首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
Objective. Bone mineral density(BMD) was measured in normal Chinese women with single X-ray sbsorptiometry (SXA) and dtml energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). These two methods were compared to evaluate the sensitivity in reflecting bone loss. Methods. Measurements were performed in 300 women aged 20~79(5 for each age). The 8mm distal,1/4 distal, ultra distal site ot the nondominant torearrn were measured with SXA; the AP spine(L2-4), right femoral neck(Neck), Ward‘s triangle(Ward)and trochantor (Troch) were measured with DEXA. Ten wcanen had 5 repeated measurements to evaluate the reproducibility ot the equipments. Rgsults. The BMD peak for Neck and Ward was found between age 20~29, for ultra distal and L2-4 at age 30~39, for 8mm distal, 1/4 distal and Troth at age 40~49. After reaching the peak values, BMD at all sites decreased with increasing age. The highest rate of yearly loss of BMD was at 8ram distal. Resuits of measurement showed siguifieant correlation between SXA and DEXA. Comparing with premenopausal women, the bone loss rate in postnaenopausal women was faster and highest up to 11~15 years and the highest rate was at the Ward. Conclusion. The present study gives the normal values of BMD at seven sites for nccmal Chinese wonaen. The ages of BMD peak were different at seven sites. The yearly loss of BMD was highest at 8ram distal, it seemed to be the sensitive region for bone loss with age. The postmenopansal women had highly signiflcantly loss bone mass than the premenopausal women, Comparing with premenopause, postmenopsuse BMD for Ward‘s triangle with DEXA seemed to be most sensitive to the effect of menopause.  相似文献   

2.
Background Jaw osteonecrosis possibly associated with the administration of bisphosphonates is expected to be treated with a non-pharmacologic approach. This study aimed to determine whether noninvasive, mechanically mediated vibration would inhibit the decline in bone mineral density (BMD) that follows menopause, enhance the BMD of the lumbar and femoral neck, and reduce chronic back pain in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.
Methods A total of 116 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis participated in this study, and they were divided into groups A (66 patients) and B (50). Group A received vibration treatment (Subjects vertically stand on the vibration platform, with a vibration frequency of 30 Hz, amplitude of 5 mm; they received the treatment five times per week, ten minutes each time and totally for six months), whereas women of group B served as controls without any treatment. L2-4 BMD, bilateral femoral neck BMD, and body mass index (BMI) were recorded before the treatment or at the third and sixth months of the treatment respectively. After the ending of the treatment, the change of BMD in each group was compared and analyzed. Chronic back pain was evaluated by visual analogue scale (VAS) at baseline and the third and sixth months of the treatment.
Results Of the 116 women, 94 including 51 women from group A ((61.23±8.20) years) and 43 women from group B ((63.73±5.45) years), completed the study. There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics including age, BMI, menopausal years, lumbar BMD, femoral neck BMD, and VAS between the two groups. The lumbar BMD of the 51 women in group A increased by 1.3% (P=0.034) after vibration treatment for 3 months and by 4.3% at the sixth month (P=0.000). The lumbar BMD in group B was decreased at the third month, but there was not statistical significance (P〉0.05) At the sixth month, it was decreased by 1.9% (P 〈0.05). The femoral neck BMD of the 51 women in group A was slightly in  相似文献   

3.
Objective To compare the medical outcomes of infants delivered by cesarean section with those of infants delivered vaginally. Methods A total of 301 healthy women with cesarean section and a matched control group of 301 women delivered vaginally were identified at three district-level hospitals in Shanghai from May 2001 to February 2003. Two groups were matched according to their medical indications for cesarean section. Their infants were assessed at delivery, 1 month, 6 month and 1 year after birth. Results The incidence of neonatal complications and infant morbidities at all measurement occasions did not differ significantly between groups. Rehospitalization was found to be more likely among infants delivered by cesarean section in the first month after birth. However, there was no difference between two groups in the incidence of rehospitalization in the first year after birth. Cesarean section was also associated with a higher risk of infant diarrhea (adjusted relative risk=1.25, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.56). Conclusion Infants did not have health benefits from cesarean section if the pregnancy was at low risk.  相似文献   

