实验性增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变动物模型的建立

目的 比较3种不同方法建立增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变(proliferative vitreoretinopathy , PVR)动物模型,从中选取一种比较好的制作方法.方法 新西兰白兔随机分为3组,玻璃体腔行气体压迫术后分别注入成纤维细胞、视网膜色素上皮(retinal pigment epithelial,RPE)细胞和富含血小板的血浆(platelet-rich plasma, PRP),观察各组注射后1、3、7、14、21、28、35d PVR的发生情况.结果 成纤维细胞组与RPE细胞组相比,视网膜脱离的发生率差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);PRP组与成纤维细胞组和RPE细胞组相比,14d后视网膜脱离的发生率差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 玻璃体腔注入成纤维细胞是一种较好的建立PVR模型的方法.     

牵引性视网膜脱离动物模型的制备

采用组织培养方法获得足够数量的兔皮肤成纤维细胞。将２．５×１０５个同种异体成纤维细胞注入兔眼玻璃体后，细胞在眼内生长繁殖，形成增殖物。增殖物的收缩牵引终导致视网膜脱离。这一过程酷似人眼增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变的临床特征。     

家兔视网膜脱离状态下玻璃体NGF水平及视网膜细胞动态观察

目的 :研究视网膜脱离状态下玻璃体内源性神经生长因子 (NGF)水平及视网膜细胞的动态变化 ,为视网膜脱离的治疗提供实验依据。方法 :健康青紫兰家兔制备视网膜脱离模型 ,模型制备后 8h ,1d ,4d ,7d ,14d以夹心酶免疫反应方法检测玻璃体NGF的水平 ,同时制备视网膜光镜、电镜标本 ,观察视网膜细胞的动态变化。统计学方法采用方差分析、秩和检验和直线相关分析。结果 :①家兔正常玻璃体NGF的水平为 (16 48± 2 5 2 )ng/L。视网膜脱离后 8h玻璃体NGF水平已增加 ,1d后达正常水平的 12 6倍 ;脱离后第 4d为正常水平的 4倍 ;第 14d降至正常水平。②视网膜脱离后第 4～ 7d变性及凋亡视细胞数增加 ,与玻璃体NGF水平显著负相关。③视网膜脱离 7d后神经节细胞层的厚度与玻璃体NGF水平显著正相关。结论 :NGF对视网膜细胞可能具有保护作用 ,提示外源性NGF可应用于治疗视网膜脱离     

玻璃体腔注射C3F8联合玻璃体手术治疗脉络膜脱离型视网膜脱离的疗效

目的:探讨玻璃体腔注射C3F8联合23 G微创玻璃体切除术治疗脉络膜脱离型视网膜脱离的临床疗效?方法:临床确诊的脉络膜脱离型视网膜脱离患者29例(29眼)纳入研究?患者入院后先行玻璃体腔内注射0.8 mL C3F8,3 d后行经结膜无缝合玻璃体切除及硅油填充术?观察玻璃体手术前后视力?眼压变化情况,以及手术后视网膜复位率及并发症等情况?结果:玻璃体腔注射C3F8后29眼眼压均得到不同程度回升,眼前节炎症减轻,注气后3 d内共有23眼脉络膜复位?行玻璃体切除联合硅油填充后,视网膜复位25眼,占86.2%,3眼通过二次手术达到视网膜复位?术前?术后1个月?术后3个月平均LogMAR视力为2.14 ± 0.39?1.58 ± 0.57?1.23 ± 0.59,与手术前视力比较,差异均有统计学意义(P < 0.05)?结论:玻璃体腔注射C3F8联合玻璃体切除术治疗脉络膜脱离型视网膜脱离安全有效?     

视网膜下液体对人成纤维细胞的刺激作用

观察２３例孔源性视网膜脱离患者视网膜下液体（ＳＲＦ）对培养的人成纤维细胞生长的刺激作用，同时采用￣３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ掺入法测定了ＳＲＦ对成纤维细胞ＤＮＡ的合成作用。结果表明，所有ＳＲＦ均有刺激成纤维细胞增殖的能力，增殖率为５５．４％～２７７．８％，ＳＲＦ能促进成纤维细胞的ＤＮＡ合成（Ｐ＜０．０５）。ＳＲＦ与视网膜脱离的增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变（ＰＶＲ）程度、脱离范围和脱离持续时间呈正相关。     

冷凝术后玻璃体腔碱性成纤维细胞生长因子含量的测定

目的 通过测定孔源性视网膜脱离患者玻璃体腔碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)含量及复发性孔源性视网膜脱离(冷凝术后)患者玻璃体腔bFGF含量,探讨冷凝与bFGF的关系及其在增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变(PVR)形成中的作用与可能的机制.方法 两组病例均在玻璃体切除术前取原始玻璃体液,离心后取上清液,采用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附...     

