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1.
采用FLUENT软件对双层六直叶涡轮桨搅拌槽内的混合过程进行了数值模拟,选用RNG标准κ-ε模型及多重参考系法(MRF),通过改变网格策略,增加网格数量,并降低浓度收敛残差的方法,将速度场与浓度场方程分开求解,预测了不同的加料点、监测点位置及操作条件对混合时间的影响规律。模拟结果表明:搅拌功率的模拟值与实验值吻合良好,但由于模型基于各向同性的假设,且双层六直叶涡轮桨两桨之间子域的存在,混合时间的模拟结果与实验值有较大的误差。  相似文献   

2.
卧式聚合反应器被广泛用于气态单体的乳液聚合反应.为强化气液传质,卧式聚合反应器多采用新型宽叶板式搅拌桨.本文采用进出口流量变化检测法在卧式反应器内测定了气液容量传质系数Kla,考察了NFr数、液含量ε、搅拌桨层数和桨叶片数对Kla的影响.结果表明:新型宽叶板式搅拌桨比普通桨型具有更大的气液容量传质系数.Kla随NFr的增加而增大;随ε的增加先增大后减小,在ε=0.5时达到最大值,随搅拌桨层数和桨叶片数的增加而增大.在不同的NFr下,卧式反应器内流体呈现重力作用区、过渡区和惯性力作用区.在重力作用区,Kla与NFr符合Kla∝NFr0.9~1.1.  相似文献   

3.
研究了内径0.382~1.16m机械搅拌釜中翼型组合桨气液两相的持气特性,建立了气含率与结构参数(包括翼型桨径、桨间距、桨下距离、通气位置、挡板形式及翼型桨排出流方向)和操作参数(包括搅拌转速及通气量)间关联的神经网络模型。考察了所建立的网络模型中各参数对气含率的影响规律。结果表明,模型具有很好的泛化能力,其泛化相对误差在±10%以内。采用开槽挡板、低位通气、适宜的桨径、桨间距和翼型桨的排出流向上的方案,在较宽的桨下距离范围内可获得较高的气含率。由于模型使用了与规模无关的无因次参数建模,因此可用于离线预测、参数优化及放大设计。  相似文献   

4.
在卧式搅拌床反应器冷模实验装置中,使用不同的聚丙烯粉料,采用脉冲示踪法测定了不同搅拌桨结构下的停留时间分布,同时分别采用多级全混釜串联模型和双参数模型对实验结果进行了模拟计算。结果表明:叶片桨的卧式釜搅拌返混最大,最接近于全混流;T型桨的卧式釜搅拌返混最小,最接近于平推流。  相似文献   

5.
目的:研究κ-卡拉胶/黄原胶骨架片的体外药物释放,探讨其释药特性。方法:采用κ-卡拉胶和黄原胶复配作为骨架材料,以阿司匹林为模型药物,湿法制粒压片制备骨架片,测定骨架片在不同pH值、离子强度的释放介质和搅拌转速条件下的体外释放度和骨架片溶蚀程度,分别采用零级方程和Peppas方程对骨架片的溶蚀度和释放数据进行拟合。结果:骨架片在pH6.8磷酸盐缓冲液中药物释放最快,纯化水中次之,0.1 mol/L盐酸液中最慢;药物释放随介质离子强度增加而减慢;药物释放随搅拌转速增加而加快;骨架片的药物释放机制为扩散和溶蚀释放协同作用。结论:κ-卡拉胶与黄原胶复配作为骨架材料可延缓骨架片中药物的释放。  相似文献   

6.
对某无机盐工业结晶反应器中的流体流动过程进行了三维数值模拟,采用多重参考系法(MRF)及标准k-ε模型,分析了桨型、转速、桨的安装高度对结晶器流场的影响情况。计算结果表明:速度分布主要集中于内导流筒内部以及内、外导流筒之间的区域,相应地,结晶器被粗略地划分为对反应结晶过程具有不同作用的两个区域——内导流筒内速度较大的循环区和外导流筒外速度较小的沉降区。通过对循环区和沉降区的速度分布比较,认为推进式搅拌桨的流体流场速度云分布均一性要好于其他型式的搅拌桨,其最佳安装高度为3.5~5.7 m。在合适的搅拌速率下,结晶器沉降区的流体流动速率具有均匀向上的特点,可以有效带出部分小粒子,有利于获得大粒度产品。通过流动过程的数值模拟获得详细的流场分布及操作参数,为结晶器结构和操作参数优化提供了理论指导。实践表明:优化后的产品粒度显著提高,产品中大于0.2 mm的粒子从优化前的不足50%提高到优化后的90%以上,干燥产品的天然气消耗从优化前的22 m3/t降低到优化后的15 m3/t,节能降耗效果显著.  相似文献   

