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1.
目的探究高原(海拔约2 850m)和平原(海拔约400m)环境下完全睡眠剥夺(sleep deprivation,SD)对工作记忆能力的影响.方法完全SD条件下,分别在高原和平原对15名被试(高原7名,平原8名)进行间隔为6h的8次工作记忆测验.此测验的任务包括两种:一为字母内容匹配任务,一为字母位置匹配任务.结果①两种工作记忆任务上,高原与平原相比,各时间点的测量值差异均未达到显著性水平;②高原和平原环境下,SD各时间点的工作记忆测量值同基础值相比,除时间点2(第1天下午)、时间点3(第1天晚上)以外,其余差异均达显著性水平;③在高原环境下,时间点5(第2天早上)两项工作记忆任务测验成绩同时间点4(第1天夜间)相比均未呈现升高趋势,字母内容匹配任务测验成绩表现尤为明显,与平原不一.结论中等海拔高度(2 100~3 050m)的高原,在只进行轻体力劳动的情况下,45h完全SD对机体工作记忆能力的影响与平原大致相似.SD超过20h,工作记忆能力显著低于基础值.  相似文献   

2.
目的探讨海拔2 850m的高原低氧条件下45h完全睡眠剥夺(sleep deprivation,SD)期间,脑力疲劳对个体外显操作自我监控的元认知能力的影响.方法 7名20~22岁的健康男性青年,在完全睡眠剥夺条件下,每隔6h进行1次元认知能力测验,具体内容为一组难度水平不同的系列加法任务.结果①通过总体分析,被试完成各难度水平任务的正确率与其主观评判等级之间的相关为0.63(P <0.01),表明这二者具有较度的一致性;②对SD过程中各次测验的三项校验指标,即确信等级与正确率二者之间的相关系数、校验曲线的斜率和最高确信等级的正确率,进行分析,结果表明,这三项指标在各次测验之间均无显著性差异(P >0.05),其F值分别为F7, 43≈0.455、F7, 43≈0.646和F7,43≈1.001.结论个体自我监控的元认知能力作为人体一种相对独立的能力,在海拔不超过2 850m,SD不超过45h的时间内,其基本保持完好,可采用主观报告的方法对脑力疲劳程度进行量化.  相似文献   

3.
目的 探讨海拔 2 850m的高原低氧条件下 45h完全睡眠剥夺 (sleepdeprivation,SD)期间,脑力疲劳对个体外显操作自我监控的元认知能力的影响。方法 7名 20~22岁的健康男性青年,在完全睡眠剥夺条件下,每隔 6h进行 1次元认知能力测验,具体内容为一组难度水平不同的系列加法任务。结果 ①通过总体分析,被试完成各难度水平任务的正确率与其主观评判等级之间的相关为 0. 63 (P<0. 01),表明这二者具有较度的一致性;②对SD过程中各次测验的三项校验指标,即确信等级与正确率二者之间的相关系数、校验曲线的斜率和最高确信等级的正确率,进行分析,结果表明,这三项指标在各次测验之间均无显著性差异 (P>0. 05),其F值分别为F7, 43≈0. 455、F7, 43≈0. 646和F7, 43≈1. 001。结论个体自我监控的元认知能力作为人体一种相对独立的能力,在海拔不超过 2 850m,SD不超过 45h的时间内,其基本保持完好,可采用主观报告的方法对脑力疲劳程度进行量化。  相似文献   