4.
WHO alarms HIV infection among tuberculosis patients   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
Background Growth and development of infants has been an important topic in pediatrics for a long time. Infants must be provided with food containing all necessary nutrients. Breast milk is believed to be the most desirable natural and cheapest food for well-balanced nutrition. But with the progress in the development of substitute food in developed countries, it is thought that formula milk can meet the requirement for infant growth. During early infancy, growth, as the most sensitive index of health, is therefore a critical component in evaluating the adequacy of breast-feeding, mixed-feeding and formula feeding. Iron status is another important index of infant health. Iron deficiency anemia remains the most prevalent nutritional deficiency index in infants worldwide. This study is to compare infants in Beijing at 4 months who are on three different feeding modes (breast feeding, mixed feeding and formula feeding) in physical changes and iron status. The results may provide new mothers with support in feeding mode selection, which will also be helpful to the China Nutrition Association in feeding mode education. Methods This is a cohort study. One thousand and one normal Beijing infants were followed regularly for 12 months. Body weight and horizontal length were measured. Hemoglobin, red blood cell counts, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin and serum iron were analyzed at 4 months. Results The breast feeding percentage in the first 4 months was 47.9%. The feeding mode was not significantly related to maternal delivery age, education, labor pathway nor infant sex (P 〉0.05). Infant boys and girls exclusively breast-fed from 0 to 4 months had the highest weight at 0-6 months. The anemia rate of breast-fed infant boys at 4 months was the highest. Conclusions Breast feeding should be given more emphasis. It is compulsory for new mothers to breast-feed their infants if possible. Social environment should also guarantee the requirement for breast feeding. Furthermore the normal values of h  相似文献   

5.
Objective To assess the effectiveness of complementary food supplements with protein and multi-micronutrients on hemoglobin and anemia in infants and young children. Methods In 5 poor counties of Gansu, 984 children aged 6-12 months were enrolled and divided into two groups. In addition to the usual home-made complementary food, all the children were fed one sachet of either Formula Ⅰ or Formula Ⅱ supplements each day. Protein and micronutrients were provided in Formula Ⅰ, while the same energy intake was secured in Formula Ⅱ as in Formula Ⅰ. A massive dose of vitamin A was supplemented to all the children every 6 months. Hemoglobin test was done at the same time. Results Prevalence of anemia was about 35% in both Formula Ⅰ and Formula Ⅱ group at baseline, and there were no differences in hemoglobin concentration between the two groups, During the 6-month and 12-month supplementation, hemoglobin of children in Formula Ⅰ group was higher than that in Formula Ⅱ group (P〈0.05), and hemoglobin increase in Formula Ⅰ group was significantly higher than that in Formula Ⅱ group (P〈0.001). After 6- and 12-mouth supplementation, the prevalence of anemia in Formula Ⅰ group dropped to 19.1% and 8.2% respectively, and it was 28.0% and 12.4% in Formula 2 group. The prevalence of anemia in Formula Ⅰ group was significantly lower than that in Formula Ⅱ group (P〈0.05). After adjusting age and hemoglobin level at baseline, the hemoglobin increase at age of 24 months in formula 1 group was higher (10.7 g/L vs 7.9 g/L, P〈0.0001). Conclusion Micronutrient fortified complementary food supplements, with large-dose vitamin A, is effective for children aged 6-12 months in terms of iron deficiency prevention.  相似文献   

6.
Three hundred and eighty four women in Shanghai who delivered vaginally and chose IUD for contraception received the copper T-380A IUD inserted vaginatty within 10min after delivery of the placenta(i.e.,immediate postplacentat insertion,IPPI).Among them,98.70% were primipara.The women were randomly divided into twogroups:IUD inserted by hand and IUD insreted by ring forceps.Using Life Table Method and X^2test,expulsion and other discontinuation rates were compared at 6,12,24,and 36 months post-insertion between these two different groups.No uterine perforation,infection or prolonged period of lochia occurred in the 384 cases.Expulsions were the main reason for discontinuation.From 6 months to 36 months,the gross cumulative rates of all discontinuation events(expulsion, pregnancy,removal for bleed-ing/pain,etc.)were not statistically significantly different(P>0.05).The results suggest that these two different insertion techniques do not significantly affect discontinuation rate in vaginal IPPI using the TCu 380A, which appears to be suitable for postpartum insertion in Chinese women.Other relevant issues,such as breast-feeding and IUD position in uterine cavity,are also analyzed and discussed in this paper.  相似文献   