7.
在FLUENT 6.1软件平台和网络并行计算硬件平台上,采用大涡模拟(LES)的方法对涡轮桨搅拌槽内的混合过程进行了数值模拟。利用滤波函数对N av ier-Stokes方程进行空间滤波,对大尺寸的涡直接进行求解,而被滤掉的比网格小的旋涡通过Sam agorinsky-L illy亚格子模型求解,对搅拌桨区域采用滑移网格技术。结果表明:大涡模拟对尾涡的预报优于雷诺平均(RAN S)方法,混合时间以及示踪剂响应曲线模拟结果和实验结果吻合较好,且优于RAN S方法。大涡模拟方法为准确预测搅拌槽内湍流流动的非稳态及周期性脉动特性提供了一种有效的工具。  相似文献   

8.
数值模拟是有效研究大型工业设备内部流场的手段。本文采用多重参考系和湍流标准kε模型对结晶器内部流场进行描述。利用激光粒子测速仪(PIV)测量的实验室小型搅拌槽的实验数据对计算模型进行了验证,结果表明计算模型可以有效预测搅拌设备内部的流场分布,并在此基础上研究了搅拌桨安装位置及运行参数对流场的分布影响,优化了结晶器的结构与运行参数为:搅拌桨安装高度1 000 mm,导流筒柱段长度2 000 mm,搅拌经济转速70~80 r/min。  相似文献   

9.
在直径为0.476 m的搅拌槽内,采用电导法测定搅拌槽内单层桨和多层桨体系的混合时间。对于单层桨体系,在相同的搅拌输入功率下,不同类型的径向流桨和轴向流桨具有相同的混合时间。对于窄叶翼型CBY搅拌桨,在相同的搅拌输入功率下,单层、双层以及三层CBY搅拌桨的混合时间基本相同;而对于六直叶涡轮桨DT-6,在相同的搅拌输入功率下其混合时间随桨叶层数的增加而加长;多层CBY桨的混合时间远低于多层DT-6搅拌桨的混合时间。  相似文献   

10.
根据单层桨自吸式反应器吸入的气体主要集中在反应器上部的缺陷,采用了4种桨型作为下层搅拌桨,并研究了下层桨桨径、桨间距和导流筒的影响。测定了釜内总气含率与釜下半部的气含率,发现下层桨不仅决定气含率在釜下部的分布情况,而且对自吸式桨的气体吸入量也有很大影响,与理论推导的结果完全吻合。找到了合适的搅拌浆组合形式,该组合符合流体力学理论,在工业装置上的应用取得成功。  相似文献   

11.
Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P< 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P< 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.  相似文献   

12.
Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P < 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (>0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P <0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P < 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.  相似文献   

13.
Objective: To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods: SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer's was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava (IVC) inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results: Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion: This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.  相似文献   

14.
Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.  相似文献   

15.
Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.  相似文献   

16.
A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care(~'4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.  相似文献   

17.
Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.  相似文献   

18.
Journal of Nanjing Medical University (English Edition) JNMU, sponsored by Nanjing Medical University, was established in 1987. It is a bimonthly comprehensive English medical journal published locally and abroad.Since 2007, Journal of Nanjing Medical University (English Edition )was granted Elsevier the full publishing and distribution rights worldwide for the Electronic Edition, excluding the People's Republic of China.  相似文献   

19.
目的:评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术(PPCI)术后生活质量的影响.方法:将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组(术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次)和对照组(仅接受基础药物治疗).所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表(MIDAS)、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果:入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异(P>0.05);出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低(P<0.05);组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低(P<0.05).两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血(P>0.05).两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异(P>0.05).结论:PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.  相似文献   

20.
Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P<0.01);the MAP decreased(P<0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P<0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.  相似文献   

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