Construction,Expression and in vitro Biological Effects of Idiotype Ig Fab Fragment of B-Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

The purpose of this study was to construct expression vectors of idiotype （Id） SmIg in patients with B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia and to express them in E.coli to obtain recombinant Id, and to investigate the effect of the protein on the proliferation and secretion of IL-2 and IFN-γ of stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells （PBMC） in vitro. Light chain gene and Fd fragment of heavy chain gene were inserted into fd-tet-DOG2 vector to construct fd-tet-DOG2-Fab. Fab gene was further cloned into expression vector pHEN2 to construct the soluble expression vector pHEN2-Fab. After induction by IPTG, Fab protein was purified by Ni-NTA-chromatography. MTT was used to determine the effects of purified protein on the proliferation of stimulated PBMC in vitro and the concentrations of IL-2 and IFN-γ in the culture supernatants were detected by ELISA. The results showed that recombinant pHEN2-Fab expression vector was constructed successfully. Fab protein was expressed in positive clone after induced by IPTG and two specific bands at 24-25 kD position were observed by SDS-PAGE electrophoresis. Proliferation of PBMC could be induced by purified Fab and the concentrations of IL-2 and IFN-γ in culture supernatants were increased significantly af- ter induction. It was suggested that the expression vector of SmIg Fab fragment was constructed suc- cessfully, and expressed and secreted from E. coli. The Fab protein could induce proliferation of PBMC and promote secretion of IL-2 and IFN-γ.     

Functional expression of voltage-gated sodium channels Nav1.5 in human breast caner cell line MDA-MB-231

Voltage-gated sodium channels （VGSCs） are known to be involved in the initiation and progression of many malignancies, and the different subtypes of VGSCs play important roles in the metastasis cascade of many tumors. This study investigated the functional expression of Nav1.5 and its effect on invasion behavior of human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231. The mRNA and protein expression of Nav1.5 was detected by real time PCR, Western Blot and immunofluorescence. The effects of Nav1.5 on cell proliferation, migration and invasion were respectively assessed by MTT and Transwell. The effects of Nav1.5 on the secretion of matrix metalloproteases （MMPs） by MDA-MB-231 were analyzed by RT-PCR. The over-expressed Nav 1.5 was present on the membrane of MDA-MB-231 cells. The invasion ability in vitro and the MMP-9 mRNA expression were respectively decreased to （47.82±0.53）% and （43.97±0.64）% （P〈0.05） respectively in MDA-MB-23 t cells treated with VGSCs specific inhibitor tetrodotoxin （TTX） by blocking Navl.5 activity. It was concluded that Navl.5 functional expression potentiated the invasive behavior of human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 by increasing the secretion of MMP-9.     

Effects of Trichostatin A on HDAC8 Expression, Proliferation and Cell Cycle of Molt-4 Cells

The effects of Trichostatin A (TSA) on histone deacetylase 8 (HDAC8) expression, proliferation and cell cycle arrest in T-lymphoblastic leukemia cell line Molt-4 cells in vitro were investigated. The effect of TSA on the growth of Molt-4 cells was studied by MTT assay. Flow cytometry was used to examine the cell cycle. The expression of HDAC8 was detected by using immunocyto-chemistry and Western blot. The results showed that proliferation of Molt-4 cells was inhibited in TSA-treated group in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The IC50 of TSA exposures for 24 h and 36 h were 254.3236 and 199.257μg/L respectively. The cell cycle analysis revealed that Molt-4 was mostly in G0/G1 phase, and after treatment with TSA from 50 to 400μg/L for 24 h, the percents of G0/G1 cells were decreased and cells were arrested in G2/M phase. Treatment of TSA for 24 h could significantly inhibit the expression of HDAC8 protein in Molt-4 cells (P<0.01). It was concluded that TSA could decrease the expression of HD AC8 in Molt-4 cells, which contributed to the inhibition of proliferation and induction of cell cycle arrest in Molt-4 cells.     

