靶控输注依托咪酯乳剂对患者围术期应激反应的调控

目的利用靶控输注的技术应用依托咪酯乳剂，研究其对患者围术期应激反应的调控。方法45例择期手术的患者随机分为三组，每组15例：Ⅰ组为对照组，不使用依托咪酯；Ⅱ组为依托咪酯持续静推组，Ⅲ组为依托咪酯靶控输注组。在麻醉前，插管后，切皮后，缝皮时，术后第1日清晨四个时点测皮质醇，血糖；停药后30min测静脉糖耐量试验。结果Ⅰ组术中各时点皮质醇水平高于正常值，Ⅱ组插管时皮质醇水平高于正常值，Ⅲ组各时点皮质醇水平在正常值范围内；Ⅱ、Ⅲ组皮质醇水平随给药时间延长而下降；所有患者术后第1日晨皮质醇恢复正常。Ⅰ组插管后血糖增高，停药后30min静脉糖耐量异常；Ⅱ、Ⅲ组血糖及糖耐量未见异常。结论麻醉中利用靶控输注的技术复合依托咪酯乳剂可更好地调控围术期应激反应。依托咪酯乳剂对术前糖代谢正常的患者术中糖代谢无明显影响。     

靶控输注在临床麻醉中的应用

目的:利用靶控输注的技术应用依托咪酯乳剂,研究其对患者围术期应激反应的调控。方法:45例择期手术的患者随机分为3组,每组15例:Ⅰ组为对照组,不使用依托咪酯;Ⅱ组为依托咪酯持续静脉推注组,Ⅲ组为依托咪酯靶控输注组。在麻醉前,插管后,切皮后,缝皮时,术后第1天清晨4个时点测皮质醇、血糖;停药后30m in测静脉糖耐量试验。结果:I组术中各时点皮质醇水平高于正常值,Ⅱ组插管时皮质醇水平高于正常值,Ⅲ组各时点皮质醇水平在正常值范围内;Ⅱ、Ⅲ组皮质醇水平随给药时间延长而下降;所有患者术后第1天晨皮质醇恢复正常。Ⅰ组插管后血糖增高,停药后30m in静脉糖耐量异常;Ⅱ、Ⅲ组血糖及糖耐量未见异常。结论:麻醉中利用靶控输注的技术复合依托咪酯乳剂可更好地调控围术期应激反应。依托咪酯乳剂对术前糖代谢正常的患者术中糖代谢无明显影响。     

依托咪酯在大肠癌根治术麻醉中对患者血流动力学及血浆皮质醇含量的影响

目的观察依托咪酯在大肠癌根治术麻醉中对患者血流动力学及血浆皮质醇含量的影响。方法大肠癌根治术患者40例,随机分为两组,各20例,分别持续输注依托咪酯和丙泊酚进行麻醉维持,记录血压和心率的变化,抽血测定血浆皮质醇浓度。结果两组患者围手术期血流动力学均维持稳定,依托咪酯组患者术中血浆皮质醇逐渐降低,但维持在正常范围,至术后24h恢复到术前水平,丙泊酚组患者血浆皮质醇随着手术进程延长逐渐增高。结论依托咪酯抑制围手术期麻醉和手术创伤导致的机体皮质醇合成和分泌增加的作用是短暂的,可安全用于无肾上腺皮质功能减退患者的肠癌根治术麻醉。     

依托咪酯乳剂对老年上腹部手术患者的肾上腺皮质功能的影响

目的：观察依托咪酯乳对老年上腹部手术患者肾上腺皮质功能的影响.方法：将80例择期手术患者随机分为依托咪酯组和丙泊酚组,每组40例,分别使用靶控输注依托咪酯乳剂和靶控输注丙泊酚乳剂进行麻醉;观察术前5 min、术后5min、术后30 min、术后24 h及48 h两组患者血清皮质醇（COR）、促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）及醛固酮（ALD）水平.结果：术后依托咪酯组患者血清COR及ALD浓度较术前降低,而血清ACTH浓度升高,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;依托咪酯组患者术后48h血清COR浓度恢复术前水平,术后24h血清ACTH、ALD浓度恢复术前水平;丙泊酚组患者术后血清COR、ACTH、ALD浓度与其术前相比,差异无统计学意义（P＜0.05）.依托咪酯组患者术后5 min、术后30 min及术后24h血清COR浓度较低,术后5min及术后30 min血清ACTH浓度较高,术后5min及术后30 min血清ALD浓度较低,与丙泊酚组患者相比,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论：依托咪酯较丙泊酚更能抑制肾上腺皮质功能,其对肾上腺皮质功能的抑制作用短暂,术后48 h内可恢复至正常水平.     