4.
目的比较高原环境(海拔约2850m)下30小时完全睡眠剥夺单次及重复口服咖啡因对计算能力的不同影响.方法采用自身前后对照实验设计,对6名被试前后进行2次30小时完全睡眠剥夺.在剥夺过程中,分6个时间点进行连续相加测验,分别为:24:00、03:00、05:00、07:00、09:00和13:00.在01:00和05:00时间点上分别给予两种处理:单次口服200mg咖啡因和重复口服200mg咖啡因.两次实验间洗脱期为3天.每次实验进行6个时间点的连续相加测验,观察测验成绩的变化趋势.结果两次实验中03:00与05:00时间点上作业成绩未有明显下降.在单次服用200mg咖啡因实验中,07:00测验时间点成绩明显下降,到09:00测验时间点成绩上升,13:00测验时间点成绩再次下降;而在重复服用200mg咖啡因实验中,07:00和09:00测验时间点成绩均有所提高,在13:00测验时间点成绩下降,下降幅度明显大于单200mg咖啡因.结论在高原环境下,咖啡因对抗睡眠剥夺的不良影响是有效的.并且重复口服200mg咖啡因的对抗作用较为理想,不但体现在服药后作业成绩的提高,而且也反映在对抗作用持续时间上.  相似文献   

5.
用耳夹式动脉血氧饱和度测定仪和阻执法(impedance cardiogram),观察了16岁~25岁的23名青年战士,在模拟高原环境持续生活72h内(受试者在低压舱内于模拟4 000m高原生活48h,然后继续在模拟5000m高原生活24h)动脉血氧饱和度(SaO_2)和心脏指数(CI)的变化。自到达模拟4000m高原立即至在模拟5000m高原停留24h末(即在模拟高原环境生活72h末),其SaO_2和CI随着海拔高度的增加和持续时间的延长而降低,于模拟5000m高原第24h末,两者下降至本试验的最低值;提示心脏功能受到一定程度的抑制。于返回平原的第4h末,SaO_2虽已恢复正常,但CI仍然偏低,与平原对照值相比,具有显著差异(P<0.05),表明此种模拟高原的急性缺氧对心脏泵血功能的影响未完全恢复。  相似文献   

6.
目的 观察海拔5374 m高原实地环境下,急性缺氧对家兔小肠黏膜屏障功能的损伤作用,为临床急性高原病的防治提供理论依据.方法 40只新西兰大白兔,随机分为平原对照组(C)、高原缺氧1天组(GQ1)、高原缺氧3天组(GQ3)和高原缺氧5天组(GQ5),每组10只.高原缺氧各组动物在海拔5374 m的高原实地环境分别生存1...  相似文献   

7.
睡眠剥夺对工作记忆的影响   总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5  
宋国萍  苗丹民  皇甫恩 《医学争鸣》2004,25(18):1707-1709
目的: 探讨不同时间睡眠剥夺对工作记忆的影响. 方法: 32名青年男性随机分为4组: 对照组,SD21 h,SD45 h和SD69 h组,每组8名. 采用数字记忆广度、词汇记忆广度、连续减法和随机数字生成测验对4组被试进行测试. 结果: 睡眠剥夺后,记忆广度成绩下降,69 h有显著差异,其中倒背45 h就有显著差异;连续减法测验成绩下降,69 h时反应总数有显著差异,45 h时正确数/反应总数之比就有显著差异;随机数字生成测验敏感于其他测验,SD21 h就出现随机数字生成总数和随机性有显著差异,偏离理想数字序列的程度(R)和相邻数字对在所有数字中所占比例(A)在SD45 h时有显著差异. 结论: SD后对于工作记忆影响较大,对于工作记忆要求高的测验受影响更大,并且这种影响在SD45 h以后更为显著.  相似文献   

8.
程迎祥  赵颖  吴巧  杨苏文  赵福胜  周生焰 《四川医学》2005,26(12):1455-1456
目的为防治高海拔地区低气压对人体健康和生命的伤害而研究一种装置,为了对其设计效果进行验证,又专门制作试验舱进行动物试验。方法检测同一组兔在平原和高原两地P、SaO2测值比较;在高原进行舱内、外检测自身对照t检验。结果30只兔在海拔496m的平原检测P(109.60±26.42)次/min,SaO2(96.47±1.740)%,在高原海拔5374m大环境(舱外)检测P(168.38±24.30)次/min,SaO2(80.20±1.57)%,在海拔5374m小环境(舱内)气压为96.0kPa,5min时P(113.4±23.50)次/min,SaO2(97.53±0.968)%,平原与高原大环境测值自身对照,差异显著,P<0.01;而在海拔5374m的高原模拟海拔496m平原气压小环境的实验舱内测值与平原大环境测值近似,自身对照差异无显著性,P>0.05。结论异型移动式气密舱高原试验用气压装置(高原小环境生理保健箱即实验舱)在海拔5374m的高原环境中试验结果表明能有效的提高受试物动SaO2%并降低心率,对高原低气压的损害有确切的预防、救护和治疗作用。  相似文献   