7.
Background Optimal mineral intakes are important for infant growth and development. However, data on mineral compositions of breast milk in Chinese women are scarce, and most were acquired before 1990. The objectives of this study were three-fold: (1) to investigate the mineral compositions of Chinese healthy mothers' breast milk in different lactation stages; (2) to explore correlations among mineral concentrations in breast milk; and (3) to explore the associated factors affecting mineral compositions in breast milk. Methods The inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to analyze mineral concentrations in breast-milk of 444 healthy lactating women from three cities in China. A questionnaire was used to survey socio- demographic characteristics and pregnancy history. Food intakes by lactating women were measured using both food frequency questionnaire and one cycle of 24-hour dietary recall. Results Mineral compositions of breast milk varied in different regions. Concentrations of most minerals were higher in the first one or two months of lactation, and then decreased with time, except for magnesium and iron. Inter-mineral correlations existed among several minerals. The calcium-to-phosphorus ratio was above 2:1 in each lactation stage. Women with caesarean section had higher concentration of iodine in the transitional milk (349.9 pg/kg) compared to women with natural delivery (237.5 pg/kg, P〈0.001). Dietary mineral intakes, supplements, food intake frequencies in the recent 6 months, maternal age and maternal BMI did not show significant correlations with concentrations of milk minerals (all P 〉0.05). Conclusions Milk minerals decreased with time, and changed most rapidly in the first one or two months of lactation. Caesarean section might affect the iodine level in transitional milk. Chin Med J 2014;127 (14): 2643-2648  相似文献   

8.
A randomized control trial on interruption of HBV transmission in uterus   总被引:35,自引:1,他引:34  
Zhu Q  Yu G  Yu H  Lu Q  Gu X  Dong Z  Zhang X 《中华医学杂志(英文版)》2003,116(5):685-687
Objective To study the interruptive effect of hepatitis B virus (HBV) specific immunolobulin (HBIG) before delivery in attempt to prevent intrauterine transmission of HBV.Methods Nine hundred and eighty HBsAg carrier pregnant women were randomly divided into HBIG group and control group. Each subject in the HBIG group received 200 IU or 400 IU of HBIG intramuscularly at 3, 2 and 1 month before delivery. The subjects in the control group did not receive any specific treatment. All newborn infants received 100 IU of HBIG intramascularty after venous blood samples were taken at birth and 2 weeks after birth, followed by 30 μg plasma-derived HB vaccine or 5 μg recombinant yeast-derived hepatitis B vaccine at 1, 2 and 7 months of age. Blood tests were performed for all the lying-in women and their neonates. Blood specimens were tested for HBsAg and HBeAg by enzyme immunoassay. All infants were followed up for 1 year.Results In the HBIG group, 491 neonates were born to 487 HBV carrier mothers; and in the control group, 496 neonates were born to 493 HBV carrier mothers. The rates of intrauterine transmission in the two groups were 14.3% and 5.7% respectively (χ2=20.280, P<0.001), and the rates of chronic hepatitis B in the two groups were 2.2% and 7.3% respectively (χ2=13.696, P<0.001). The high risk factors of intrauterine HBV infection included HBsAg HBeAg double positive and HBV DNA positive in the peripheral blood of pregnant women.Conclusion HBV infection in the uterus may be interrupted by injecting multiple intramuscular HBIG injections before delivery without causing any side-effects.  相似文献   

