日本血吸虫抗原的表位模拟肽筛选及免疫保护性

目的　筛选日本血吸虫雄虫抗原的表位模拟肽 ,并探讨其诱导小鼠抗日本血吸虫的免疫保护性。　方法　用日本血吸虫可溶性雄虫抗原的IgG对噬菌体随机 1 2肽库进行亲和筛选。 3轮筛选后 ,经Dot-ELISA检测获得阳性噬菌体克隆 ,并用混合特异性噬菌体克隆免疫小鼠及进行抗日本血吸虫免疫保护性分析。　结果　 1 8个特异性噬菌体克隆均显示有抗原性 ,其噬菌体混合克隆免疫诱导小鼠产生了特异性抗体 ,以及 31 72 %的减虫率和 51 54%的减卵率 ,与对照组比较差异有显著性 (P <0 0 0 1 )。　结论　筛选噬菌体肽库获得的日本血吸虫可溶性雄虫抗原的表位模拟肽分子能诱导小鼠产生抗日本血吸虫的保护性免疫。     

弓形虫有效抗原表位的筛选及其对小鼠免疫保护性的研究

目的:利用噬菌体随机肽库技术筛选弓形虫抗原的有效表位，并探讨其免疫保护效果。方法：用纯化的弓形虫免疫兔血清IgC对噬菌体12肽库进行三轮筛选，对获得的日的噬菌体用间接ELISA和Dot—ELISA检测其特异性，并对其中的某些克隆进行Western—blot分析和序列测定；用混和噬菌体克隆及强阳性表位克隆免疫BABL／c小鼠．间接ELISA法测定其特异性抗体滴度，攻击感染后观察小鼠存活情况。结果：经三轮筛选，特异性噬菌体得到富集，随机挑取18个克隆经间接ELISA和Dot—ELISA鉴定，有16个克隆能与弓形虫免疫兔血清IgG呈特异性反应。Western—blot分析显示P2克隆能被免抗弓形虫血清所识别，具有类似于弓形虫抗原的免疫原性，其序列为5’-CTTCAGTTGGATCGGGCTCGGTTTTGGAAT CAGGGT-3’，与GenBank的弓形虫已知序列无一级结构的同源性；与原肽库对照组相比，P2实验组和P总实验组免疫小鼠均能诱导出较高滴度的IgG抗体，抗攻击感染后小鼠的存活率及存活时间也均高于对照组。结论：利用噬菌体随机肽库技术获得了弓形虫抗原的有效模拟睥位，这些表位能诱导对弓形虫的部分保护作用。     

碳酸锂对放化疗癌症患者遗传损伤的抑制作用

目的：观察碳酸锂对癌症患者遗传损伤的抑制作用及对抗癌药毒副作用的影响。方法：用单细胞凝胶电泳法(SCGE)及外周血淋巴细胞微核(MN)试验检测碳酸锂对癌症患者的DNA及染色体损伤的抑制作用，并应用白细胞计数及尿素氮观察其对抗癌药毒副作用的影响。结果：癌症患者随着服用碳酸锂疗程的增加，外周血细胞遗传损伤程度逐渐减轻；抗癌药的骨髓抑制作用明显减弱。结论：碳酸锂与抗癌药联合应用时，对癌症患者有抗遗传损伤及升WBC作用。     

抗厌氧菌中草药的体外筛选

目前治疗厌氧菌感染的药物有多种,但各有利弊,均不理想,为此需发掘抗厌氧菌感染新药。作者用389种中草药的提取液,对12株厌氧菌分别进行体外抗菌活性测定,从中筛选出肉桂,大黄等几种有较显著抗厌氧菌作用的中药。 材料与方法 中草药的选择 根据《本草纲目》、《中药大辞典》等书籍,从中选出对痈肿疮疖、呼吸道或消化道等     

噬菌体宿主特异性变化的分子机制研究

噬菌体是细菌病毒,于1915年和1917年分别由Frederik Twort及 Felixd'Herelle发现.人们将噬菌体作为一种抗细菌感染的制剂来使用,并取得一定的研究成果,噬菌体研究一度成为研究热点.由于噬菌体具有严格的宿主特异性,这就限制了噬菌体治疗的发展.随着分子生物学的长足进展,人们对噬菌体及其宿主菌的相互作用、噬菌体寄生的基因控制及特异性吸附的分子生物学机制有了比较清楚的认识,可利用这些原理对噬菌体蛋白或基因进行有目的的人工改造,改变噬菌体的宿主谱,现就相关技术进行综述.     