康柏西普联合玻璃体切割术治疗视网膜血管瘤引起的 视网膜脱离的疗效观察

目的 回顾性分析视网膜毛细血管瘤(RCH)引起的视网膜脱离患者行单纯玻璃体切割手术或玻璃体腔注射康柏西普联合玻璃体切割手术的治疗效果。 方法 采用23 G玻璃体切割术和激光凝固和(或)冷冻疗法治疗15例(15眼)由RCH引起的视网膜脱离患者,其中6例(6眼)玻璃体腔内注射康柏西普7 d后行玻璃体切割术(注射组),9例(9眼)单纯行玻璃体切割术(未注射组)。记录手术时间、最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、眼底情况、荧光素血管造影(FFA)结果以及全身情况,并进行比较分析。 结果 未注射组中,7眼视网膜平复、肿瘤消退,1眼出现新的RCH,1眼复发视网膜脱离。注射组中,5眼术后视网膜平复、肿瘤消退,1眼复发视网膜脱离。 结论 23 G玻璃体切割联合玻璃体腔注射康柏西普,对RCH引起的严重的出血性视网膜脱离有较好的疗效,可明显减少手术时间及术中出血,减少手术次数。根据FFA的结果行激光光凝和(或)冷冻治疗是治疗成功的重要因素。     

实验性增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变的增殖细胞核抗原的表达

[目的]观察实验性外伤性增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变(traumatic proliferative vitreoretinopathy TPVR)的病理过程,以增殖细胞核抗原(proliferating cell nuclear antigen,PCNA)为细胞增殖指标,探讨TPVR的危险因素、增殖起点及各种增殖细胞的作用。[方法]通过眼球穿通伤并玻璃体内注入自体全血诱发大鼠TPVR模型,观察伤后1,3,5,7,14,21 d大鼠伤眼的病理衍变,用PCNA检测伤眼的增殖情况。[结果]眼球穿通伤后伤眼出现早期视网膜脱离或明显中性白细胞浸润,PCNA阳性细胞多且广泛;在TPVR中脱离的的视网膜色素上皮(retinal pigment epitheli-um RPE)细胞PCNA阳性表达在伤后1 d出现,5~7 d达到高峰,是形成视网膜下膜的主要细胞;大量PCNA阳性的成纤维细胞从伤后1 d开始经伤道长入眼内,以后逐步减少,到伤后21 d停止,它是形成视网膜前膜的主要细胞;视网膜内层PCNA阳性的细胞在伤后3 d出现,没有明显的高峰时间,是视网膜增厚,僵硬的主要原因;视网膜下膜的形成早于视网膜前膜,并广泛存在于TPVR中;在TPVR严重的眼,后期可见大量PCNA阳性并脱落的睫状上皮细胞。[结论]通过眼球穿通伤并玻璃体内注入自体全血可以成功地诱发大鼠TPVR模型;中性白细胞在外伤性PVR的发生发展中具有很重要的作用;在外伤性PVR中RPE细胞是形成视网膜下膜的主要细胞,成纤维细胞是视网膜前膜的主要细胞,而神经胶质细胞是视网膜增厚,僵硬的主要原因。视网膜下膜的形成早于视网膜前膜,并广泛存在于TPVR。     

雷珠单抗联合玻璃体切割及光凝治疗 Coats 病所致玻璃体积血并视网膜脱离

目的：观察评估玻璃体腔内注射雷珠单抗联合玻璃体切割及光凝治疗Coats病导致玻璃体积血合并视网膜脱离的疗效。方法选择9例（9眼）因Coats病导致玻璃体积血合并视网膜脱离的入院患者,术前1周行玻璃体腔内注射雷珠单抗,联合后段玻璃体切割、视网膜切开放液、硅油眼内注入术,术中及术后视网膜光凝,术后随访5～24个月。结果术后视网膜复位9眼（100％）,7眼保持术前视力,2眼术后视力提高。结论玻璃体腔内注射雷珠单抗联合玻璃体切割及光凝治疗Coats病引起的玻璃体积血合并视网膜脱离效果显著,并能有效保存及提高视力。     

