PP—g—MAZn离聚物的固相法合成与表征

以ＤＣＰＯ为引发剂，将ＰＰ粉末通过固相法与马为酸锌发生接枝反应，合成不同接枝率的ＰＰ－ｇ－ＭＡＺｎ离聚物。考察反应温度，引发剂浓度，单体的用量对接枝率的影响，研究表明，（１）ＰＰ－ｇ－ＭＡＺｎ离聚物的ＦＴＩＲ图中，１５４０ｃｍ＾－１－１６４３ｃｍ＾－１之间出现宽的峰，说明ＭＡＺｎ与ＰＰ发生了接枝反应；（２）ＰＰ－ｇ－ＭＡＺｎ的ＷＡＸＤ谱中在２θ＝１０．６°，３１．２°，３３．２°，处有衍射峰，表明     

明胶保护溶液还原法制备超细镍粉

以明胶为高分子保护剂，水合肼为还原剂，在水溶液中制备了粒径为０．１～０．５μｍ、分散良好的类球形超细镍粉。研究了明胶保护条件下水合肼用量、碳酸钠浓度、反应时间、明胶浓度、硝酸银加入量对镍粉的产率、形态及反应诱导期的影响。Ｘ射线衍射及Ｘ射线荧光光谱分析表明，所合成的超细镍粉为单一晶相，纯度超过９８％。热重分析显示超细镍粉在空气中的氧化起始温度为３００°Ｃ，终止温度为６００°Ｃ。     

CaO—BaO—SiO2—TiO2系统溶胶涂液的制备和凝胶化过程

采用溶胶－凝胶工艺制备０．１ＣａＯ－０．１ＢａＯ－ＸＳｉＯ２－（０．８－Ｘ）ＴｉＯ２和ＹＣａＯ－（０．３－Ｙ）ＢａＯ－０．３ＳｉＯ２－０．４ＴｉＯ２（Ｘ＝０～０．５，Ｙ＝０～０．３摩尔分数）两组四元系统浸涂液。根据粘度变化和凝胶时间研究了组成、水和醋酸加入量对溶胶涂液稳定性的影响，得出了配制稳定期长的浸涂液的配比。利用红外光谱和Ｘ－射线衍射（ＸＲＤ）探讨溶胶形成过程和凝胶向玻璃态转变过程中的结构变化。结果表明：溶液中ＣＨ３ＣＯＯ－取代醇盐中的ＯＲ基团分别与Ｓｉ４＋和Ｔｉ４＋配位，形成反应活性不同于原醇盐的新的前驱体醇盐；经５００°Ｃ热处理后凝胶的红外光谱中出现由Ｔｉ—Ｏ—Ｓｉ伸缩振动所引起的吸收带。ＸＲＤ谱证实６０°Ｃ干凝胶中有醋酸盐晶体，５００°Ｃ热处理后，这种晶体消失，凝胶中生成Ｂａ２ＴｉＯ４晶相。     

生物医学材料三维结构的电子显微镜检测

用Ｈ－５００电镜附件角度台拍照病毒样颗粒样品，当改变入射电子束与薄切片间倾角时，每间隔５°时得一套５张（－１０°，－５°，０°，＋５°，＋１０°）照片，每间隔２．５＂得到另一套７张（－７．５°，－５°，－２．５°，０°，＋２．５°，＋５°，＋７．５°）照片。结果：当电子束倾角改变时每个测试点相应的向一定方向移动一定距离。有一些特殊点保持原位不变，联接这些点的直线叫参照轴（Ｙ轴）。恰好正在Ｙ轴正中的点叫原点，过原点垂直于Ｙ轴的另条线叫ｘ轴，这样得到ＸＹ平面。△θ和每个测试点ＸＹ值为巳知，计算出ＹＺ和ＺＸ平面，得到各测试点空间值（０－ＸＹＺ），便能作Ｖ、Ｐ三维重组。提示：此检测法适合无序的、未知的生物医学材料的三维结构。     

β晶型聚丙烯的力学性能与结晶行为研究

研究了β晶型成核剂（酰胺化合物）用量对聚丙烯力学性能的影响，并对β晶型聚丙烯进行了偏光显微镜观察，DSC和广角X射线衍射分析。结果表明：添加β晶型成核剂后，聚丙烯的球晶细密化，α晶型向β晶型转变，韧性增强。     

等离子体改性聚丙烯纤维表面的XPS研究

用等离子体技术处理了聚丙烯纤维表面．用Ｘ－射线光电子能谱（ＸＰＳ）研究了聚合物表面的元素组成、相对含量的变化、表面官能团的类型．采用曲线拟合分峰技术对谱图进行数学处理，结果表明：尽管处理气氛不同，聚丙烯纤维表面除含有Ｃ—Ｈ和Ｃ＝Ｃ键外，还引入了Ｏ、Ｎ元素．形成活性基团：－ＯＨ、＞Ｃ＝Ｏ、－ＣＯＯＨ、－ＮＨ２和－ＣＯＮＨ２等，提高了聚合物表面活性。     

