基于能量均衡的WSN多跳非均匀分簇路由算法

在无线传感器网络路由协议中采用多跳通信的方式能够减少通讯距离、增强网络通讯的稳定性并提高网络能量利用效率,但是,由于靠近汇聚节点的簇头需要转发大量数据,容易导致能量快速衰竭而失效,造成“能量空洞”现象。提出了一种新型的基于能量均衡的多跳非均匀分簇路由算法（MUCRA）,采用逐层成簇的策略,簇头以一定的半径广播分层信号,划分下一层网络区域非均匀层次,普通的传感器节点和簇头根据分层信息选择合适的网络路径。仿真实验结果表明：与经典的LEACH协议及EEUC协议相比,该算法能有效平衡网络负载,缓解“能量空洞”问题     

基于分簇的动态协同算法在无线传感器网络中的应用

为降低无线传感器网络中的能量开销,减少存储和网络资源,采用了一种新的信息融合机制。根据目标的当前地理位置,将无线传感器网络中的节点动态分簇,建立分布式的跟踪机制。利用一种基于信息矩阵加权的卡尔曼算法在该机制下进行目标跟踪,与无分簇机制下的信息矩阵融合算法进行性能比较,仿真实验结果表明该方法具有较高的有效性和可靠性。同时,在网络存在丢包情况下,基于Grubbs准则进行改进,能有效地提高精度。     

基于BA无标度网络的WSNs拓扑优化模型

由于无线传感器能量受限,最大化网络生命周期成为优化网络拓扑首要考虑的问题。基于BA无标度理论,提出了一种WSNs拓扑优化模型（WTOM）。在网络中引入超级节点,结合粒子群算法合理地划分整个网络;在节点间建立多因素为导向的虚拟力场,利用虚拟力调整超级节点的部署位置,实现网络能量的均衡消耗,通过对关键节点的保护,提高网络的抗毁鲁棒性。经理论分析和实验证明,该网络不仅继承了BA无标度网络的特征还具有小世界特性;同时该动态拓扑延长了网络的生命周期,提高了网络面向数据收集的节能性。     

一种基于双功能节点的节能多跳路由协议

针对无线传感网融合节点位置欠佳和传感器节点的能量消耗不均会严重影响网络生存周期的问题,提出了一种基于双功能节点的节能多跳路由协议。该协议综合考虑节点的能量、位置以及所在层次区域等多种因素,通过引入通信节点来重组网格和中继网格间路由,减轻了网格融合节点的开销,均衡了网络的能量分布。仿真结果表明,该路由协议的网络生命周期比Multi hop EEBCDA等协议至少延长17.5%,且节点的能量消耗更加均衡。     

基于无线HART的工业无线Mesh协议的设计与实现

无线传感器网络技术的发展和完善为工业应用提供了实施的可行性,但是工业现场环境复杂,无线技术在其中的应用一直备受挑战。通过剖析现今热门的、适用于工业环境的无线HART协议,依据无线HART的机理与应用需求,设计了工业无线Mesh协议。通过对原有TSMP协议的剖析及其对路由算法、TDMA调度算法的改进,以满足工业现场实时、可靠通信的要求。通过仿真实验以及硬件的部分实现,验证了协议的有效性和可实现性。     

无线传感器网络在医疗领域的应用

讨论了无线传感器网络的节点组成、网络体系和协议栈模型，给出了一个远程医疗监护网络体系结构，并对无线传感器网络在医疗应用的主要方面、前景和面临的挑战进行了阐述。     

基于无线传感器网络的局域世界动态演化模型

在传感器网络中,传感器节点本身的通信能量与功率有限,传感器节点仅与其邻域中的相邻节点进行合作与通信,这说明网络中演化过程符合局域演化概念。从无线传感器网络局域演化角度出发,综合考虑传感器网络中节点能量感知连接机制以及节点和链路有增有减的动态过程,提出了一种能量感知的局域世界动态演化模型。利用平均场理论分析并仿真验证了该模型的度分布介于随机网络和无标度网络之间。同时,通过仿真实验研究了所提模型的网络直径和网络能效与局域世界规模的关系,实验结果表明适当增加节点的局域世界可以大大提高网络数据传输的高效性。     

一种基于RSSI距离比的传感器节点定位算法

随着无线传感器网络的应用与发展,WSN作为一种全新的信息获取和处理技术已得到广泛应用。如何对传感器网络节点进行快速、精确的定位,已成为WSN系统急需解决的问题。为此,提出了一种基于RSSI距离比的MDS定位算法。该算法巧用RSSI距离比,结合Euclidean测距技术计算节点间距离矩阵,运用MDS算法建立相应的全局坐标系统。根据已知锚节点物理位置,通过坐标变换（旋转与平移）最终确定未知节点的物理位置。实验结果表明：该方法能有效地提高定位的精度,对开发高精度定位系统具有重要的参考价值。     

基于层次模型的kNN查询处理算法

针对当前基于二级网络模型的数据流k-最近邻(kNN)查询中网络流量大、查询结点负载重的问题,提出了一种新的网络模型,将二级网络模型扩展到更通用的层次网络模型。该模型改进了查询算法,在远程节点与查询节点间布置多个中间节点,以处理数据,降低网络数据传输量,减小查询结点的负载。理论分析和数值实验表明新算法能取得较好的结果。     

工业无线传感网可靠路由及部署方案

在传感网中如果2棵以Sink节点为根节点的生成树使得网络中任意源节点在这2棵树上到Sink节点的路径没有相交节点,称这2棵树为该网络的ND(Node Disjoint)树。针对工业无线传感网的应用需求与特点,研究了基于ND树的路由方案。仿真实验和分析表明,该路由方案具有较高的路由可靠性。针对该路由方案的特点与需要,给出了1种节点二连通(Twonodeconnected)网络的部署方案。     

A Provably Secure Aggregate Signature Scheme for Healthcare Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are being used in a wide range of applications for healthcare monitoring, like heart rate monitors and blood pressure monitors, which can minimize the need for healthcare professionals. In medical system, sensors on or in patients produce medical data which can be easily compromised by a vast of attacks. Although signature schemes can protect data authenticity and data integrity, when the number of users involved in the medical system becomes huge, the bandwidth and storage cost will rise sharply so that existing signature schemes are inapplicability for WSNs. In this paper, we propose an efficient aggregate signature scheme for healthcare WSNs according to an improved security model, which can combine multiple signatures into a single aggregate signature. The length of such an aggregate signature may be as long as that of an individual one, which can greatly decrease the bandwidth and storage cost for networks.     

