血管内栓塞治疗颅内宽颈动脉瘤

目的：总结血管内栓塞治疗55例62枚颅内宽颈动脉瘤的体会,探讨颅内宽颈动脉瘤介入治疗方法、技术操作要点及存在问题。方法：55例颅内动脉瘤患中49例为破裂动脉瘤,按Hunt-Hess分级;Ⅰ级9例,Ⅱ级15例,Ⅲ级18例,Ⅳ级7例。采用双弯塑形、横向成篮、分部填塞及篮外填塞等方法治疗51例,瘤颈重塑形技术2例,血管内支架结合电解可脱卸弹簧圈（GDC）栓塞治疗3例。结果：栓塞程度：致密栓塞50个（80．6％）,90％以上8枚（12．9％）,90％以下4枚（6．5％）。术中出血2例（3．6％）,死亡2例（3．6％）。结论：GDC栓塞颅内动脉瘤具有微创、安全、效果可靠的优点。采用双弯塑形、横向成篮、分部填塞、篮外填塞及重塑形（remodelling)技术等方法,可以明显提高宽颈动脉瘤的致密栓塞率。血管内支架结合GDC可能成为治疗颅内梭形及宽颈动脉瘤的有效方法。     

复杂性颅内动脉瘤的介入治疗

目的 总结血管内栓塞治疗165例颅内复杂性动脉瘤患者的体会，探讨颅内复杂性动脉瘤介入治疗方法、技术操作要点、存在问题及临床应用前景。方法 165例颅内动脉瘤患者中139例为破裂动脉瘤，按Hunt—Hess分级：I级49例，Ⅱ级55例，Ⅲ级48例，Ⅳ级13例。采用双弯塑形、横向成篮、分部填塞及篮外填塞等方法治疗101例，瘤颈重塑形技术2例，血管内支架结合GDC62例。结果 栓塞程度：致密栓塞139例(84．2％)，90％以上20例(12．1％)，90％以下7例(4．2％)。术中出血3例(1．8％)，死亡2例(1．2％)。结论 GDC栓塞颅内动脉瘤具有微创、安全、效果可靠的优点。采用双弯塑形、横向成篮、分部填塞、篮外填塞及Remodelling技术等方法，可以明显提高宽颈动脉瘤的致密栓塞率，血管内支架结合GDC是治疗颅内梭形及宽颈动脉瘤的有效方法，支架覆盖的主要分支血管血流不受支架影响，长期疗效有待于进一步随访观察。     

血管内栓塞治疗颅内小动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血预后的研究

目的 探讨电解可脱性微弹簧圈(GDC)血管内栓塞治疗颅内小动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血的患者预后.方法 本组63例均证实为颅内小动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血,均行GDC血管内栓塞治疗,观察GDC血管内栓塞治疗并发症的发生情况,栓塞结束后临床随访结果和影像学随访结果.观察患者性别、年龄、动脉瘤部位、Hunt-Hess分级、Fisher分级、症状性脑血管痉挛、手术时间、急性脑积水程度、迟发性脑积水程度、术后颅内压力与临床预后的关系.结果 63例患者中,栓塞治疗中1例弹簧圈部分脱出瘤腔,无术中动脉瘤破裂和无动脉栓塞或血栓发生.临床随访恢复良好39例,轻、中度残疾22例,重度残疾或死亡2例,均无栓塞后动脉瘤再次破裂出血;影像学随访42例,1例动脉瘤栓塞术后瘤颈复发,41例动脉瘤均保持手术栓塞结束当时的状态.影响患者临床预后因素依次是:①症状性脑血管痉挛;②发病后的Hunt-Hess分级;③术后颅内压力.结论 GDC血管内栓塞治疗小动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血是安全和有效的治疗方法,症状性脑血管痉挛是影响小动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血预后的决定性因素.     

GDC栓塞治疗47例颅内动脉瘤的疗效

目的 探讨应用电解可脱性铂金弹簧圈(GDC)栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤的疗效和经验。方法 47例颅内动脉瘤患者(48个动脉瘤)，其中43例行单纯GDC栓塞术，3例宽颈动脉瘤行支架结合GDC栓塞，1例宽颈动脉瘤应用球囊瘤颈塑型GDC栓塞术．术前、术后造影对比，术后随访1～58个月。结果 47例颅内动脉瘤患者，行GDC栓塞47个，其中36个100％栓塞(76．5％)，6个90％柃塞(12．8％)，2个80％栓塞(4．3％)，1个50％栓塞(2．1％)，2个栓塞失败(4．3％)，1个多发动脉瘤未作处理，4例应用瘤颈辅助技术手术顺利，效果满意。术后随访无蛛网膜下腔出血发生。结论 GDC适合大多数颅内动脉瘤的栓塞治疗，安全可靠。     