The effect of endogenous transforming growth factor β_1 on the growth of bladder cancer cells in vitro

Objective To investigate the influence of endogenous transforming growth factor β1(TGFβ1) on the cell cycle regulation and proliferation of bladder cancer. Methods A constructed replication defective retroviral vector pRevTβ-AS, which carried antisense RNA of TGFβ1.was transfected to a bladder cancer cell line EJ. The proliferation and clone-formation of transferred cells were observed in vitro,and the alteration of cell cycle was also detected by flow cytometric analysis. Results TGFβ1 antisense RNA was transferred into EJ cell and expressed efficiently. After the inhibition of target gene expression in EJ cells, the reduced growth and clone-formation rates were demonstrated, and the proliferative indexes were decreased by 12 % . The ratios of GO and G1 stage cells to June 2003 Vol12 No2 the antisense RNA-transfected EJ cells were increased, simultaneously,the ratio of S stage cells to the antisense RNA-transfected EJ cells ratios were decreased, compared with the control group. Conclusion The pro     

Paris saponin I induces G<Subscript>2</Subscript>/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human gastric carcinoma SGC7901 cells

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Paris saponinⅠ(PSⅠ)on human gas-tric carcinoma cell growth and apoptosis and to explore the potential mechanisms.The proliferation of SGC7901 cells was monitored by the MTT cell viability assay,while the nuclear morphology of apoptotic cells was assessed by Hoechst 33258 staining.Flow cytometry was performed to analyze the cell cycle progression of propidium iodide(PI)-stained SGC7901 cells and the apoptotic rate of annex-inⅤ/PI-stained cells.Western blotting was used to examine the expression of several cell cycle proteins,including cyclin B1 and Cdk1,and the apoptosis-regulated proteins Bcl-2,Bax,cytochrome c,procas-pase-9,and procaspase-3.The MTT assay demonstrated that PSⅠ could induce significant dose-and time-dependent inhibition of SGC7901 cell proliferation.Marked morphological changes,including condensation of chromatin,nuclear fragmentation and apoptotic bodies were clearly shown on Hoechst 33258 staining.PSⅠ treatment also resulted in the disruption of the cell cycle at G2/M and the induction of apoptosis.Following PSⅠ treatment,the cell cycle-related proteins cyclin B1 and Cdk1 were down-regulated.Expression of the pro-apoptotic protein Bax was increased,while anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 decreased.PSⅠ treatment resulted in elevated cytoplasmic cytochrome c and activation of the apoptotic proteases caspase-9 and caspase-3.These data indicate that PSⅠ acts as an inhibitor of proliferation in SGC7901 cells by inducing cell cycle arrest and mitochondria-dependent apoptosis.PSⅠ is a potential therapeutic agent against human gastric carcinoma.     

The cellular and molecular mechanism of laminin-glycopeptides on anti-metastasis

Objective To further study the anti-metastasis mechanism of laminin-glycopeptides on carcinoma cell proliferation, apoptosis and the secretion of matrix metalloproteinases. Methods Human hepatocellular carcinoma cells in serum free medium were incubated on laminin-coated substrate with or without laminin-glycopeptides at a final concentration of 50 μg/ml. The total number of surviving cells after incubating for the indicated time was assayed by MTT assay. DNA synthesis of the incubated cells was detected by (3)H-TdR incorporation.Cell cycle was analysed by FACS.The mitotic index of Giemsa stained cells was assessed.Cell apoptosis was detected by both FACS and an acridine orange staining method.Matrix metalloproteinase secretion was analysed by gelatin zymography. Results The total number of surviving cells incubated on laminin in the absence of laminin-glycopeptides was significantly larger than that in the presence of laminin-glycopeptides. Laminin promoted (3)H-TdR incorporation of carcinoma cells, decreased the percentage of cells in G1 phase and increased the percentage of cells in S phase.In contrast, laminin-glycopeptides could inhibit the effect of laminin as shown by (3)H-TdR incorporation and cell cycle analysis. The percentage of cells in G2+M phase and the mitotic index among various groups showed no significant difference.Matrix metalloproteinases secretion from cells treated by laminin-glycopeptides was much less compared to that without the treatment by laminin-glycopeptides. Conclusion Laminin may stimulate cell proliferation, while laminin-glycopeptides could significantly inhibit the effect of laminin by inhibiting DNA synthesis and arresting the carcinoma cell cycle from G1 to S phase.These effects may inhibit not only tumor growth of the primary carcinoma, but also the establishment of metastases at ectopic tissues. Laminin-glycopeptides could also inhibit the secretion of matrix metalloproteinases from carcinoma cells and this may contribute to their decreased invasive and metastatic phenotype. This study further revealed the cellular and molecular mechanism of laminin-glycopeptides on anti-metastasis.     