9.
10.
Background Radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) for atrial fibrillation (AF) has developed rapidly,and is a commonly performed ablation in many major hospitals throughout the world,due to its satisfactory results.The aim of this study was to detect the effect of RFCA on C-reactive protein (CRP),brain natriuretic peptide (BNP),and echocardiograph in patients with persistent and permanent AF.Methods A total of 120 patients (71 males,mean age (50.8±12.0) years) with persistent and permanent AF undergoing RFCA under guidance of the Carto merge technique were studied.Left atrial diameter (LAD),right atrial diameter (RAD),left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF),CRP,and BNP were observed 3,6 and 12 months after RFCA and compared with results before RFCA.The recurrence of atrial arrhythmias was observed 3 and 12 months after the procedure.Results Compared with that before RFCA,LAD and RAD decreased and LVEF increased significantly after RFCA.Meanwhile,the levels of CRP and BNP were reduced significantly at 3,6,and 12 months after RFCA (P〈0.05).In the non-recurrent patients,LVEF was increased significantly compared with the recurrent patients at 3,6,and 12 months after RFCA (P〈0.05).CRP and BNP levels were decreased significantly in the non-recurrent patients compared with the recurrent patients at 3,6,and 12 months after RFCA (P〈0.05).After one or two applications of RFCA,during a follow-up of 12 months,12 patients (10.0%) had AF,10 patients (8.3%) had atrial flutter,and 5 patients had atrial tachycardia (4.2%).Conclusions Conversion of AF to sinus rhythm by RFCA,has been shown to reduce LA size and improve LVEF.It can also significantly decrease the levels of CRP and BNP in patients with persistent and permanent AF and reduce the risk of inflammation and developing heart failure.  相似文献   

11.
Background Enterovirus 71 (EV71) and coxsackievirus A16 (Cox A16) are major causative agents for hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD). Studies indicate that the frequent HFMD outbreaks result in a few hundreds children's death in China in recent years. The vaccine and other research for HFMD need to be developed urgently. The aims of our study were: to explore dynamic development of mother-source neutralizing antibodies against EV71 and Cox A16 in infants from Jiangsu Province, China, and to provide the fundamental data for further establishing of corresponding immunization course.Methods Peripheral blood samples were collected from 133 of parturient women once immediately before delivery and their infants at two and seven months of age. Method of micro-dose cytopathogenic effect was used to measure neutralizing antibodies against EV71 and Cox A16, respectively.Results Seropositive rates of anti-EV71 and anti-Cox A16 in prenatal women were 79.7% (106/133) and 92.5% (123/133), respectively; geometric mean titers (GMTs) were 29.0 and 61.9; 75.9% (101/133) prenatal women were both positive in anti-EV71 and anti-Cox A16; seropositive rates of anti-EV71 and anti-Cox A16 were 25.6% (34/133) and 38.3% (51/133) in infants at two months of age; GMTs were 12.3 and 18.0, respectively. GMTs of anti-EV71 were significantly higher for infants at seven months (82.6) compared with that at two months (P <0.05), showing infants had inapparently infected by EV71 during two to seven months. Although only one offspring (0.75%) at seven months was found having anti-Cox A16 transfered from maternal, this observation suggested no maternal antibody may remain in infants at seven months.Conclusions The prevalence of EV71 and Cox A16 were relatively high in Jiangsu Province. Bivalent vaccine against both EV71 and Cox A16 should be developed, and the ideal time point for prime immunization for infants is around 2-5 months of age.  相似文献   

12.
Background Enterovirus 71 (EV71) and coxsackievirus A16 (Cox A16) are major causative agents for hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD). Studies indicate that the frequent HFMD outbreaks result in a few hundreds children's death in China in recent years. The vaccine and other research for HFMD need to be developed urgently. The aims of our study were: to explore dynamic development of mother-source neutralizing antibodies against EV71 and Cox A16 in infants from Jiangsu Province, China, and to provide the fundamental data for further establishing of corresponding immunization course.Methods Peripheral blood samples were collected from 133 of parturient women once immediately before delivery and their infants at two and seven months of age. Method of micro-dose cytopathogenic effect was used to measure neutralizing antibodies against EV71 and Cox A16, respectively.Results Seropositive rates of anti-EV71 and anti-Cox A16 in prenatal women were 79.7% (106/133) and 92.5% (123/133), respectively; geometric mean titers (GMTs) were 29.0 and 61.9; 75.9% (101/133) prenatal women were both positive in anti-EV71 and anti-Cox A16; seropositive rates of anti-EV71 and anti-Cox A16 were 25.6% (34/133) and 38.3% (51/133) in infants at two months of age; GMTs were 12.3 and 18.0, respectively. GMTs of anti-EV71 were significantly higher for infants at seven months (82.6) compared with that at two months (P <0.05), showing infants had inapparently infected by EV71 during two to seven months. Although only one offspring (0.75%) at seven months was found having anti-Cox A16 transfered from maternal, this observation suggested no maternal antibody may remain in infants at seven months.Conclusions The prevalence of EV71 and Cox A16 were relatively high in Jiangsu Province. Bivalent vaccine against both EV71 and Cox A16 should be developed, and the ideal time point for prime immunization for infants is around 2-5 months of age.  相似文献   