电解可脱卸弹簧圈血管内栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤

目的 回顾分析9例颅内破裂动脉瘤以电解可脱卸弹簧圈(guglielmi detachable coil，GDC)栓塞的临床情况及疗效。方法本组病例均因自发性蛛网膜下腔出血或脑内血肿急诊入院，入院时按Hunt-Hess分级,Ⅲ级5例，Ⅳ级4例；手术前Hunt-Hess分级：Ⅰ级2例，Ⅱ级3例，Ⅲ级2例，Ⅳ级2例。动眼神经麻痹1例，6例伴脑室积血及梗阻性脑积水。DSA显示颈内动脉瘤2个，大脑后动脉瘤3个，前交通动脉瘤2个，后交通动脉瘤1个，大脑中动脉瘤2个。1例在出血后8天，1例12天，2例在出血后15天，5例在3周后行GDC栓塞治疗。结果9例10个动脉瘤栓塞9个，8例完全闭塞，1例术中动脉瘤破裂，术后家属放弃抢救，死于脑疝。1例术中大脑中动脉栓塞，行动脉溶栓后复通，病人遗留左上肢轻瘫。3例在栓塞前再出血。术后随访2～15个月，无再出血。结论GDC栓塞颅内动脉瘤是首选的治疗方法。     

多因素法分析GDC栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤危险因素

目的：探讨影响应用GDC栓塞颅内动脉瘤的临床危险因素。方法：选择近期资料齐全的62例颅内动脉瘤病人，临床资料观察可能与治疗结果有关的26个指标，采用多因素分析。结果：Hunt-Hess分级、截瘤动脉是否闭塞、高血压或糖尿病病史、昏迷史、是否出现血管痉挛5个临床指标被多因素法筛出有统计学意义。结论：病人既往有无高血压或糖尿病病史、有无昏迷病史，治疗前Hunt-Hess分级、有无血管痉挛以及治疗过程中是否出现载瘤动脉闭塞和血管痉挛是应用GDC栓塞颅内动脉瘤的临床高危因素。     

外伤性颈内动脉海绵窦段假性动脉瘤血管内栓塞治疗

目的：探讨外伤性颈内动脉海绵窦段假性动脉瘤血管内栓塞治疗的方法和疗效。方法：5例颈内动脉海绵窦段假性动脉瘤，其中的4例宽颈假性动脉瘤先植入冠脉孔支架覆盖动脉颈，再将微导管通过支架网孔超选进入动脉瘤腔，填塞电解可脱卸弹簧圈（GDC）；另1例窄颈假性动脉瘤单纯行GDC填塞。结果：所有动脉瘤均成功治疗，动脉瘤填塞均在95％以上，1例宽颈假性动脉瘤行支架结合GDC治疗后复发，经再次填塞GDC后治愈，1随访5－18个月，载瘤动脉通畅，临床效果优良。结论：从本组资料看，窄颈和宽颈假性动脉瘤可分别采用GDC栓塞和血管内支架结合GDC栓塞治疗，血管内支架结合GDC栓塞治疗颈内动脉假性动脉瘤是安全、有效的方法，长期疗效有待进一步随访。     

颅内动脉瘤血管内治疗中复杂情况的处理

目的：探讨l5例在血管内治疗中发生的复杂问题的颅内动脉瘤的处理。方法：窄颈动脉瘤直接采用GDC栓塞治疗、宽颈动脉瘤先用支架成形后再应用GDC栓塞治疗、巨大动脉瘤及假性动脉瘤采用可脱式球囊或弹簧圈闭塞载瘤动脉。结果：3例窄颈动脉瘤采用GDC栓塞治疗中动脉瘤破裂出血，经继续栓塞后全部治愈；3例宽颈动脉瘤采用支架成形后应用GDC栓塞治愈；9例巨大动脉瘤及假性动脉瘤采用可脱式球囊或弹簧圈闭塞载瘤动脉后，8例治愈，l例因严重贫血发生脑梗塞而遗留轻度神经功能缺失。结论：采用GDC或微支架辅助GDC血管内栓塞是治疗动脉瘤的一种微创、安全、有效的方法，贫血在行载瘤动脉闭塞时确定脑血流代偿能力的诸因素中具有重要意义。     