Curcumin down-regulates PCNA, cyclin D1 and Bcl-XL expression in human keratinocyte cell lines

Objective：To evaluate the effects of curcumin on regulating the proliferation,cell cycle distribution,apoptosis and relevant mechanisms in keratinocyte cell lines.Methods：The human immortalized human keratinocyte lines（HaCaT cells） were treated with different doses of curcumin.The effects of curcumin on cell viability were measured by MTT assay,and the cell cycle distribution and apoptosis determined by flow cytometry.The mRNA expression changes of proliferating cell nuclear antigen（PCNA）,cyclin D1 and Bcl-xL were from real-time PCR analysis and the protein levels were detected by Western blotting.Results：Data obtained in the study showed that curcumin could cause significantly inhibitory effect on proliferation in HaCaT cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner.Cell arrest at G1/S phase and significant apoptosis were observed after being treated with curcumin for 24 h.In association with these,the expression of PCNA,cyclin D1 and Bcl-xL were decreased both at mRNA and protein levels for the same treatment.Conclusion：Curcumin can inhibit proliferation,induce cell arrest at G1/S phase and cause apoptosis in HaCaT cells.The decreased expression of PCNA,cyclin D1 and Bcl-xL induced by curcumin contributes to the above effects in vitro.     

Effect of Cigarette Smoke Extract on the Proliferation of Human Airway Epithelial Cells and Expression and Activation of FAK

The effect of cigarette smoke extract (CSE) on the proliferation of human airway epithelial cells and the possible mechanism was studied. After airway epithelial cells were treated with different concentrations of CSE for 24 h, the cell proliferation was measured by MTT and the distribution of different cell cycles by flow cytometry. The FAK expression level was detected by Western blot and the degree of tyrosine phosphorylation by immunoprecipitation. The results showed that CSE could inhibit the proliferation of human airway epithelial cells, arrest the epithelial cells in G1 phase of cell cycle, dramatically decrease the number of epithelial cells in S and G2 phases； Meanwhile CSE could decrease the expression level of FAK and the degree of its tyrosine phosphorylation. The above effects of CSE were concentration-dependent. The expression of FAK and the degree of its phosphorylation was positively correlated to the increased number of epithelial cells in G1 phase, and negatively to the number of epithelial cells in S and G2 phases. It was concluded that the mechanism by which CSE could inhibit the proliferation of human epithelial cells was contributed to the increased expression and activation of FAK.     

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factorl65-regulated Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cell Lines Invasion and Migration Involve Expression and Activation of Matrix Metalloproteinase-2

The effect of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) overexpression on matrix met-alloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells in vitro and the possible mechanism involved were investigated, and the correlation between the expression of VEGF and MMP-2 in NPC evaluated. The NPC cells were transfected with PAd-trackVEGF165 plasmid. The expression levels of VEGF and MMP-2 mRNA and protein in NPC cells were detected by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot respectively. It was found that the expression of VEGF and MMP-2 mRNA and protein was significantly increased in NPC cells after transfection of VEGF165. It was concluded that the expression of VEGF was correlated to the in vitro invasion of NPC cells, and the induction of MMP-2 by VEGF was a key process of NPC cell invasion.     