13.
目的对2013年泰安市手足口病病例进行病原体检测和分析。方法对临床诊断为手足口病病例的粪便标本505份,用实时荧光定量PCR筛选出肠道病毒通用引物阳性的标本,再分别使用Cox A 16和EV71型的特异引物进行分类检测。结果标本总肠道病毒阳性率为95.05%(408/505),Cox A 16阳性率为31.09%(157/505),EV71阳性率为27.92%(141/505),其他肠道病毒阳性率为36.24%(183/505),Cox A 16的阳性率高于EV71。发病年龄多为1-6岁,男性多于女性。结论 2013年度泰安市的手足口病疫情以EV71和Cox A 16并发为主,采用分子生物学方法检测手足口病的病原体,对手足口病的监测及防控具有重要作用。  相似文献   

14.
目的分析2012-2018年西宁地区手足口病病原学特点,为手足口病防控提供科学依据。方法应用实时荧光RT-PCR法对2012-2018年西宁地区疑似手足口病病例咽拭子标本进行肠道病毒71型(enterovirus 71,EV 71)、柯萨奇病毒A组16型(coxsackie virus A16,Cox A16)和非EV 71/非Cox A16的其他肠道病毒(其他EV)进行核酸检测,并对结果进行分析。结果共检测标本2855份,检出核酸阳性标本2176份,病毒核酸阳性率为76.22%,其中EV 71、Cox A16和其他肠道病毒核酸阳性率分别为28.68%、25.09%和46.23%,以其他肠道病毒为主要型别。发病人群集中在1~5岁组,构成比为91.04%(1981/2176);男性病例阳性率稍高于女性(χ^2=8.647,P=0.004);全年均有发病,发病高峰在6~7月,具有明显的季节性。结论西宁地区各年手足口病病原谱有所不同,近几年其他肠道病毒所占比例逐渐增大,应加强对EV 71和Cox A16以外其他肠道病毒的监测,为更好地做好手足口病的防控工作提供病原学依据。  相似文献   

15.
目的评价手足口病(HFMD)患儿急性期和愈后的血清EV71型中和抗体变化。方法对安徽阜阳2008年4~8月因HFMD住院的患儿采集急性期和愈后1年血样,采用微量细胞病变中和试验方法检测EV71型中和抗体滴度。结果共调查到急性期组患儿83人和愈后1年组患儿57人。对这些病例的血清中和试验研究发现:急性期组和愈后组中和抗体阳性率差异分别为96.4%和82.5%,差异具有统计学意义(χ2=7.784,P<0.05)。急性期组和愈后组抗-EV71中和抗体GMT值分别为388.3和540.0,差异无统计学意义(t=0.907,P>0.05)。结论患儿愈后可以产生较高的抗-EV71中和抗体,且抗体可持续至少1年。  相似文献   

16.
何静  周志统  袁正宏 《医学综述》2011,17(9):1281-1283
肠道病毒71型(EV71)是引起手足口病的主要病原体,并且EV71引起的神经系统并发症所造成的危害也越来越引起人们的重视。但是迄今尚无有效的EV71疫苗和特效抗EV71药物。目前,国内外针对EV71复制周期不同靶点的抗病毒药物研究取得了一定的突破。现将受体阻断剂、病毒衣壳结合剂、蛋白酶抑制剂、3DRNA多聚酶抑制剂、利巴韦林、RNA干扰技术以及中药等抗EV71的研究进展进行综述。  相似文献   