LDPE—g—MALa离聚物的研究

详细地研究了ＬＤＰＥ熔融接枝马来酸镧（ＭＡＬａ）的反应。产物ＬＤＰＥ－ｇ－ＭＡＬａ的ＩＲ表明在波数１５４９ｃｍ－１和１６２８ｃｍ－１处出现了羧酸盐的Ｃ＝０伸缩振动峰，说明ＭＡＬａ已接枝在ＬＤＰＥ上；ＷＡＸＤ衍射结果则表明在２θ＝１７．２０°、１４．２０°处出现了新的衍射峰—离子峰。为了控制熔融接枝过程，考察了各种瓜条件对接枝率的影响。同时，ＤＳＣ的结果表明离聚物中离子微区的存在在结晶过程中可以起到较好的成核作用。     

晶化温度对牙用玻璃陶瓷显微结构的影响

为研究晶化热处理对玻璃陶瓷显微结构的影响，作者按不同晶化温度条件分组，采用扫描电镜、Ｘ射线能谱、Ｘ射线衍射等技术分析了玻璃陶瓷显微结构随不同晶化温度而变化的规律。结果表明：该材料主晶相为四硅酸氟云母晶体（ＫＭｇ２．５Ｓｉ４Ｏ１０Ｆ２），在８３０℃～９５０℃的晶化温度范围内，晶化温度升高导致晶体长大、增多，晶形转变，结晶率呈上升趋势。     

谈半角、二倍角的正余弦的符号

在三角函数这一部分,求值问题是一类重要的题型。用单角的正余弦表示半角、倍角的正弦和余弦的符号比较棘手,下面就分情况加以讨论。１题目给出了角的具体条件,在其前只能取一种符号例１．已知ｃｏｓα＝－３／５且１８０°＜α＜２７０°。求ｓｉｎα／２ｃｏｓα／２的符号．解∵１８０°＜α＜２７０°９０°＜α＜１３５°．∴ｓｉｎα／２＞０ｃｏｓα／２＞０．例２．已知ｃｏｓα＝－１２／１３απ／２,π,求ｃｏｓ２αｓｉｎ２α的符号。解：∵ｃｏｓα＝－１２／１３απ／２π．ｃｏｓα在２…     

豚鼠烫伤皮肤组织中6－酮－前列腺素F_（1α）和血栓素B_2的变化及其在真皮进

通过复制典型豚鼠深Ⅱ°烫伤模型，用放射免疫分析法测定皮肤组织中６－酮－前列腺素Ｆ１α（６－Ｋ－ＰＧＦ１α）和血栓素Ｂ２（ＴＸＢ２）水平，并同时颈动脉墨汁灌注，观察不同时相点墨汁在真皮中充盈情况。结果为：伤后８小时内６－Ｋ－ＰＧＦ１α和ＴＸＢ２值均升高，８小时以后到２４小时则６－Ｋ－ＰＧＦ１α下降接近正常值，而ＴＸＢ２值虽有下降，但仍明显高于正常。ＴＸＢ２与创面真皮进行性缺血有一定相关性。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.     

TCM Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Tonifying the Kidney and Strengthening the Governor Vessel

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic and progressive disorder with inflammation mainly involving the central axis joints. It mainly affects the cervical spine and the lumbosacral area, with the pathogenesis closely related to the kidney and the Governor Vessel (GV). TCM holds that the syndrome is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality, which is due to insufficiency of the kidney, deficiency of GV, and blocking of the channels with the invasion of exogenous evil, leading to poor circulation of qi and blood and malnutrition of the bones, muscles and joints. The TCM method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening GV to regulate circulation of qi and blood and check the arthralgia pain should be adopted, with the Kidney-Tonifying and GV Strengthening Decoction (益肾强督汤) prescribed.     

IMPROVING P-gp EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN VITRO TRANSFECTED BY MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-1 mRNA

CHEMOTHERAPY playsa greatrolein the treat- ment of malignanttumors,especiallyingynecolo- gicalones.But inanticancerchemotherapy,leuko-cytopeniaisfrequentlytheprimarydose-limitingsideeffect factor.Moreover,cancersarefrequentlychemoresistantbe-causeof overexpressionof P-glycoprotein(P-gp), which isencodedby multidrugresistancegene (MDR1 ) and detectableinup to50% ofhuman cancersand renderscellsresistancetoanticancerdrugs.The safetyand potentialtherapeuticbenefitof mdr1 gene transferredto h…