乳腺浸润性导管癌中COX-2、MMP-2的表达与细胞增殖的关系

目的探讨环氧化酶-2（COX-2）和基质金属蛋白酶-2（MMP-2）蛋白在乳腺浸润性导管癌组织中的表达及其与细胞增殖的关系。方法应用免疫组织化学法检测52例乳腺浸润性导管癌组织中COX-2、MMP-2和Ki-67蛋白的表达情况。结果乳腺浸润性导管癌组织中COX-2的阳性表达率为57．7％（30／52），MMP-2的阳性表达率为82．7％（43／52），在乳腺浸润性导管癌组织中COX-2、MMP-2蛋白的表达之间存在显著正相关（r=0．498，P〈0．01）。COX-2、MMP-2阳性组Ki-67指数明显高于COX-2、MMP-2阴性组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论乳腺浸润性导管癌组织中存在COX-2、MMP-2的高表达。COX-2蛋白可通过诱导MMP-2蛋白的表达上调，增加乳腺癌细胞的侵袭力，并促进肿瘤细胞增殖，从而成为其促进乳腺癌浸润、转移的因素之一。     

HBV对肝癌细胞系HepG2和HepG2.2.15中MMP-2及MMP-9的表达影响

目的研究基质金属蛋白酶2(MMP-2)、MMP-9在肝细胞癌(HCC)细胞系HepG2和HepG2.2.15中的表达情况,探讨乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)对肝癌细胞系(HepG2,HepG2.2.15)中MMP-2、MMP-9表达的影响及其与癌细胞侵袭转移之间的关系。方法用明胶酶谱法检测HepG2细胞和稳定转染了HBV质粒的HepG2.2.15细胞中MMP-2和MMP-9的表达情况,观察两种细胞的某些生物学活性,用细胞生长曲线检测两者的生长速度。结果明胶酶谱法检测HepG2细胞中MMP-9的表达水平高于HepG2.2.15细胞(P<0.05),而两者MMP-2的表达差异不显著(P>0.05)。细胞生长曲线显示HepG2细胞的生长速度快于HepG2.2.15细胞。结论通过体外鉴定肝细胞癌细胞系HepG2细胞和HepG2.2.15细胞生长状态的差异,揭示了HBV的细胞内感染过程中HBV对肝细胞癌的生长具有一定的影响。HBV可影响明胶酶MMP-2和MMP-9的分泌及活性,进而对肿瘤的侵袭转移产生一定的影响。     

CTGF基因转染对宫颈癌细胞MMP-2、MMP-9表达及细胞增殖的影响

目的:研究结缔组织生长因子(connective tissue growth factor,CTGF)基因对人宫颈癌Hela细胞基质金属蛋白酶-2(MMP-2)、基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)表达及细胞增殖的影响,探讨CTGF在宫颈癌侵袭和转移中的作用机制。方法:经脂质体介导将含有CTGF重组表达质粒转染人宫颈癌Hela细胞株,用G418筛选阳性细胞克隆及实时荧光定量PCR、蛋白质印迹鉴定;采用实时荧光定量PCR和蛋白质印迹法检测阳性克隆细胞MMP-2及MMP-9的表达;噻唑盐(MTT)比色法检测阳性细胞克隆的增殖活性。结果:成功建立稳定高表达CTGF的阳性Hela细胞克隆,证实其MMP-2、MMP-9表达及细胞增殖活性均显著增高。结论:CTGF转染可显著增加宫颈癌细胞MMP-2及MMP-9的表达并促进其细胞增殖,CTGF可能是宫颈癌基因治疗的潜在靶点。     

丹芍颗粒对体外培养大鼠系膜细胞MMP-2、MMP-9表达的影响

目的：研究丹芍颗粒含药血清对大鼠系膜细胞增殖抑制作用及MMP-2、MMP-9 mRNA表达的影响,从细胞因子、基因表达及其调控的角度探讨丹芍颗粒治疗紫癜性肾炎的作用机理。方法：采用CCK-8法观察含药血清对HBEH的增殖抑制率,RT-PCR法检测系膜细胞MMP-2、MMP-9 mRNA表达水平。结果：不同浓度的丹芍颗粒血清对细胞增值影响不同;经LPS诱导HBEH细胞增殖后MMP-2、MMP-9 mRNA表达量明显升高（与正常组比较,P〈0.05）,而丹芍高剂量组、丹芍低剂量组、生理盐水对照组MMP-2、MMP-9 mRNA表达量与LPS组比较均降低（与LPS组比较P〈0.01）。结论：丹芍颗粒含药血清具有抑制大鼠系膜细胞增生的作用,能够下调经LPS诱导HBEH细胞增殖后MMP-2、MMP-9 mRNA的表达水平,可能是其发挥作用的主要机制之一。     