利用噬菌体随机肽库技术分析丙肝患者血清中抗HCV抗体的表位

目的：分析患者血清中抗HCV抗体的抗原表位。方法：用Protein A亲和层析柱从患者血清中纯化、制备抗HCV多克隆抗体；以此对噬菌体表面展示的随机6肽库进行亲和筛选。结果：经具有良好富集效果的三轮筛选好，从第三轮挑选出的12个克隆进行结合试验，发现8个克隆只与HCV抗体有较强的结合力而不与正常人血清反应；测序表明阳性克隆的外源肽具有一定的相似性。用阳性噬菌体克隆检测20例患者血清，有程度不等的阳性反应。结论：用多克隆抗体从噬菌体随机肽库中筛选得到了有一定功能的模拟表位。     

中草药中发现新抗癌药物的途径

中草药的使用已有数千年的历史,对于各种疾病包括肿瘤的治疗都取得了十分宝贵的人体经验。丰富的中草药资源也为寻找新抗癌药提供了重要的物质基础。从传统中医药理论结合现代科学发现从4个方面阐述了进一步从中草药中发现新抗癌药的途径,以期对天然产物来源的新抗癌药物的发现起到一定的启发与促进作用。这4个方面分别是：根据传统中医理论发现抗癌药,包括清热解毒药、活血化瘀药、调节免疫药（补气扶正药）及有毒中草药（以毒攻毒）;从近年发现的抗肿瘤先导化合物中寻找;通过普筛或高通量筛选从中草药提取物中寻找和依据药用植物亲缘学的原理寻找。     

TNF结合肽和TNFR封闭肽的筛选及其鉴定

目的筛选能与TNF—α结合的环肽（称为TNF结合肽）以及既能与TNFR—1结合又不诱导TNFR相关生物学效应的环肽（称为TNFR封闭肽）。方法采用噬菌体随机肽库展示技术分别以hrTNF—α和hrTNFRI为诱饵进行亲和筛选，ELISA方法进行噬菌体特异性鉴定，应用细胞毒抑制实验和RT—PCR技术等进行噬菌体的生物学效应鉴定。根据噬菌体展示肽的DNA序列合成环肽。结果对肽库进行3轮筛选后，噬菌体克隆具有良好的富集效果；5种TNF结合噬菌体克隆（5、6、7、32及38号克隆）和2种TNFR封闭噬菌体（X2、X4号克隆）分别能与TNF-α和TNFR特异性结合，并且均能显著抑制sTNF—α对L929细胞和U937细胞的杀伤作用，TNFR封闭噬菌体不仅本身无促进U937细胞IL-1β mRNA转录的作用，而且还能有效抑制sTNF—α的生物学效应；并且发现x4与32号、x4与38号联用的细胞毒抑制效应均较其单独作用的效果好，其中X4与38号联用的抑制率高达85．3％，显著高于各自单独的抑制作用（P〈0．01）。选择32、38和x4号噬菌体克隆进行DNA测序并合成环肽。结论从噬菌体随机环肽库中筛选得到能够抑制sTNF-α生物学功能的TNF结合肽和TNFR封闭肽，为研制TNF相关的多肽类抗炎药物奠定了实验基础。     

中草药抑制乙肝病毒(HBV)实验研究进展

归纳出４种关于中草药抗ＨＢＶ实验研究方法：１）体外直接抑制ＨＢＶ实验；２）利用体外细胞培养系统进行抗ＨＢＶ实验；３）在动物体内抑制ＨＢＶ复制；４）通过调节免疫功能抑制ＨＢＶ，设想采用血清药理学的方法研究中草药抗ＨＢＶ作用，有可能避免不同体外实验及其与临床相矛盾的结果。     