Energy-aware Gateway Selection for Increasing the Lifetime of Wireless Body Area Sensor Networks

A Wireless Body Area Sensor Network (WBASN) is composed of a set of sensor nodes, placed on, near or within a human body. WBASNs opt to continuously monitor the health conditions of individuals under medical risk, e.g., elders and chronically ill people, without keeping them in a hospital or restraining their motion. A WBASN needs to stay connected to local or wide area networks using wireless technologies in order to send sensor readings to a medical center. The WBASN nodes are implanted within the human body and would thus have limited energy supply. Since the mission of the WBASN is very critical, increasing the lifetime of nodes is essential in order to maintain both practicality and effectiveness. This paper presents a new Gateway Selection Algorithm (GSA) that factors in the use of energy harvesting technologies and dynamically picks the most suitable WBASN node that serves as a gateway to other wireless networks. The goal of GSA is to balance the load among the nodes by adaptively changing the gateway node in WBASN depending on the energy reserve of nodes. Computer modeling and simulations of the proposed GSA are carried out using OPNET. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed GSA approach.     

A Lightweight Security Scheme for Wireless Body Area Networks: Design, Energy Evaluation and Proposed Microprocessor Design

In order for wireless body area networks to meet widespread adoption, a number of security implications must be explored to promote and maintain fundamental medical ethical principles and social expectations. As a result, integration of security functionality to sensor nodes is required. Integrating security functionality to a wireless sensor node increases the size of the stored software program in program memory, the required time that the sensor's microprocessor needs to process the data and the wireless network traffic which is exchanged among sensors. This security overhead has dominant impact on the energy dissipation which is strongly related to the lifetime of the sensor, a critical aspect in wireless sensor network (WSN) technology. Strict definition of the security functionality, complete hardware model (microprocessor and radio), WBAN topology and the structure of the medium access control (MAC) frame are required for an accurate estimation of the energy that security introduces into the WBAN. In this work, we define a lightweight security scheme for WBAN, we estimate the additional energy consumption that the security scheme introduces to WBAN based on commercial available off-the-shelf hardware components (microprocessor and radio), the network topology and the MAC frame. Furthermore, we propose a new microcontroller design in order to reduce the energy consumption of the system. Experimental results and comparisons with other works are given.     

A data structure and function classification based method to evaluate clustering models for gene expression data

Objective: To establish a systematic framework for selecting the best clustering algorithm and provide an evaluation method for clustering analyses of gene expression data. Metlaods: Based on data struc-ture (internal information) and function classification (external information), the evaluation of gene expres-sion data analyses were carried out by using 2 approaches. Firstly, to assess the predictive power of cluster-ing algorithms, Entropy was introduced to measure the consistency between the clustering results from differ-ent algorithms and the known and validated functional classifications. Secondly, a modified method of figureof merit (adjust_FOM) was used as internal assessment method. In this method, one clustering algorithm was used to analyze all data but one experimental condition, the remaining condition was used to assess the predictive power of the resulting clusters. This method was applied on 3 gene expression data sets (2 from the Lyer‘‘s Serum Data Sets, and 1 from the Ferea‘‘s Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Data Set). Results: A method based on entropy and figure of merit (FOM) was proposed to explore the results of the 3 data sets obtained by 6 different algorithms, SOM and Fuzzy clustering methods were confirmed to possess the highest ability to cluster. Conclusion: A method based on entropy is firstly brought forward to evaluate clustering analyses. Different results are attained in evaluating same data set due to different function classification. According to the curves of adjust-FOM and Entropy-FOM, SOM and Fuzzy clustering methods show the highest ability to cluster on the 3 data sets.     

基于减法聚类产生具有优化规则的模糊神经网络及其软测量建模

提出了一种通过调整减法聚类半径优选模糊规则的软测量建模方法。首先用减法聚类建立T—S模糊模型，然后通过调整聚类半径优选模糊规则数，以取得具有良好泛化性能的模型，之后利用梯度下降混合最小二乘算法精调参数。最后用该方法对初馏塔石脑油干点进行软测量建模，结果表明能较快确定优化模型，并能满足软测量建模精度要求。     

Medical cyber-physical systems: A survey

Medical cyber-physical systems (MCPS) are healthcare critical integration of a network of medical devices. These systems are progressively used in hospitals to achieve a continuous high-quality healthcare. The MCPS design faces numerous challenges, including inoperability, security/privacy, and high assurance in the system software. In the current work, the infrastructure of the cyber-physical systems (CPS) are reviewed and discussed. This article enriched the researches of the networked Medical Device (MD) systems to increase the efficiency and safety of the healthcare. It also can assist the specialists of medical device to overcome crucial issues related to medical devices, and the challenges facing the design of the medical device’s network. The concept of the social networking and its security along with the concept of the wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are addressed. Afterward, the CPS systems and platforms have been established, where more focus was directed toward CPS-based healthcare. The big data framework of CPSs is also included.