小脑幕脑膜瘤显微手术治疗

目的:探讨小脑幕脑膜瘤显微手术治疗的技巧,以降低死亡率.方法:回顾分析显微手术治疗小脑幕脑膜瘤32例的临床资料,总结小脑暮脑膜瘤的显微手术方法、手术结果和术后处理.结果在32例中,手术全切除肿瘤27例(84.37%),次全切除5例(15.63%).在未全切除的5例中,3例肿瘤与侵蚀颅内静脉窦,2例肿瘤与脑干、血管及颅神经紧密粘连或受肿瘤侵犯有关.结论:选择好手术入路和运用好显微外科技术可以提高小脑幕脑膜瘤的全切率,降低死亡率.     

显微外科手术治疗小脑幕脑膜瘤的临床效果分析(附37例报告)

目的:评价显微外科手术治疗小脑幕脑膜瘤的临床效果。方法:选择我院37例小脑幕脑膜瘤的临床表现、主要体征、手术入路的选择与疗效进行回顾性分析。结果:27例患者全切,6例次全切,4例大部分切除。临床治愈或缓解32例(86.5%);26例患者进行随访,其中2例复发,均再次进行手术,2例术后放疗患者未出现复发。结论:术前行脑血管造影对判断血供来源和手术处理有重要意义,采用显微外科技术切除肿瘤,能提高全切除率,减少术后并发症。     

半导体激光显微外科在颅底脑膜瘤手术中的应用

目的 探讨半导体激光显微外科在颅底脑膜瘤手术中的应用，方法 18例颅底脑膜瘤患者根据肿瘤所在部位采用一侧或双侧额部入路，改良翼点入路，耳后岩骨小脑幕入路等手术途径分析予以切除，术中应用Diomed60型高功率半导体激光器并结合显微外科技术，结果 全切14例，次全切4例，无手术死亡及严重并发症。结论 应用半导体激光显微外科施行颅底脑膜瘤手术提高了肿瘤全切率和手术疗效。     

桥小脑角脑膜瘤显微切除的面听神经功能保护

目的探讨桥小脑角脑膜瘤经显微外科手术切除方法以及神经功能保护效果。方法回顾性分析2003年4月至2009年11月我科诊治的21例桥小脑角脑膜瘤患者的临床资料。结果2I例中行Simpsot Ⅰ切除10例,Simpson Ⅱ切除6例,近全切除5例（其中相当Kabayashi分级的Ⅳa级切除者4例）,肿瘤全切16例,面神经功能保留16例,听力保留14例;听力改善4例,疗效满意。结论显微手术切除是桥小脑角脑膜瘤安全、有效的治疗方法,术前影像学检查有助于早期定位,术中妥善处理和保护血管、神经,在保留神经功能完整性的前提下尽量全切除肿瘤,是提高手术疗效和患者术后生活质量的关键。     

改良颞下-经小脑幕入路显微手术切除岩斜区脑膜瘤

目的探讨改良颞下-经小脑幕入路显微手术切除岩斜区膜瘤瘤的显微手术技术。方法在传统颞下-经小脑幕入路的基础上，离断颧弓切除Labbe氏静脉前颞下回脑组织。采用显微外科技术切除岩斜区脑膜瘤7例。结果肿瘤全切除2例，次全切除3例，大部分切除2例。术后肢体轻瘫2例。面神经和动眼神经不全麻痹各1例，无手术死亡。随访8～36个月，2例恢复良好，4例生活自理，1例生活需要照顾。结论改良颞下-经小脑幕入路具有操作简单，创伤小，易于掌握，特别适用于中上斜坡脑膜瘤手术，是切除岩斜区脑膜瘤较理想的手术入路。     

小儿后颅窝肿瘤手术治疗体会

目的:探讨显微外科手术切除小儿后颅窝肿瘤的临床疗效。方法:回顾性研究我科自2009年至2011年收治小儿后颅窝肿瘤17例,采用枕下正中切口,小脑下蚓部切开的传统手术入路术式以及经小脑延髓裂入路显微外科手术切除。结果:肿瘤全切除13例,次全切除4例。1例手术死亡,术后出现小脑缄默综合征及口咽失用1例,经治疗2月后症状基本消除;脑脊液漏1例,经再次加固缝合及加压包扎后治愈。结论:小儿后颅窝肿瘤需采用显微神经外科技术,传统手术入路需切开小脑蚓部,损伤相对较大,术后并发症相对较多。经小脑延髓裂入路可相对减少血管,神经及正常脑组织的损伤,术后小脑缄默综合征等并发症发生率下降,但相对较难掌握。     

