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1.
目的 :了解云南省按蚊种类及嗜血习性 ,判断传疟媒介 ,为制定疟疾防治措施提供科学依据。方法 :用环状沉淀试验法 (沉淀法 )及对流免疫电泳法 (电泳法 ) ,以自制兔抗人、牛、猪 3种血清 ,对人、牛房采集的按蚊胃血滤纸标本进行鉴定。结果 :人房采集的 14种按蚊中 ,嗜人按蚊及昆明按蚊的人血指数最高 ,分别为 93 .18%及 88.96% ;中华按蚊及微小按蚊次之 ,分别为 3 7.92 %及 11.3 7% ,吉甫按蚊及八代按蚊人血指数虽较高 ,但种群数量太少 ,不足为判断依据。牛房采集的 18种按蚊均以吸牛血为主。结论 :根据人房采集的 4种按蚊与人类关系的密切程度及云南媒介按蚊睡腺解剖的报道 ,证实它们为云南省主要传疟媒介。  相似文献   

2.
目的 了解云南南部8种常见按蚊的嗜血习性。方法 采集栖息于人房、牛房按蚊胃血标本,用环状沉淀法试验检测。结果 人房捕获的各种按蚊胃血标本人血阳性率在7.69%—52.48%之间,牛房按蚊胃血标本仅中华按蚊的人血阳性率为0.51%。结论 栖息于人房的8种按蚊均吸人血,但因蚊种的不同,吸人血率则有差异;栖息于牛房的按蚊几乎都吸牛血。  相似文献   

3.
<正> 检测蚊虫胃血,是了解蚊虫嗜血习性和分析病媒蚊种的一项很重要内容。在蚊胃血测定上,过去是用环状沉淀法,虽然也比较敏感,但是抗原和抗体用量较多,特别是一份未知的蚊胃血样品,想知道是吸食的某种动物血,势必要用多种已知动物抗体血清进行检测,因此,有限的蚊胃血量是很难相适应的。随着免疫学方法的进展,在具备特异性强,敏感度高的前提下,解决微量蚊胃血的检测是我们应该考虑的问题。有鉴于此,本文在蚊胃血检测上,改用对流免疫电泳法,效果比较满意。兹将实验结果报告如下。  相似文献   

4.
以免疫荧光抗体直接法检测蚊胃血,结果201份蚊胃人血及10份人血均为阳性,阳性检出率为100%。33份蚊胃鼠血及牛、猪、鸡、鸭血各10份为阴性。表明该法检测蚊胃人血特异性高,结果准确、操作简单。  相似文献   

5.
<正> 为了解连云港蚊虫携带乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)的情况,我们于1982年8~9月,在肝炎病房及居民住房各二处捕捉蚊虫进行 HBsAg 检测。将蚊用乙醚麻醉后,按不同捕捉地点、蚊种及有无胃血等情况分组。每组10只蚊,放入释液稀中压碎,置冰箱中冻融三次后待检,以常规反向间接血凝法及固相放射免疫测定(双抗体夹心法)两法同时检测。结果:共检测标本81组,阳性14组,阳性率17.3%。81组蚊的阳性率,从捕捉地点看,  相似文献   

6.
目的:探讨手工微柱凝胶免疫检验法在ABO、RhD血型抗原鉴定中的应用.方法:分别取50份不同科室、病种、性别的患者新鲜抗凝、非抗凝血标本为Ⅰ、Ⅱ组;取50份库存15天以上有效期内的库存血标本为Ⅲ组;取50份保存3~7天的非新鲜血标本(可能被污染)为Ⅳ组,同时用手工微柱凝胶法和试管法进行ABO、RhD血型抗原鉴定,比较反应结果及反应强度.结果:Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组标本在ABO、RhD抗原鉴定中,手工微柱凝胶法与试管法所得结果完全相符(P>0.05),反应强度微柱凝胶法高于试管法;Ⅳ组标本在ABO、RhD血型抗原鉴定时微柱凝胶法检出2例假阳性标本,其余48份标本两法鉴定结果完全相符(P>0.05).结论:手工微柱凝胶法可代替试管法常规用于ABO、RhD血型抗原鉴定.  相似文献   