17.
目的:了解2012年贵阳地区儿童手足口病住院患者的病原体分布情况,为手足口病的诊断、治疗及预防提供依据。方法收集3179例手足口病患儿资料,用荧光定量PCR法进行肠道病毒通用型、肠道病毒71型(EV71)和柯萨奇病毒A组16型(CA16)定量分型。结果共检测手足口病病例标本3179份,CA16阳性151份,占4.75%;EV71型331份,占10.41%;CA16和EV71混合感染7份,占0.22%;其他型肠道病毒897份,占28.22%。全年有2个发病高峰,分别为4~7月及10~11月,发病年龄主要集中在5岁以下儿童,其中0~3岁发病最高;男性患儿多于女性。结论2012年贵阳地区儿童手足口病住院患者的病原学分布以其他型肠道病毒和EV71型为主。  相似文献   

18.
张东 《中国热带医学》2013,13(5):653-654
目的分析枣庄市区手足口病流行特征,探讨适宜的防控措施。方法收集国家疾病监测信息报告管理系统手足口病个案资料,采用描述性流行病学方法进行分析比较。结果 2010-2012年枣庄市区共报告手足口病1538例,死亡0例;2010-2012年分别报告612、341、585例,报告发病率分别为122.4/10万、84.2/10万、117/10万;2010年至2012年60例重症病例,无死亡病例报告,2010年报告重症2例,2011年58例,2012年无重症病例。2010年和2012年手足口病病原体以肠道病毒71型(EV71)分别为26例、36例、3例,2010至2012柯萨奇病毒A组16型(Cox A16)分别为10例、1例13例。结论 2010-2012年枣庄市区手足口病疫情呈逐年下降态势,病原学由EV71转化为Cox A16,疫情具有地区持续性。  相似文献   

19.
目的 探讨2012-2016年南宁市重症手足口病的临床流行病学特征及病原分布与变迁,为重症手足口病预防和控制提供依据。 方法 收集2012-2016年在广西壮族自治区妇幼保健院儿科住院的重症手足口病患儿临床资料,回顾性分析不同发病年份、年龄、性别和地区重症手足口病临床流行病学特征,采用RT-PCT法进行EV71、CoxA16和其他肠道病毒检测。 结果 2012-2016年广西壮族自治区妇幼保健院儿科共报道手足口病52 861例,其中重症病例870例,重症发病率为1.65%,重症手足口病每年有4~7月份和8~10月份2个流行高峰。发病最多的患儿为1~2岁组,占总病例数的45.40%,其次为2~3岁组,占21.15%,5岁以下患儿占97.59%,男女性别比例为2.25:1;发病人群中散居儿童占88.15%,幼托儿童占10.47%,西乡塘区和江南区发病最多分别占21.98%和16.23%。870例病例中检出肠道病毒(EV71型、CoxA16型及其他肠道病)704例,检出率为80.92%。EV71型、CoxA16型和其他肠道病毒构成比分别为40.34%、6.39%和53.27%。14例死亡病例中,EV71型检出率为85.71%,其他肠道病检出率为7.14%。2012年和2014年以EV71型流行为主,其他年份以其他肠道病毒为主。 结论 重症手足口病有明显的季节性,5岁以下儿童为易感人群,高危人群为散居、幼托儿童,女性发病率低于男性。肠道病毒是导致重症手足口病的主要病原体,EV71型感染与重症病例死亡相关,EV71型与其他肠道病毒每隔1或2年交替流行。   相似文献   

20.
目的了解深圳市手足口病(HFMD)重症病例的病原学类型和流行病学特征,为本地区手足口病的预防控制提供理论依据。方法收集2011-2012年深圳市各医院送检的220例手足口病重症病例的粪便样本,应用Real-time RT-PCR技术检测肠道病毒71型(EV71)、柯萨奇病毒A组16型(CA16)、肠道病毒通用型(EN)。结果 2011-2012年深圳市共发现220例重症手足口病病例,其中,2012年HFMD重症患者数量为2011年的32.53%。220例重症手足口病病例中,EV71型占80.45%,CA16型占5.00%,其他肠道病毒则占13.19%。2011年5、6月为深圳市手足口病重症的高发月份,而2012年5月和7月为高发月份。1岁组重症病例最多有82人,占重症病例总数的37.27%。重症病例人群男性多于女性(1.62∶1)。结论 EV71是引起深圳市手足口病重症病例的最主要原因,其他肠道病毒比CA16更容易引起手足口病重症。  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号