SphK1与食管癌侵袭和转移的关系

目的 探讨鞘氨醇激酶1(SphKl)通路在食管癌侵袭和转移中的作用及临床意义。方法 采用Real-time PCR和Western blot检测SphKl在食管癌组织中的表达,设计构建SphKl靶向shRNA质粒,建立SphKl稳定沉默的细胞系。MTT和Transwell法检测SphKl基因沉默对EC-1细胞增殖、侵袭的影响,明胶酶谱检测其对基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)和MMP-2分泌的影响。结果 SphKl的mRNA和蛋白质表达水平与侵袭能力明显相关。SphKl-siRNA能显著抑制EC-1细胞的增殖和侵袭,并能显著抑制EC-1细胞的MMP-9和MMP-2蛋白分泌。结论 SphKl与食管癌侵袭和转移关系密切,转染靶向SphKl基因的siRNA序列能够抑制食管癌EC-1细胞的增殖和侵袭,其机制与抑制MMP-9和MMP-2蛋白分泌密切相关。     

膀胱移行细胞癌组织中MMP-2、MMP-9和CD147表达及相互关系

目的：探讨膀胱移行细胞癌组织基质金属蛋白酶-2、9（MMP-2、MMP-9）和细胞外基质金属蛋白酶诱导因子（CD147）的表达和相互关系。方法：采用免疫组织化学sP法检测48例膀胱移行细胞癌组织及16例正常膀胱黏膜组织MMP-2、MMP-9和CD147的表达情况,比较不同临床、病理特征膀胱移行细胞癌患者CD147和MMP-2、MMP-9的表达及其相关性。结果：膀胱移行细胞癌组织中MMP-2、MMP-9和CD147的阳性表达率分别100％、95．8％、95．8％,均明显高于正常膀胱黏膜组织（P均〈0．05）;其阳性表达与肿瘤的病理分级、临床分期呈正相关（P〈0．05）,与临床预后无显著相关（P〉0．05）;膀胱移行细胞癌组织CD147与MMP-2、MMP-9多同时表达,呈现出显著正相关,相关系数分别为0．784、0．853（P〈0．001）。结论：MMP-2、MMP-9、CD147在膀胱移行细胞癌发展中可能起着重要的作用。MMP-2和MMP-9的分泌增加可能与CD147的诱导促进作用有关系。     

小RNA干扰MMP-2基因表达对结直肠癌细胞生物学特性的影响

目的探讨小RNA干扰基质金属蛋白酶2（MMP-2）基因表达对结直肠癌细胞生物学特性的影响。方法收集结直肠癌病人的结直肠癌组织及正常的癌旁组织,Western blotting检测MMP-2表达水平。取结直肠癌细胞SW620作为对照组,将MMP-2 siRNA、siRNA control转染至结直肠癌细胞中,Western blotting检测转染48 h后MMP-2 siRNA组、siRNA control组和对照组细胞中MMP-2水平,MTT法检测各组细胞存活情况,流式细胞术检测各组细胞凋亡变化,Western blotting检测各组细胞中B细胞淋巴瘤/白血病-2（Bcl-2）、β-连环蛋白（β-catenin）、Bcl-2相关X蛋白（Bax）、下游靶基因C-myc、细胞周期蛋白D1（cyclin D1）水平。结直肠癌细胞与Wnt/β-catenin信号通路抑制剂FH535作用后,测定抑制剂组和未处理组（不加抑制剂）细胞增殖、凋亡变化,同时检测细胞中Bcl-2、β-catenin、Bax、C-myc、cyclin D1蛋白变化。结果结直肠癌组织中MMP-2蛋白表达水平明显高于癌旁组织（P < 0.01）。MMP-2 siRNA组MMP-2水平均低于对照组和siRNA control组（P < 0.05）,细胞存活率低于对照组（P < 0.05）,细胞凋亡率均高于对照组和siRNA control组（P < 0.05）。Bcl-2、β-catenin、C-myc、cyclin D1水平均低于对照组和siRNA control组（P < 0.05）,Bax水平均高于对照组和siRNA control组（P < 0.05）。Wnt/β-catenin信号通路抑制剂作用后,抑制剂组细胞存活率低于未处理组（P < 0.05）,细胞凋亡率高于未处理组（P < 0.05）,Bcl-2、β-catenin、C-myc、cyclin D1水平均明显低于未处理组（P < 0.01）,Bax水平明显高于未处理组（P < 0.01）,与转染MMP-2 siRNA的结直肠癌细胞一致。结论MMP-2在结直肠癌组织中表达上调,抑制MMP-2的结直肠癌细胞增殖受到抑制,凋亡增多,其作用机制与Wnt/β-catenin信号通路有关。     