从随机多肽库中筛选日本血吸虫抗原模拟表位诱导保护性免疫的研究

目的 从噬菌体随机肽库中筛选出能模拟日本血吸虫抗原表位的短肽分子，并测定其作为疫苗候选分子的潜能。方法 分别用正常及感染日本血吸虫的东方田鼠血清筛选在丝状噬菌体表面表达的随机十二肽库。经三轮亲和筛选后，随机挑取噬菌体克隆用ELISA检测其与日本血吸虫抗血清的反应。用混合噬菌体免疫小鼠并进行攻击感染。结果 随机挑取的12个克隆中，感染东方田鼠血清来源的噬菌体有10个克隆为阳性，正常血清来源的噬菌体有7个克隆为阳性。用感染东方田鼠血清筛到的噬菌体免疫小鼠诱导了部分保护作用（22．6％）及较高的肝卵减少率（68．9％）。然而，正常东方田鼠血清筛到的噬菌体没有保护效果。结论 感染及正常东方田鼠血清筛到的模拟表位具有免疫原性，提示随机肽库技术在日本血吸虫疫苗研制中有其潜在价值。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Acupuncture Treatment of Vomiting

CASE HISTORY A female patient, 46 years old, head of the foreign affairs department of a certain university in Beijing, paid her first visit on October 9, 2006, with the chief complaint of vomiting for one month. She got vomiting after meals in early September. Before that, she had discomfortable sensation in the stomach due to angry with others, but she didn't pay much attention. Later, it developed into vomiting after eating. After the vomiting, the discomfort would be relieved, but with slight hypodynamia. She was once diagnosed as having 'neurogenic vomiting'. Having taken some western and Chinese drugs, the above symptoms were a little bit improved, but she would have nausea upon eating and with regurgitation. Because of the fear for vomiting, she did not dare to have food intake, with body weight reduction of 6 kilos in one month.     

Qiu Baoguo''''s Experience in Treating Consumptive Syndromes after Radio-Chemotherapies

Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the important modern medical therapies for malignant tumors,yet they can also bring about serious local and systemic toxic side reactions so to decrease the patient;'s life quality,manifested by a series of consumptive symptoms.Having engaged in the combined work of Chinese and western medicine for nearly 50 years,the research fellow Qiu Baoguo in Henan Provincial Academy of TCM has developed his unique views on the TCM study of consumptive syndromes.The author of this essay had once the fortune tO follow Dr.Qiu in clinic,and specially would like to introduce in the following Dr.Qiu's experience in treating consumptive syndromes after radio-chemotherapies for patients with malignant tumor.     

Insomnia Due to Deficiency of Both the Heart and Spleen Treated by Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Chinese Tuina

OBJECTIVE: To observe therapeutic effects of the comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen. METHODS: 92 cases were divided randomly into the treatment group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina) and the control group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion). RESULTS: The therapeutic effect of the treatment group was obviously superior to that of the control group (the CHI2 test showed P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina can give marked therapeutic effects for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen.     

Analysis of CK-19,PDX-1,Nestin,Ngn3 in different donor islet purity in rats

Objective: To investigate if there are the CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 positive cells in the donor islets of different purity in rats. Methods: Thirty male adult SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups. Islets were isolated using digestion by ductal injection of collagenase. Group Ⅰ (n=10): Separating cell preparations were not purified, Group Ⅱ(n=10): Islet sediment was purified with 25% Ficoll400 ,Group Ⅲ (n=10): Islet sediment was purified with 25% and 11% Ficoll-400. The levels of protein of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin and Ngn3 were detected by immunohistochemistry and the mRNA of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 was amplified by RT-PCR. Results: After two different purification methods applied, three islet preparations of different purities were obtained. The difference of islet purity was significant among various groups (P＜0.05). Compared with group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ,the protein and mRNA of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin,Ngn3 were both higher in group Ⅰ; group Ⅲ was poorly expressed. Conclusions: The three different islet purity donor islet have different CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 positive cells within them, indicating that there are some islet stem cells in the purified donor islet.     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.