7.
目的:制备和鉴定肺弹性蛋白降解肽段人工抗原,为进一步研制慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)免疫检测试剂盒打下良好基础。方法以 Sulfo-SMCC 为偶联剂,钥孔血蓝蛋白(KLH)为载体蛋白制备免疫原;经紫外扫描和十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法(SDS-PAGE)电泳鉴定偶联情况;以免疫原免疫 Balb/c 小鼠制备特异性抗体,间接竞争酶联免疫吸附实验(ELISA)法评价抗血清效价及特异性。结果紫外扫描和 SDS-PAGE 电泳确认了肺弹性蛋白降解肽段人工抗原合成成功,其蛋白浓度为1.181 mg/mL,抗血清效价高于1∶64000,IC50为13.7 ng/mL,抗血清与无关肽段无交叉反应。结论本实验成功制备了肺弹性蛋白降解肽段人工抗原,其具有较好的免疫原性,为建立快速准确检测 COPD 免疫检测方法奠定基础。  相似文献   

8.
目的制备和鉴定表面活性物质蛋白B(surfactant protein B,SP-B)加工处理过程中部分中间产物的特异性抗体。方法利用Lasergene 7.0和Macvector 11.0.4软件进行抗原表位分析,确定作为抗原的3条多肽序列,将人工合成的多肽与钥孔戚血蓝蛋白(keyhole limpet hemocyanin,KLH)偶联,免疫兔制备抗血清,间接酶联免疫吸附试验(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)检测免疫前血清背景和免疫后血清效价,抗原亲和纯化抗血清,超滤浓缩抗体,十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis,SDS-PAGE)检测抗体纯度,间接ELISA法检测抗体效价,蛋白质印迹(Western blot)鉴定抗体特异性。结果免疫前兔血清背景均低,免疫后抗血清效价均达到要求,抗原亲和纯化后所得抗体纯度及效价高,特异性好。结论成功制备了3种SP-B中间产物特异性多克隆抗体,为深入研究SP-B的加工处理奠定了基础。  相似文献   

9.
目的制备高纯度貉血清IgG和兔抗貉IgG抗血清,作为建立多种动物抗体检测技术的储备。方法采用Hitrap Protein A亲和层析及盐析再沉淀法纯化貉血清IgG,通过PAGE电泳和Western-Blot免疫印迹法对IgG作纯度及免疫活性检测;常规免疫法制备兔抗貉IgG血清。结果貉血清IgG与Protein G虽有较强的结合力,但同时也结合血清中其他杂蛋白;用二步纯化法可从5 mL貉血清中纯化IgG约7 mg,电泳和免疫印迹测定显示,IgG纯度大于95%,常规免疫法制备抗血清免疫双扩散效价达1∶32。结论建立了可行的貉血清IgG的纯化方法和高效价的兔抗貉血清IgG抗血清,为貉血清IgG二级抗体酶联物的制备储备了资源。  相似文献   

10.
应用胃癌及正常组织碱性提取液作为原始抗原。在柱上电泳中把胃癌抗原分为Ⅰ和Ⅱ两个部分。用琼脂电泳或 DEAE 织维素方法从抗血清分离出γ球蛋白作为抗体。在琼脂弥散试验中进行抗原分析。发现(1)用原始抗原作比较时,胃癌抗原和抗胃癌血清球蛋白产生的沉淀线与正常胃、肝、肾抗原和其相应的抗血清球蛋白产生的沉淀线是互相交叉的。在与脾抗原和抗脾血清比较时,抗脾血清与胃癌抗原之间有附加的沉淀枝,但抗胃癌血清与脾抗原并不起反应。(2)用部分Ⅰ和Ⅱ作比较时,部分Ⅰ或Ⅱ仅  相似文献   

11.
The plaque neutralization, complement fixation, and agar gel precipitin tests were compared by measuring bluetongue virus antibody in 137 serums from experimental animals (cattle and sheep) and suspected field reactors (cattle and deer). In general, the tests agreed well with each other. Plaque neutralization titers began earlier than the other two and went much higher than the complement fixation titers. Plaque neutralization titers usually peaked between two and three weeks after exposure and complement fixation titers from four to six weeks. The greater sensitivity of the plaque neutralization test allowed the detection of all complement fixation and agar gel precipitin reactors whereas occasionally the latter two tests failed to detect plaque neutralization reactors.  相似文献   

