基于专利与文献对比的电子健康档案技术前沿探测

通过检索中国知网核心期刊数据库和中国知网中国专利全文数据库,运用共词聚类分析方法,对档案文献与专利进行对比分析发现,社区卫生服务与社区健康管理、远程医疗实现技术、HL7、XML是较有前景的电子健康档案技术。     

我国电子健康档案研究现状

通过对中文电子健康档案文献的梳理,发现我国当前研究热点集中于对电子健康档案的介绍、电子健康档案建设的工具、技术和方法以及电子健康档案的应用。未来的研究方向应该围绕电子健康档案面临的问题,将重心落到标准化、安全性、法律法规、人员培养等方面的细节研究上。     

我国电子健康档案研究现状分析

电子健康档案研究是目前国内外关注的热点.介绍我国建立电子健康档案的国际背景,从文献发表情况和国内相关事件回顾两方面阐述我国电子健康档案研究现状,对其发展前景进行展望,指出电子健康档案的建立可从疾病预防评估和慢性病管理方面增进全民健康水平.     

国外电子健康档案发展现况及借鉴

电子健康档案是国内外卫生信息化研究的热点。本文探讨了电子健康档案的涵义与作用,分析国外电子健康档案的发展现状,以期为我国电子健康档案的建设提供借鉴。     

基于本体论的电子健康档案知识库构建初探

电子健康档案具有明显的文献特征,有较强的研究价值和挖掘价值。在概述电子健康档案文献特点和生物医药语义知识库研究现状的基础上,论述了电子健康档案知识库构建的步骤、技术难点及解决思路。讨论了电子健康档案如何引入本体和本体技术以及进行语义抽取,在此基础上提出基于本体的数据挖掘技术应用于健康档案的构想,实现健康档案中医学知识的多维度关联与智能检索功能。     

近10年PubMed 收录电子健康档案文献计量分析

以PubMed为数据源,运用文献计量学方法对2002-2011年间我国电子健康档案研究的相关文献从国家分布、文章类型、主题词频数及变化、主题词共现等方面进行分析,了解电子健康档案（EHR）的现状和趋势,以期为后续研究提供借鉴。     

基于双聚类方法的国际电子健康素养领域研究热点分析

通过双聚类分析方法探讨国际电子健康素养领域研究热点,具体包括电子健康素养与医疗卫生服务研究、干预研究、实证调查研究、量表开发与验证研究、基于互联网的健康相关行为研究,以期为我国电子健康素养研究提供参考。     

我国电子健康档案建设面临的问题及对策

电子健康档案是国内外卫生信息化研究的热点.探讨电子健康档案的涵义和国内外发展现状,指出我国电子健康档案在标准化、安全性、法律法规、人员培养等方面存在的问题,并针对现存问题提出相关对策.     

基于知识图谱的国内外电子病历研究热点与前沿分析

目的:系统梳理国内外电子病历研究热点和前沿趋势,为完善中国电子病历研究提供参考。方法:利用Cite Space 5.8.R1绘制知识图谱,使用文献计量方法对来自于Web of Science核心集数据库和CNKI数据库的国内外电子病历研究文献进行聚类分析。结果:纳入研究的716篇国内电子病历研究文献关键词聚类模块值为0.6945,聚类平均轮廓值为0.9595,形成了16个高信度研究热点聚类;纳入研究的17131篇国外电子病历研究文献关键词聚类模块值为0.3073,聚类平均轮廓值为0.6700,形成10个高信度研究热点聚类。结论:1960年以来国内外电子病历研究关注度不断增强,且研究热点存在一定相似性,相较国内电子病历研究而言,国外电子病历研究热点更有深度。此外,电子病历规范化研究与电子病历隐私研究也得到国内外学界关注。     

基于文献计量学的近五年肝脏肿瘤分子影像学研究热点分析

目的从文献剂量学的视角对近五年肝脏肿瘤分子影像学领域的研究状况进行分析。方法下载PubMed数据库中近五年发表的肝脏肿瘤分子影像学研究文献题录,使用Bicomb 2.0软件统计分析文献的发表年代、来源期刊及期刊所属国家、第一作者以及高频主要主题词分布情况。对文献第一作者所属研究机构进行人工逐条统计分析。将出现频次≥2次的主要主题词作为高频主要主题词,建立词篇矩阵,使用SPSS 22.0软件进行聚类分析,得到该领域的研究热点。结果筛选出相关文献30篇,获得该领域研究热度趋势、来源期刊分布、各国研究热度等数据资料。高频主要主题词共计20个,通过对高频主要主题词进行聚类分析,得到4个主要研究热点方向。结论近五年肝脏肿瘤分子影像学研究热点主要集中在方法学、诊断、代谢与磁共振成像、病理学与治疗四个方向。     