色素上皮源性因子基因转染对巨噬细胞诱导大鼠增生性玻璃体视网膜病变的抑制作用及其机制

目的：探讨玻璃体腔注射色素上皮源性因子(PEDF)基因真核表达载体在增生性玻璃体视网膜病变(PVR)模型眼内的表达及作用,阐明PEDF基因转染对巨噬细胞诱导的鼠增生性玻璃体视网膜病变的抑制作用。方法：采用阳离子脂质体包裹pcDNA3-PEDF,注射到36只SD大鼠玻璃体腔内（每组大鼠的右眼为实验眼,左眼作为阴性对照眼）,大鼠分为PVR对照组(仅在玻璃体腔内注射巨噬细胞诱发PVR形成)、盐水对照组（在玻璃体腔内注射生理盐水3 d后注射巨噬细胞）和转染组（在玻璃体腔内注射脂质体、pcDNA3-PEDF混合物,3 d后注射巨噬细胞）,每组12只,应用检眼镜和全视网膜镜观察各组大鼠玻璃体和视网膜情况;HE染色光镜下观察各组大鼠玻璃体、视网膜各层结构和细胞增殖情况。结果：检眼镜和全视网膜镜观察各组大鼠PVR形成情况,玻璃体腔注射巨噬细胞后,与转染组比较,PVR对照组和盐水对照组大鼠可见玻璃体腔内增殖明显。于注射后1周见PVR对照组和盐水对照组开始出现条索样增殖,2～3周时增殖逐渐加重,并开始出现视网膜隆起,4周见全部模型眼均有明显增殖改变,有条索状增殖物牵引网膜,并出现牵拉网脱;转染组大鼠中仅1眼见玻璃体牵拉,视网膜浅脱离,余眼玻璃体无明显混浊,眼底清晰,视网膜平伏。HE染色,转染组大鼠绝大部分实验眼视网膜各层细胞结构清晰,仅发生了视网膜浅脱离的1眼可见视网膜前增殖膜,伴少量炎性细胞浸润;PVR对照组和盐水对照组大鼠玻璃体腔内可见随病程进展的炎症反应,炎症细胞聚集、成纤维细胞增殖、瘢痕形成最终导致眼球萎缩。结论：大鼠玻璃体腔注射转染PEDF可以明显抑制巨噬细胞诱导的PVR形成和发展。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Acupuncture Treatment of Vomiting

CASE HISTORY A female patient, 46 years old, head of the foreign affairs department of a certain university in Beijing, paid her first visit on October 9, 2006, with the chief complaint of vomiting for one month. She got vomiting after meals in early September. Before that, she had discomfortable sensation in the stomach due to angry with others, but she didn't pay much attention. Later, it developed into vomiting after eating. After the vomiting, the discomfort would be relieved, but with slight hypodynamia. She was once diagnosed as having 'neurogenic vomiting'. Having taken some western and Chinese drugs, the above symptoms were a little bit improved, but she would have nausea upon eating and with regurgitation. Because of the fear for vomiting, she did not dare to have food intake, with body weight reduction of 6 kilos in one month.     

Qiu Baoguo''''s Experience in Treating Consumptive Syndromes after Radio-Chemotherapies

Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the important modern medical therapies for malignant tumors,yet they can also bring about serious local and systemic toxic side reactions so to decrease the patient;'s life quality,manifested by a series of consumptive symptoms.Having engaged in the combined work of Chinese and western medicine for nearly 50 years,the research fellow Qiu Baoguo in Henan Provincial Academy of TCM has developed his unique views on the TCM study of consumptive syndromes.The author of this essay had once the fortune tO follow Dr.Qiu in clinic,and specially would like to introduce in the following Dr.Qiu's experience in treating consumptive syndromes after radio-chemotherapies for patients with malignant tumor.     

Insomnia Due to Deficiency of Both the Heart and Spleen Treated by Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Chinese Tuina

OBJECTIVE: To observe therapeutic effects of the comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen. METHODS: 92 cases were divided randomly into the treatment group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina) and the control group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion). RESULTS: The therapeutic effect of the treatment group was obviously superior to that of the control group (the CHI2 test showed P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina can give marked therapeutic effects for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen.     

Analysis of CK-19,PDX-1,Nestin,Ngn3 in different donor islet purity in rats

Objective: To investigate if there are the CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 positive cells in the donor islets of different purity in rats. Methods: Thirty male adult SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups. Islets were isolated using digestion by ductal injection of collagenase. Group Ⅰ (n=10): Separating cell preparations were not purified, Group Ⅱ(n=10): Islet sediment was purified with 25% Ficoll400 ,Group Ⅲ (n=10): Islet sediment was purified with 25% and 11% Ficoll-400. The levels of protein of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin and Ngn3 were detected by immunohistochemistry and the mRNA of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 was amplified by RT-PCR. Results: After two different purification methods applied, three islet preparations of different purities were obtained. The difference of islet purity was significant among various groups (P＜0.05). Compared with group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ,the protein and mRNA of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin,Ngn3 were both higher in group Ⅰ; group Ⅲ was poorly expressed. Conclusions: The three different islet purity donor islet have different CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 positive cells within them, indicating that there are some islet stem cells in the purified donor islet.     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.