依托咪酯诱导与维持麻醉对肺癌根治术患者血清皮质醇含量的影响

目的 观察依托咪酯复合麻醉对肺癌根治术患者血浆皮质醇含量的影响.方法 选择40例20～60岁、ASA Ⅰ～Ⅱ级、择期第一台肺癌根治术患者随机分为两组:依托咪酯组(E组)在诱导和维持中选用依托咪酯,丙泊酚组(P组)在诱导和维持中选用丙泊酚,每组20例.采用放射免疫分析技术测定患者麻醉前(8Am)、术后当日4Pm和术后24 h静脉血浆皮质醇含量.结果 两组间比较,各时点皮质醇浓度无统计学差异.组内比较,术后当日皮质醇浓度均较术前稍有下降,但无统计学意义(P＞0.05),并且高于正常值,术后24h时皮质醇浓度均较术前增高(p<0.01).结论 短时间对肾上腺皮质功能正常患者使用依托咪酯诱导与维持对肺癌根治术患者皮质醇合成和分泌无明显影响.     

依托咪酯复合骶管麻醉对小儿皮质醇的影响

目的:观察持续输注依托咪酯复合骶管麻醉对小儿血清皮质醇浓度的影响。方法:60例择期行尿道下裂修补术患儿,年龄5-6岁,ASAⅠ-Ⅱ级,随机分为依托咪酯组(A组),丙泊酚组(B组),各30例。入室后均静脉注射氯胺酮2 mg/kg,入睡后常规骶管阻滞,术中麻醉维持:A组泵注依托咪酯脂肪乳(22-25)μg/kg.min,B组泵注丙泊酚(8-10)mg/kg.h。分别在麻醉前(Ⅰ)、泵注依托咪酯脂肪乳/丙泊酚30min(Ⅱ)、术后即刻(Ⅲ)、术后12h(Ⅳ)、术后24h(Ⅴ)、术后48h(Ⅵ)抽静脉血,测量血清皮质醇水平。结果:Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ时点A组血清皮质醇浓度低于B组(P<0.05),两组血清皮质醇浓度于Ⅵ时点均恢复至麻醉前水平。结论:依托咪酯脂肪乳对小儿肾上腺皮质功能的抑制作用短暂,术后48h恢复至麻醉前水平,可以应用于小儿静脉麻醉维持。     

持续输注依托咪酯乳剂用于甲状腺次全切除术中麻醉维持的临床观察

目的:观察依托咪酯乳剂在甲状腺次全切除术中麻醉维持期间血流动力学变化情况。方法:选择择期全麻下行甲状腺次全切除术患者180例,随机分为依托咪酯组和丙泊酚组。依托咪酯组术中持续输注依托咪酯乳剂5~20μg/(kg·min)。丙泊酚组术中持续输注丙泊酚4~6mg/(kg·h)。分别记录给药前(T0)、给药后5min(T1)、切皮时(T2)、切除甲状腺时(T3)、气管拔管时(T4)、气管拔管后15min(T5)、离开手术室时(T6)的HR、SBP、DBP、MAP变化,术中BP、HR变化时处理情况,苏醒期Rmesay评分。结果:依托咪酯组围术期血流动力学平稳,丙泊酚组(T0)SBP、DBP、MAP变化显著,与丙泊酚组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05),围术期血流动力学变化大。丙泊酚组在术中及复苏时出现急性心衰、肺水肿2例,心跳骤停1例(抢救失败,患者死于手术台上)。结论:持续输注依托咪酯乳剂用于甲状腺次全切除术麻醉维持患者围术期血流动力学平稳。     

丙泊酚与依托咪酯靶控输注复合瑞芬太尼用于ERCP的安全性和有效性比较

目的比较丙泊酚与依托咪酯靶控输注复合瑞芬太尼在经内镜逆行胰胆管造影术(ERCP)中的安全性和有效性。方法选择2018年8—10月在哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院进行ERCP、美国麻醉医师协会分级Ⅰ～Ⅲ级的80例患者为研究对象,采用随机数字法分为丙泊酚组和依托咪酯组,每组40例。丙泊酚组使用丙泊酚靶控输注2. 0μg/mL诱导,依托咪酯组使用依托咪酯靶控输注0. 5μg/mL诱导。两组均以脑电双频指数(BIS)值为60调整剂量维持,两组均复合瑞芬太尼靶控输注2. 0 ng/mL,右美托咪定持续输注0. 5μg/(kg·h),维持BIS 60左右。比较两组患者程序相关时间数值,测量并记录基线值(T_0)、诱导前(T_1)、BIS 60(T_2)、进镜时刻(T_3)、进镜后3 min(T_4)、进镜后6 min(T_5)的平均动脉压、心率、脉搏血氧饱和度、BIS,以及术后不良反应发生情况。结果依托咪酯组睫毛反射恢复时间和离开恢复室时间均长于丙泊酚组[(7.2±3.8) min比(4. 5±2. 0) min,(11. 5±3. 8) min比(8. 9±2. 5) min](P <0. 01)。丙泊酚组T2～T5的平均动脉压呈下降趋势,依托咪酯组波动范围较少,依托咪酯组T2～T5平均动脉压均高于丙泊酚组(P <0. 01);依托咪酯组心率在T4高于丙泊酚组,丙泊酚组T2～T5的心率呈下降趋势(P <0. 01);丙泊酚组T2～T5的脉搏血氧饱和度呈下降趋势,依托咪酯组波动范围较少,依托咪酯组T4、T5脉搏血氧饱和度高于丙泊酚组,两组间、时点间、组间和时点间交互作用差异有统计学意义(P <0. 01)。依托咪酯组辅助通气、低血压发生率低于丙泊酚组[2. 5%(1/40)比22. 5%(9/40),0比15. 0%(6/40)](P <0. 05)。结论与丙泊酚相比,依托咪酯用于ERCP,血流动力学更稳定,术后不良反应更少,安全有效。     