9.
李云鹏  董兆君  何悦  邓有才  唐禾  赵远鹏  叶枫 《重庆医学》2008,37(21):2437-2438
目的 研究缺氧复合氰化钠中毒对一氧化氮合酶(NOS)活性及一氧化氮(NO)含量的影响.方法 采用SD雄性大鼠72只,平原(海拔308m)、高原(海拔4 000m)氰化钠中毒组各36只.大鼠背部皮下注射氰化钠(3.6mg/kg),分剐于中毒0(对照组)、0.5、1、2、4、6h取肝脏检测NOS活性及NO含量.结果 平原及高原氰化钠中毒大鼠肝脏总NOS活性降低,iNOS活性升高,平原组iNOS活性升高更明显.平原组NO含量升高并在中毒1h达到峰值,高原组NO含量先升高后降低.结论 高原缺氧复合氰化钠中毒可抑制肝脏NO的产生.  相似文献   

10.
目的 比较高原环境(海拔约2850m)下30小时完全睡眠剥夺单次及重复口服咖啡因对计算能力的不同影响。方法 采用自身前后对照实验设计,对6名被试前后进行2次30小时完全睡眠剥夺。在剥夺过程中,分6个时间点进行连续相加测验,分别为:24:00、03:00、05:00、07:00、09:00和13:00。在01:00和05:00时间点上分别给予两种处理:单次口服200mg咖啡因和重复口服200mg咖啡因。两次实验间洗脱期为3天。每次实验进行6个时间点的连续相加测验,观察测验成绩的变化趋势。结果 两次实验中03:00与05:00时间点上作业成绩未有明显下降。在单次服用200mg咖啡因实验中,07:00测验时间点成绩明显下降,到09:00测验时间点成绩上升,13:00测验时间点成绩再次下降;而在重复服用200mg咖啡因实验中,07:00和09:00测验时间点成绩均有所提高,在13:00到验时间点成绩下降,下降幅度明显大于单200mg咖啡因。结论 在高原环境下,咖啡因对抗睡眠剥夺的不良影响是有效的。并且重复口服200mg咖啡因的对抗作用较为理想,不但体现在服药后作业成绩的提高,而且也反映在对抗作用持续时间上。  相似文献   

11.
Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P< 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P< 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.  相似文献   

12.
Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P < 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (>0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P <0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P < 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.  相似文献   

13.
Objective: To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods: SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer's was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava (IVC) inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results: Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion: This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.  相似文献   

14.
Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.  相似文献   

15.
Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.  相似文献   

16.
A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care(~'4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.  相似文献   

17.
Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.  相似文献   

18.
Journal of Nanjing Medical University (English Edition) JNMU, sponsored by Nanjing Medical University, was established in 1987. It is a bimonthly comprehensive English medical journal published locally and abroad.Since 2007, Journal of Nanjing Medical University (English Edition )was granted Elsevier the full publishing and distribution rights worldwide for the Electronic Edition, excluding the People's Republic of China.  相似文献   

19.
目的:评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术(PPCI)术后生活质量的影响.方法:将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组(术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次)和对照组(仅接受基础药物治疗).所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表(MIDAS)、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果:入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异(P>0.05);出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低(P<0.05);组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低(P<0.05).两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血(P>0.05).两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异(P>0.05).结论:PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.  相似文献   

20.
Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P<0.01);the MAP decreased(P<0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P<0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.  相似文献   

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