12.
Host preference of wild caught phlebotomine sandflies was studied in Marigat, Baringo District, Kenya, an endemic focus for both Leishmania donovani Laveran & Mensel and L. major Yakimov & Schokhov using precipitin test of blood meals. Sandflies of the Phlebotomus Rondani & Berte and Sergentomyia Franc & Parrot genera were encountered blood fed and resting in nine different habitats which were investigated. Analysis of their blood meals revealed a distinct host preference between the Phlebotomus and Sergentomyia genera. A distinction of host preference within species of each of the two genera was also observed. Furthermore, certain resting habitats from which the bloodfed sandflies were collected appeared to be favoured by specific sandfly species. It was observed that most of the wild hosts such as lizards and rodents except the hippopotamus, shared the same resting habitats with the sandflies. It was also observed that the man-biting sandflies preferred to rest outdoors after feeding. Domestic animals and man were the favoured hosts of vectors of both visceral and cutaneous leishmaniases, thus introducing an element of zooprophylaxis.  相似文献   

13.
The effect of vaccinating cattle and mice on the development of keratoconjunctivitis was studied. Cattle were vaccinated with whole cells, disrupted cells and pili fractions of three strains of Moraxella bovis. Mice were vaccinated with pili fractions of three strains. The resistance of all vaccinated animals was challenged with virulent cultures of M. bovis. In an attempt to correlate the response seen after vaccination and challenge with a pili fraction of M. bovis, vaccinated cattle and mice were grouped on the basis of signs of disease manifested and compared on the basis of serological responses. Serum samples were tested for antibodies by a gel diffusion precipitin test. A greater number of the sera of resistant cattle had antibodies to the homologous pili antigen than those of vaccinated nonresistant cattle. Cattle vaccinated with disrupted cells were not resistant to infectious bovine kerato-conjuctivitis and their sera lacked antibodies against the pili antigens. Vaccinated mice were more resistant to infectious bovine kerato-conjuctivitis and their sera lacked antibodies against the pili antigens. Vaccinated mice were more resistant to challenge exposure by homologous than heterologous cultures. A greater number of the sera of resistant mice had antibodies to pili antigens than nonresistant mice.  相似文献   

14.
肺吸虫抗原与日本血吸虫病兔血清的交叉反应   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
肺吸虫成虫粗抗原与日本血吸虫病兔血清可出现交叉反应,煮沸后的成虫粗抗原与血吸虫病兔血清也存在交叉反应。成虫粗抗原经Sephadex G-200过柱后得到两个蛋白峰,环状沉淀试验、对流免疫电泳和间接血凝试验证实,第1个蛋白峰与血吸虫病兔血清存在交叉反应,第2个蛋白峰无交叉反应。成虫粗抗原、煮沸的成虫粗抗原和过柱后得到的两个蛋白峰,分别经圆盘电泳后作过碘酸雪夫(PAS)染色,证实第2个蛋白峰不含糖蛋白。由此推断,肺吸虫成虫粗抗原与抗血吸虫血清发生交叉反应的成分是一类热稳定的糖蛋白。  相似文献   

15.
The profit to be gained by testing Danish blood donors for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) with a third generation technique instead of the currently used immunoelectrophoresis was investigated by additional screening of 48 750 blood units by radioimmunoassay three weeks after donation. Twenty nine units were positive for HBsAg on radioimmunoassay (0.059%). Only six of these were found by immunoelectrophoresis (0.012%). Most of the 23 donors positive on radioimmunoassay and negative on immunoelectrophoresis were healthy carriers of HBsAg (20) or had asymptomatic chronic liver disease (two). One donor had acute hepatitis B. Fifteen of the 23 blood units were transfused. The 15 recipients were monitored biochemically and serologically for up to nine months. One recipient developed fulminant hepatitis B, three developed acute hepatitis B, and one became a healthy carrier of HBsAg. All these patients had received blood from healthy carriers of HBsAg. Two recipients were immunised against HBsAg, and in one patient no seroconversion was observed. The remaining recipients died soon after transfusion or were protected by antibodies to HBsAg that had been present before the transfusion. Testing of Danish blood donors using a third generation technique identified a substantial number of donors positive for HBsAg overlooked by immunoelectrophoresis. Most of these donors were healthy carriers of HBsAg. Blood taken from such carriers is highly infectious when transfused, probably because of the large amount of material transmitted.  相似文献   

16.
Immunofluorescence as an Aid in the Early Diagnosis of Trichinosis   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
The established serological tests for trichinosis are often negative during the period when laboratory investigation is most likely to be useful.