颞下经小脑幕岩骨嵴入路切除岩斜区脑膜瘤的显微外科治疗

目的:探讨显微外科条件下以颞下经小脑幕岩骨嵴入路切除岩斜区脑膜瘤的临床疗效。方法:回顾性分析23例岩斜区脑膜瘤病人的临床资料,手术入路均选择颞下经小脑幕岩骨嵴入路,其中7例联合幕下乙状窦后入路。结果:对术后肿瘤切除程度根据Simpson分级:Ⅰ^Ⅱ级切除12例;Ⅲ级切除3例;Ⅳ级切除8例。术后出现昏迷2例;面神经功能小于Ⅲ级7例;眼球运动障碍11例;听力障碍2例;肢体肌力下降3例;颅内感染2例;死亡1例。15例随访6Ⅱ级切除12例;Ⅲ级切除3例;Ⅳ级切除8例。术后出现昏迷2例;面神经功能小于Ⅲ级7例;眼球运动障碍11例;听力障碍2例;肢体肌力下降3例;颅内感染2例;死亡1例。15例随访6³0个月,术前症状及术后并发症大部分不同程度改善,随访期内10例无肿瘤复发及残余肿瘤进展,5例肿瘤明显复发再次手术。结论:颞下经小脑幕岩骨嵴入路是岩斜区脑膜瘤手术治疗的重要方式,具有暴露满意、手术创伤小的优点。联合幕下乙状窦后入路可进一步增大幕下的暴露范围。对于无法全切的SimpsonⅢ级以上肿瘤,术后可辅助γ刀放射治疗抑制残余肿瘤进展,降低复发率。     

前床突脑膜瘤显微手术治疗

目的 探讨显微手术治疗前床突脑膜瘤的方法和疗效.方法 对1991年10月年至2009年10月北京医院收治的53例前床突脑膜瘤患者进行回顾性分析.其中男15例,女38例,年龄为33.0-65.5岁,平均45.5岁.治疗方法采用经翼点、扩大翼点、眶颧、额眶颧入路进行手术切除肿瘤.结果 53例患者中I级切除5例;11级切除33例;ⅢA级切除2例;ⅢB级切除2例;ⅣA级切除6例;IVB级切除4例;V级切除1例.Ⅱ级以上占71.7%,IVA及ⅣB占18.9%.生活自理48例;部分自理4例;1例因大脑中动脉损伤而不能自理;无死亡病例.结论 大部分鞍结节脑膜瘤可以通过显微外科手术安全、有效切除;依据肿瘤大小、生长方式,采用不同的手术入路;显微手术可以明显提高肿瘤全切除率,减少手术并发症,降低死亡率;对于侵犯海绵窦、颈内动脉等重要结构而被残留的肿瘤,术后可行放射治疗.     

Experience in Surgical Treatment of Children with Tumors of Posterior Cranial Fossa

目的:探讨显微外科手术切除小儿后颅窝肿瘤的临床疗效.方法:回顾性研究我科自2009年至2011年收治小儿后颅窝肿瘤17例,采用枕下正中切口,小脑下蚓部切开的传统手术入路术式以及经小脑延髓裂人路显微外科手术切除.结果:肿瘤全切除13例,次全切除4例.1例手术死亡,术后出现小脑缄默综合征及口咽失用1例,经治疗2月后症状基本消除;脑脊液漏1例,经再次加固缝合及加压包扎后治愈.结论:小儿后颅窝肿瘤需采用显微神经外科技术,传统手术入路需切开小脑蚓部,损伤相对较大,术后并发症相对较多.经小脑延髓裂入路可相对减少血管,神经及正常脑组织的损伤,术后小脑缄默综合征等并发症发生率下降,但相对较难掌握.     

显微外科手术治疗蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤28例临床分析

目的探讨显微外科手术治疗蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析该院2010年1月—2012年12月间收治的28例蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤患者的临床资料,所有患者均采取显微外科手术治疗,观察手术治疗效果及术后并发症情况,随访3~6个月观察复发情况。结果该组内侧型12例患者中9例（75.0%）达Simpson I~Ⅱ级切除标准,3例（25.0%）达Simpson lI~IV级切除标准。外侧型16例患者中13例（81.3%）达Simpson I~Ⅱ级切除标准,3例（18.7%）达SimpsonII~IV级切除标准,肿瘤全切率为78.6%。术后2例患者并发神经功能缺损,1例并发脑梗死,无死亡病例。术后对患者进行3~6个月的随访未发现复发病例,患者神经功能恢复良好。结论采用显微外科手术治疗蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤临床效果好,肿瘤全切率高,且术后并发症发生率及肿瘤复发率低,值得临床进一步推广使用。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.     

TCM Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Tonifying the Kidney and Strengthening the Governor Vessel

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic and progressive disorder with inflammation mainly involving the central axis joints. It mainly affects the cervical spine and the lumbosacral area, with the pathogenesis closely related to the kidney and the Governor Vessel (GV). TCM holds that the syndrome is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality, which is due to insufficiency of the kidney, deficiency of GV, and blocking of the channels with the invasion of exogenous evil, leading to poor circulation of qi and blood and malnutrition of the bones, muscles and joints. The TCM method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening GV to regulate circulation of qi and blood and check the arthralgia pain should be adopted, with the Kidney-Tonifying and GV Strengthening Decoction (益肾强督汤) prescribed.     

IMPROVING P-gp EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN VITRO TRANSFECTED BY MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-1 mRNA

CHEMOTHERAPY playsa greatrolein the treat- ment of malignanttumors,especiallyingynecolo- gicalones.But inanticancerchemotherapy,leuko-cytopeniaisfrequentlytheprimarydose-limitingsideeffect factor.Moreover,cancersarefrequentlychemoresistantbe-causeof overexpressionof P-glycoprotein(P-gp), which isencodedby multidrugresistancegene (MDR1 ) and detectableinup to50% ofhuman cancersand renderscellsresistancetoanticancerdrugs.The safetyand potentialtherapeuticbenefitof mdr1 gene transferredto h…