代谢组学研究中比较灵明的数据分析方法。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.     

TCM Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Tonifying the Kidney and Strengthening the Governor Vessel

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic and progressive disorder with inflammation mainly involving the central axis joints. It mainly affects the cervical spine and the lumbosacral area, with the pathogenesis closely related to the kidney and the Governor Vessel (GV). TCM holds that the syndrome is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality, which is due to insufficiency of the kidney, deficiency of GV, and blocking of the channels with the invasion of exogenous evil, leading to poor circulation of qi and blood and malnutrition of the bones, muscles and joints. The TCM method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening GV to regulate circulation of qi and blood and check the arthralgia pain should be adopted, with the Kidney-Tonifying and GV Strengthening Decoction (益肾强督汤) prescribed.     

IMPROVING P-gp EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN VITRO TRANSFECTED BY MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-1 mRNA

CHEMOTHERAPY playsa greatrolein the treat- ment of malignanttumors,especiallyingynecolo- gicalones.But inanticancerchemotherapy,leuko-cytopeniaisfrequentlytheprimarydose-limitingsideeffect factor.Moreover,cancersarefrequentlychemoresistantbe-causeof overexpressionof P-glycoprotein(P-gp), which isencodedby multidrugresistancegene (MDR1 ) and detectableinup to50% ofhuman cancersand renderscellsresistancetoanticancerdrugs.The safetyand potentialtherapeuticbenefitof mdr1 gene transferredto h…