靶控输注依托咪酯对老年患者术后认知功能的影响

目的 观察靶控输注依托咪酯用于老年患者全凭静脉麻醉对其术后认知功能的影响.方法 选择全麻下行择期手术的老年患者60 例,年龄65~80 岁;ASAⅠ或Ⅱ级.随机分为两组:依托咪酯组(E 组,n=30)和丙泊酚组(P组,n=30),E 组麻醉诱导采用靶控输注(TCI)依托咪酯和瑞芬太尼,P 组麻醉诱导采用TCI 丙泊酚和瑞芬太尼.E 组TCI 依托咪酯0.3~0.8滋g/ml和瑞芬太尼2.5~4.0滋g/ml 维持麻醉;P组TCI 丙泊酚2.0~4.0滋g/ml 和瑞芬太尼2.5~4.0ng/ml 维持麻醉.分别于麻醉诱导前5min、手术结束时、术后12、24、48h 抽取静脉血测定血浆促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)、皮质醇、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)和S-100β蛋白浓度.评估患者术后认知功能障碍(POCD)发生情况.结果 两组患者血流动力学稳定.与P 组相比,术后E组皮质醇浓度明显降低,ACTH浓度明显升高(P＜0.05);血浆NSE、S-100β蛋白浓度均显著增加(P＜0.05).术后1 周POCD 的发生率E 组较P 组也显著增加,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 TCI 依托咪酯全身麻醉对老年患者肾上腺皮质功能产生持久的抑制,进而对老年患者的术后认知功能产生损伤.依托咪酯用于全身麻醉维持可能是导致老年人POCD 的一个危险因素.     

依托咪酯全凭静脉麻醉对胃癌根治术患者围手术期血清皮质醇含量的影响

目的:评价依托咪酯全凭静脉麻醉(TIVA)对胃癌根治术患者围手术期血清皮质醇含量的影响.方法:选取胃癌根治术患者30例,随机分为依托咪酯组(E组)、丙泊酚组(P组)和异氟醚组(Ⅰ组),每组10例.3组患者年龄、性别、体重、手术时间等差异无统计学意义.3组均以咪唑安定、维库溴铵、芬太尼实施麻醉诱导;E组和P组分别持续输注依托咪酯12～15μg·kg-1·min-1和丙泊酚4～6 mg·kg-1·h-1,Ⅰ组连续吸入异氟醚,进行麻醉维持.采用放射免疫分析技术测定患者麻醉前、麻醉后60 min、术后5 min、术后24 h和术后48 h中心静脉血皮质醇含量.结果:与麻醉前比较,E组麻醉后60 min、术后5 min和术后24 h皮质醇含量降低,也低于同期P组和Ⅰ组水平,术后48 h恢复至术前水平.P组和Ⅰ组麻醉后皮质醇含量升高(P＜0.05),后逐渐降低直至恢复.结论:依托咪酯TIVA可以抑制围手术期麻醉和手术创伤导致的机体皮质醇合成和分泌增加,该作用可持续到停药后24 h.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.     

TCM Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Tonifying the Kidney and Strengthening the Governor Vessel

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic and progressive disorder with inflammation mainly involving the central axis joints. It mainly affects the cervical spine and the lumbosacral area, with the pathogenesis closely related to the kidney and the Governor Vessel (GV). TCM holds that the syndrome is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality, which is due to insufficiency of the kidney, deficiency of GV, and blocking of the channels with the invasion of exogenous evil, leading to poor circulation of qi and blood and malnutrition of the bones, muscles and joints. The TCM method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening GV to regulate circulation of qi and blood and check the arthralgia pain should be adopted, with the Kidney-Tonifying and GV Strengthening Decoction (益肾强督汤) prescribed.     

IMPROVING P-gp EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN VITRO TRANSFECTED BY MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-1 mRNA

CHEMOTHERAPY playsa greatrolein the treat- ment of malignanttumors,especiallyingynecolo- gicalones.But inanticancerchemotherapy,leuko-cytopeniaisfrequentlytheprimarydose-limitingsideeffect factor.Moreover,cancersarefrequentlychemoresistantbe-causeof overexpressionof P-glycoprotein(P-gp), which isencodedby multidrugresistancegene (MDR1 ) and detectableinup to50% ofhuman cancersand renderscellsresistancetoanticancerdrugs.The safetyand potentialtherapeuticbenefitof mdr1 gene transferredto h…