电子健康档案建设的利益相关者分析

首次采用利益相关者分析方法,研究和探讨我国电子健康档案建设过程中主要利益相关者对政策的认知、立场、利益、资源、权力和领导能力,总结和归纳主要利益相关者对电子健康档案发展的影响,并以解决实际问题、促进各方利益平衡为出发点提出政策建议。     

基于XML—CDA规范快速构建弹性结构健康档案

目的：根据新医改政策及卫生部关于电子健康档案的建设方案和相关标准,提出支持标准和可扩展标记语言（Extensible MarkupLanguage,XML）标准、符合临床文档结构（Clinical Document Architecture,CDA）规范原则、能快捷建档的技术方案。方法：1遵照现行中国标准GB、GB／T、卫生部和国家中医药管理局近期发布政策标准规范,采用XML和CDA规范,针对健康档案涉及栏目及其填写内容,建立具有白解释能力和符合XML标准的CDA元数据,并集储于CDA资源库;2．通过弹性结构式电子健康档案（Flexible Structured Electronic Health Records,FS—EHRs）系统,从CDA资源库导入相关结构的CDA,系统的文体为多个CDA构成的XML文档：3．采用DES算法和X．509协议处理CDA数据加密和抗抵赖的信息安全。结果：执行标准和规范的同时能快速组合构建包括电子病历在内的健康档案信息采集模板：FS—HERs为“即见所得”式自由文本录入界面,可供现场实时导入或直接编辑CDA文档,能快捷地在CDA规范下弹性扩展个性化结构,统一了模板规范化与个性化和实时性的矛盾;FS—HER生成的由CDA集仍属于XML,并自含加密或签名属性。结论：本技术方案有助于区域卫生跨平台互联互通的信息交换和安全保障。     

High-throughput phenotyping with temporal sequences

ObjectiveHigh-throughput electronic phenotyping algorithms can accelerate translational research using data from electronic health record (EHR) systems. The temporal information buried in EHRs is often underutilized in developing computational phenotypic definitions. This study aims to develop a high-throughput phenotyping method, leveraging temporal sequential patterns from EHRs.Materials and MethodsWe develop a representation mining algorithm to extract 5 classes of representations from EHR diagnosis and medication records: the aggregated vector of the records (aggregated vector representation), the standard sequential patterns (sequential pattern mining), the transitive sequential patterns (transitive sequential pattern mining), and 2 hybrid classes. Using EHR data on 10 phenotypes from the Mass General Brigham Biobank, we train and validate phenotyping algorithms.ResultsPhenotyping with temporal sequences resulted in a superior classification performance across all 10 phenotypes compared with the standard representations in electronic phenotyping. The high-throughput algorithm’s classification performance was superior or similar to the performance of previously published electronic phenotyping algorithms. We characterize and evaluate the top transitive sequences of diagnosis records paired with the records of risk factors, symptoms, complications, medications, or vaccinations.DiscussionThe proposed high-throughput phenotyping approach enables seamless discovery of sequential record combinations that may be difficult to assume from raw EHR data. Transitive sequences offer more accurate characterization of the phenotype, compared with its individual components, and reflect the actual lived experiences of the patients with that particular disease.ConclusionSequential data representations provide a precise mechanism for incorporating raw EHR records into downstream machine learning. Our approach starts with user interpretability and works backward to the technology.     

利用电子健康档案防治生活习惯病

分析电子健康档案（EHR）在生活习惯病防治中的作用，提出电子健康档案防治生活习惯病的几种方法，包括确定个人生活习惯病的风险，实现双向交流的个性化健康行为干预和促进患者教育，并探讨我国电子健康档案研究面临的挑战，即研究内容有待拓宽、研究深度有待加强、公众健康信息素养有待提高。     

电子健康档案的信息质量控制

电子健康档案是记录居民健康信息的系统化文件,是社区卫生服务中收集、记录社区居民健康信息的重要工具。本文论述电子健康档案的内容和范围,探讨电子健康档案质量控制的内涵和质量标准,提出电子健康档案信息质量控制的方法和对策。     

Visualizing collaborative electronic health record usage for hospitalized patients with heart failure