双微导管介入栓塞治疗急性期 颅内宽颈动脉瘤的疗效分析

目的 分析双微导管介入栓塞治疗急性期颅内宽颈动脉瘤的疗效及预后影响因素。 方法 选择 2018 年 1 月至 2022 年 12 月浙江大学医学院附属第二医院临平院区收治的急性期颅内宽颈动脉瘤患者 110 例,均行双微导管介入栓塞治疗,观 察双微导管介入栓塞治疗后患者的栓塞率、术后 1 个月有效率及并发症情况。出院后随访 6 个月,在末次随访时采用神经功能预 后量表（mRS）评分评估患者神经功能恢复情况,根据mRS评分结果将患者分为预后良好组和预后不良组。比较两组患者的临床 特征,采用多因素 logistic 回归分析双微导管介入栓塞治疗急性期颅内宽颈动脉瘤预后不良的危险因素。 结果 110 例患者手术 均成功,术后即刻血管造影检查显示,栓塞率为 96.36%（106/110）。术后 1 个月有效率 91.67%（99/108）。术后发生电解质紊乱、 肺部感染及发热各 1 例,脑积水和尿路感染各 2 例,术后并发症发生率为 6.48%（7/108）。预后不良组年龄大于预后良好组,有高 血压病史、术前 Hunt-Hess 分级Ⅲ～Ⅳ级者占比高于预后良好组,瘤颈宽度大于预后良好组,差异均有统计学意义（均 P＜ 0.05）。高血压病史、术前 Hunt-Hess 分级Ⅲ～Ⅳ级、瘤颈宽度等因素均是双微导管介入栓塞治疗急性期颅内宽颈动脉瘤预后不 良的危险因素（均 P＜0.05）。 结论 双微导管介入栓塞治疗急性期颅内宽颈动脉瘤的临床效果显著,术后并发症发生率较低。 患者若伴有高血压病史、术前Hunt Hess分级Ⅲ～Ⅳ级、瘤颈较宽时预后不良的发生风险增高,在诊治过程中应予关注。     

Multivariate Analysis of Prognostic Factors for Patients with Intracranial Aneurysms

目的 探讨影响颅内动脉瘤患者预后的相关因素并对其进行评价.方法 回顾性分析109例患者的年龄、性别、高血压、糖尿病、呼吸系统疾病、意识水平、临床病情分级、动脉瘤破裂次数、CT Fisher分级、动脉瘤的部位、瘤体、瘤颈大小、囊颈比例、治疗方式,共14项50个水平进行单因素和多因素分析.各自变量分别定义并赋值.以30 d预后及＞6个月以上预后分别为因变量并行统计学处理.单因素、多因素分析均采用Logistic回归分析.结果 多因素分析显示,y1=30 d预后时,Hunt-Hess分级对预后的影响差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),Hunt-Hess 0、Ⅰ、Il级时,其OR(与 Hunt-HessⅣ、V级比较)值分别为107.677(P＜0.01)、63.750(P＜0.01)、51(P＜0.01).y2=6个月以上预后为因变量,意识水平对预后的影响差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).GCS评分13~15分、8～12分的OR值(与 GCS 3～7分患者比较)分别为:42.9(P＜0.01)、19.5(P＜0.05).结论 所有诊断为颅内动脉瘤的患者,临床病情分级(Hunt-Hess分级)是影响30 d预后最为重要的独立危险因素,意识水平是影响6个月以上预后最为重要的独立危险因素.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.     

TCM Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Tonifying the Kidney and Strengthening the Governor Vessel

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic and progressive disorder with inflammation mainly involving the central axis joints. It mainly affects the cervical spine and the lumbosacral area, with the pathogenesis closely related to the kidney and the Governor Vessel (GV). TCM holds that the syndrome is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality, which is due to insufficiency of the kidney, deficiency of GV, and blocking of the channels with the invasion of exogenous evil, leading to poor circulation of qi and blood and malnutrition of the bones, muscles and joints. The TCM method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening GV to regulate circulation of qi and blood and check the arthralgia pain should be adopted, with the Kidney-Tonifying and GV Strengthening Decoction (益肾强督汤) prescribed.     

IMPROVING P-gp EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN VITRO TRANSFECTED BY MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-1 mRNA

CHEMOTHERAPY playsa greatrolein the treat- ment of malignanttumors,especiallyingynecolo- gicalones.But inanticancerchemotherapy,leuko-cytopeniaisfrequentlytheprimarydose-limitingsideeffect factor.Moreover,cancersarefrequentlychemoresistantbe-causeof overexpressionof P-glycoprotein(P-gp), which isencodedby multidrugresistancegene (MDR1 ) and detectableinup to50% ofhuman cancersand renderscellsresistancetoanticancerdrugs.The safetyand potentialtherapeuticbenefitof mdr1 gene transferredto h…