外源性antizyme 1基因转染对SH-SY5Y细胞的生物学影响

目的 研究antizyme 1(AZl)基因对成人神经廇SH-SY5Y细胞增殖、细胞周期及凋亡的影响.方法 将构建好的AZ1基因重组真核表达载体pAZ1m稳定转染SH-SY5Y细胞.通过MTT法检测细胞增殖变化,流式细胞术分析AZ1转染对细胞周期及凋亡的影响.RT-PCR与Western blotting检测AZ1基因转染对cyclin D1和caspase-3表达的影响,caspase-3试剂盒检测酶活性变化.结果 稳定转染SH-SY5Y细胞后,检测结果显示AZ1基因转染能够减慢SH-SY5Y细胞增殖速度,并使细胞停滞于G0/G1期.在cyclin D1基因表达抑制的同时,caspase-3基因表达上调.酶活性测定显示Caspase-3活性上升.结论 AZ1基因能够抑制SH-SY5Y细胞增殖,通过降低cyclin D1的表达阻滞细胞周期于G0/G1期,并上调caspase-3表达促进SH-SY5Y细胞凋亡.     

LPA1介导溶血磷脂酸对卵巢癌细胞系基质金属蛋白酶2和9释放与活化的调控作用

目的:将溶血磷脂酸(LPA)受体LPA1基因的质粒载体导入卵巢癌细胞系SKOV3和3AO,建立高表达LPA1的卵巢癌细胞株,观察转染细胞株的生物学特性,探讨LPA对稳定表达LPA1的人卵巢癌细胞株基质金属蛋白酶2和9(MMP-2和MMP-9)表达及活性的影响.方法:用脂质体介导法将pcDNA3.1flag-LPA1转入...     

他克莫思对rhHGF刺激ECV304细胞株表达MMP-的抑制作用

目的探讨重组人类肝细胞增殖因子(rhHGF)刺激ECV304细胞株表达基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)的作用及他克莫思(Tacrolimus,FK506)的抑制作用.方法绘制正常ECV304细胞株生长曲线,明确最适生长浓度及对数生长期;明确rhHGF及FK506的作用浓度;流式细胞仪(FCM)检测ECV304细胞株的MMP-9水平.结果①ECV304细胞的最适生长浓度为1.0E+4/ml,对数生长期为3～5 d;rhHGF的作用浓度为8 ng/ml,IC50为8.27 ng/ml;FK506的作用浓度为50 ng/ml,IC50为51.63 ng/ml.②对照组MMP-9的表达量为39.74%;培养基中加入rhHGF 8 ng/ml后,细胞存活率为1.388169±0.102033(P<0.01),MMP-9的表达量为40.32%;培养基中加入FK506 50 ng/ml后,细胞存活率为0.398764±0.092476(P<0.01),MMP-9的表达量为14.61%;培养基中加入FK506 50 ng/ml 15 min后加入rhHGF 8 ng/ml,细胞存活率为0.767203±0.02639(P<0.01),MMP-9的表达量为35.08%.结论rhHGF可刺激ECV304细胞增殖,使MMP-9的表达量增加;FK506可抑制ECV304细胞增殖,使MMP-9的表达量降低;FK506可拮抗rhHGF所引起的ECV304细胞增殖,从而使MMP-9的表达量降低.