Objective To visualize and describe collaborative electronic health record (EHR) usage for hospitalized patients with heart failure.Materials and methods We identified records of patients with heart failure and all associated healthcare provider record usage through queries of the Northwestern Medicine Enterprise Data Warehouse. We constructed a network by equating access and updates of a patient’s EHR to a provider-patient interaction. We then considered shared patient record access as the basis for a second network that we termed the provider collaboration network. We calculated network statistics, the modularity of provider interactions, and provider cliques.Results We identified 548 patient records accessed by 5113 healthcare providers in 2012. The provider collaboration network had 1504 nodes and 83 998 edges. We identified 7 major provider collaboration modules. Average clique size was 87.9 providers. We used a graph database to demonstrate an ad hoc query of our provider-patient network.Discussion Our analysis suggests a large number of healthcare providers across a wide variety of professions access records of patients with heart failure during their hospital stay. This shared record access tends to take place not only in a pairwise manner but also among large groups of providers.Conclusion EHRs encode valuable interactions, implicitly or explicitly, between patients and providers. Network analysis provided strong evidence of multidisciplinary record access of patients with heart failure across teams of 100+ providers. Further investigation may lead to clearer understanding of how record access information can be used to strategically guide care coordination for patients hospitalized for heart failure.     

Openness of patients' reporting with use of electronic records: psychiatric clinicians' views

Objectives

Improvements in electronic health record (EHR) system development will require an understanding of psychiatric clinicians'' views on EHR system acceptability, including effects on psychotherapy communications, data-recording behaviors, data accessibility versus security and privacy, data quality and clarity, communications with medical colleagues, and stigma.

Design

Multidisciplinary development of a survey instrument targeting psychiatric clinicians who recently switched to EHR system use, focus group testing, data analysis, and data reliability testing.

Measurements

Survey of 120 university-based, outpatient mental health clinicians, with 56 (47%) responding, conducted 18 months after transition from a paper to an EHR system.

Results

Factor analysis gave nine item groupings that overlapped strongly with five a priori domains. Respondents both praised and criticized the EHR system. A strong majority (81%) felt that open therapeutic communications were preserved. Regarding data quality, content, and privacy, clinicians (63%) were less willing to record highly confidential information and disagreed (83%) with including their own psychiatric records among routinely accessed EHR systems.

Limitations

single time point; single academic medical center clinic setting; modest sample size; lack of prior instrument validation; survey conducted in 2005.

Conclusions

In an academic medical center clinic, the presence of electronic records was not seen as a dramatic impediment to therapeutic communications. Concerns regarding privacy and data security were significant, and may contribute to reluctances to adopt electronic records in other settings. Further study of clinicians'' views and use patterns may be helpful in guiding development and deployment of electronic records systems.     

电子病历中复合元素实现方法研究

目的：探讨结构化电子病历复合元素概念,研究复合元素实现方法及意义。方法：通过提纲录入式和引导输入式两种方式,分别在结构化电子病历模板和医学专用输入引擎系统中实现复合元素录入。结果：复合元素为结构化电子病历逻辑质控提供了新思路,医学专用输入引擎系统为实现复合元素开辟了新途径。结论：复合元素对于完善结构化电子病历标准规范、实现数据交换与共享、开展数据挖掘与分析、加强病历质量控制等具有重要意义。     

Feeling and thinking: can theories of human motivation explain how EHR design impacts clinician burnout?

The psychology of motivation can help us understand the impact of electronic health records (EHRs) on clinician burnout both directly and indirectly. Informatics approaches to EHR usability tend to focus on the extrinsic motivation associated with successful completion of clearly defined tasks in clinical workflows. Intrinsic motivation, which includes the need for autonomy, sense-making, creativity, connectedness, and mastery is not well supported by current designs and workflows. This piece examines existing research on the importance of 3 psychological drives in relation to healthcare technology: goal-based decision-making, sense-making, and agency/autonomy. Because these motives are ubiquitous, foundational to human functioning, automatic, and unconscious, they may be overlooked in technological interventions. The results are increased cognitive load, emotional distress, and unfulfilling workplace environments. Ultimately, we hope to stimulate new research on EHR design focused on expanding functionality to support intrinsic motivation, which, in turn, would decrease burnout and improve care.     

以卫生信息化为支撑的社区健康管理及效果评价

目的：探索以区域卫生信息平台为支撑,以居民电子健康档案为基础的新型社区健康管理。方法：以电子健康档案和区域卫生信息平台为基础,以居民周期性体检为依据,分别开展涵盖社区一般人群、高危人群、重点人群的全人群健康管理,并实行动态随访。结果：通过以区域卫生信息平台为支撑,以电子健康档案为基础,以周期性体检为依据的针对全人群健康管理成效显著。结论：社区是实现全人群健康管理的最重要平台,卫生信息化则是其必要的技术支撑。