Another serological test, the immunofluorescence test, appears to be more promising in this respect. The results were based on studies involving experimental animals and human patients. In two rabbits orally infected with Trichinella spiralis larvae, antibodies were demonstrable by immunofluorescence on the fourth day after infection, by complement fixation on the eighth and tenth days, and by the precipitin test on the thirteenth and twenty-eighth days, respectively. In three human cases the immunofluorescence antibody test was positive two weeks (the earliest blood samples available) after onset, while precipitin and complement fixation tests did not become positive until the end of the fourth week. The immunofluorescence test thus becomes positive at least two weeks earlier than the other two, a factor which undoubtedly increases its value in diagnosis.

  相似文献   

17.
Ovarian tumor associated antigen was isolated from human serous cystadenocarcinomas of ovary and purified by using affinity chromatography columns coupled to anti-normal female serum and anti-normal ovarian tissue gamma globulin. Antiserum was prepared from New Zealand white rabbits. The antiserum was absorbed with normal female serum and extracts of normal ovarian tissue thoroughly. The absorbed antiserum was appraised by immunodiffusion, immunoelectrophoresis and counter-immunoelectrophoresis with intensifiers. The absorbed antiserum has a specific immune precipitin with extracts of ovarian tumor tissue. Counter-immunoelectrophoresis with intensifiers was used to detect the ovarian tumor associated antigen in the tissue and serum of various patients. Twenty-eight of 40 ovarian tumor extracts and 1 of 5 cervical carcinoma extracts showed the presence of the cancer antigen. 14/40 were positive in the sera of ovarian tumor patients and 6/10 positive in the sera of ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma patients; 1/5 positive in the sera of cervical carcinoma patients and 2/10 positive in the sera of ovarian cysts patients. No positive result for the sera of normal females was noted. The specificity, sensitivity and accuracy of the method were 94.7%, 42.3% and 83.3%, respectively.  相似文献   

18.
Diagnosis of brucellosis is vital for early institution of proper therapy as untreated cases may progress to chronic stage. Though the demonstration of the causative agent in blood is considered as the most conclusive test in the diagnosis of brucellosis, isolation of brucella organism by blood culture is relatively low. Hence a number of sensitive and rapid serological tests have been introduced for the diagnosis of brucellosis. In the present study, an attempt was made to compare the efficacies of existing serological tests such as agglutination reaction with newer rapid tests which help in the detection of either specific antigen or antibody. The study included specimens from 80 patients clinically suspected to be suffering from brucellosis and 20 apparently healthy controls. All serum samples were subjected for evidence of brucellosis by five serological tests viz, standard tube agglutination test, 2-mercaptoethanol test, modified antiglobulin test, counter immuno-electrophoresis and passive haemagglutination test for antibody detection and two serological tests viz, counter immunoelectrophoresis and latex agglutination test for antigen detection. Eighty blood samples were processed for microbiological evidence of brucellosis and yielded only 8 isolates of Brucella melitensis of biotype 1. By standard tube agglutination test, 25 sera showed titre of brucella agglutinins equal to more than the diagnostic titre (i.e., more than or equal to 160 IU). Counter immuno-electrophoresis test and latex agglutination showed presence of antigen in 3 and 4 blood culture negative cases respectively.  相似文献   

19.
A countercurrent immunoelectrophoresis test was developed for the detection of precipitating antibodies to pseudorabies virus in pig serum. The precipitation reaction occurred only between the pseudorables antigen and the homologous porcine antiserum. The sensitivity of the method was compared to that of the serum neutralization test. On the basis of its sensitivity, its specificity and the rapidity with which the results were obtained, the countercurrent immunoelectrophoresis may become a potentially valuable screening method to test large numbers of porcine serum.  相似文献   

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