胰头动脉分布解剖学研究及其临床意义

目的 观察胰头动脉的分布及血液供应,并对胰头的血管分布规律及临床意义进行阐述.方法 24例成人尸体标本和4例儿童尸体标本采用甲醛固定、动脉乳胶灌注、ABS动脉铸型3种方法,22例临床血管造影检查者采用数字减影血管造影技术(DSA)系统地对胰头动脉分布和血液供应进行解剖学观察.结果 胰十二指肠上前动脉出现率为100%,起源于胃十二指肠动脉,发出分支到十二指肠和胰头供应血液;胰十二指肠上后动脉出现率为98%,起源于胃十二指肠动脉者占96%.供血范围与胰十二指肠上前动脉基本一致.在走行过程中与胆总管之间有着螺旋盘绕关系;胰十二指肠下前动脉和胰十二指肠下后动脉出现率均为100%,起源于肠系膜上动脉、空肠动脉,起点变异较大.血液供应至胰头下1/3部分和邻近的十二指肠.结论 胰十二指肠上后动脉血供丰富,且与胆总管螺旋盘绕,临床手术中应加以注意;胰十二指肠下前、后动脉单独或共干起源于空肠动脉应在其进入胰头前,于钩突的左缘处结扎,避免误扎空肠动脉.     

MRI 3D-VIBE序列联合MRCP在胰胆管十二指肠连接区癌鉴别诊断中的价值

目的 探讨磁共振三维容积式内插值法屏气检查(MRI 3D-VIBE)序列联合磁共振胆胰管成像(MRCP)在胰胆管十二指肠连接区癌(PDDUC)诊断和鉴别诊断中的价值.方法 59例经手术病理或临床随访证实的PDDUC患者(胰头癌34例,胆总管下段癌14例,壶腹癌11例),行常规MRI、MRCP及3D-VIBE动态增强扫描,观察肿瘤形态学特点;计算病灶的信噪比(SNR)及对比噪声比(CNR);测量胰胆管汇合角、胰胆管末端间距、十二指肠主乳头至扩张的胰胆管末端的距离、胆总管直径、胰管直径. 结果 胰头癌、胆总管下段癌和壶腹癌3组间病灶最大径、中心位置、边缘情况和病灶均匀度,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).胰头癌较易累及胰周血管,胆总管下段癌和壶腹癌均未见邻近血管受累征象.胰头癌组的胰胆管汇合角度、十二指肠主乳头至胰胆管梗阻端的距离及胰胆管末端间距均大于胆总管下段癌和壶腹癌组;"四管征"多见于胰头癌.门脉期胆总管下段癌SNR高于胰头癌和壶腹癌组(P<0.05),动脉早期和动脉晚期3组间比较差异无统计学意义.门脉期胆总管下段癌信号强度稍高于胰腺实质.结论 MRI 3D-VIBE序列联合MRCP能较好显示不同类型PDDUC的形态学特征和强化特点,能较好显示胰胆管的细微差别,有助于胰头癌、胆总管下段癌和壶腹癌的诊断和鉴别诊断.     

胰十二指肠切除消化道重建术16例

目的:提高胰头壶腹周围以及胆总管下段占位性病变的切除率,减少术后并发症,降低病死率。方法:16例胰头及壶腹周围及胆总管下段占位性病变,采用两种不同的重建手术方式进行疗效比较。结果:行胰肠重建改进术7例,无并发症发生;行未改进术9例,并发胰瘘2例(12.5%)。结论:胰十二指肠切除术中最关键、问题最多、并发症发生率最高的是胰肠重建,采用稳妥的方法,可降低并发症的发生率。     

胰腺头部血管的配布关系及临床意义

目的通过对胰腺头部各血管的解剖,熟悉和掌握这些血管的来源、走行及相互之间的配布关系,为临床手术提供参考。方法解剖20具成人尸体标本,对胰腺头部各血管进行解剖观测,并使用统计软件处理数据。结果（1）胰头前、后动脉弓及其构成血管的出现率非常恒定,此二弓向十二指肠发出多条分支,成为胰头及十二指肠血供的主要来源。（2）十二指肠乳头动脉：为后动脉弓发出的一条二级分支。（3）钩突动脉：为胰背动脉右支的1条下降支,在胰头内与前、后动脉弓的分支形成吻合。（4）胰后段肠系膜上静脉及门静脉的长度明显长于胰颈的宽度。结论掌握胰腺头部血管的配布关系,正确判断胰腺的切除范围,是避免各种并发症的关键。     

胰十二指肠切除术治疗壶腹部癌和胰头癌疗效的比较

壶腹部癌是指肝胰壶腹周围2cm范围内的恶性肿瘤，包括肝胰壶腹本身、胆总管末段、乳头内胰管、毗邻十二指肠乳头的十二指肠降段的恶性肿瘤，通常也将胰头癌包括其中，又称壶腹部周围癌。近年来，随着新的腹部影像学、内镜和经皮穿刺检查技术的发展，壶腹部周围癌的发现率有明显上升趋势。壶腹部癌与胰头癌手术治疗的方式仍以胰十二指肠切除术为主，但两者的疗效有所差别，现将我院近十年收治病例的情况报道并分析如下。     

CT误诊为胰头癌的壶腹部区肿物12例分析

壶腹部是主胰管与胆总管在十二指肠降部后内侧壁中汇合,形成略膨大的部位,开口于十二指肠乳头.由于其解剖位置特殊,位于胰头内或与胰头紧密相连,而且上述结构解剖关系密切,所发生的肿瘤易相互侵犯,CT表现复杂且有较多相同点.为了加深认识,提高诊断准确率,笔者回顾性分析2005年3月至2006年12月CT误诊为胰头癌的壶腹区各类病变12例(包括误诊为肿瘤的胰头炎症3例)、进一步探讨壶腹部区病变鉴别诊断,提高壶腹病变CT诊断的准确率.     

胰头癌患者围手术期护理

胰头癌是一种恶性程度高、诊断和治疗困难的消化道肿瘤,其临近乏特式(Vater)壶腹,可压迫胆总管和主胰管而使其梗阻。临床多有黄疸、发热、腹痛、纳差、乏力、消瘦等症状,治疗一般行胰、十二指肠切除。胰头癌术后的患者管道多且置管时间长,护理量大,现将护理经验报告如下。1临床     

胰十二指肠切除手术的临床护理

胰十二指肠切除术是治疗壶腹部恶性肿瘤包括胰头癌、十二指肠恶性肿瘤壶腹周围癌等疾病的主要手术方式之一,其手术范围包括胰头部、十二指肠、空肠上段、胃窦部、胆总管等,同时还要进行胰胃、胆肠吻合等消化道重建,手术复杂且创伤大,易出现多种严重的并发症.因此,术后护理及其重要.2008年8月～2009年6月,我科共收治了18例胰十二指肠切除术手术忠者,通过术后的严密观察和护理,均取得良好的效果.     

胰十二指肠切除36例分析

我院在 1 990年 5月至 2 0 0 0年 5月 ,共施行胰十二指肠切除术 36例 ,取得良好的治疗效果 ,无手术死亡。现总结报告如下。1　临床资料1 .1　一般资料 :本组 36例 ,男 2 4例 ,女 1 2例 ;年龄30～ 68岁。其中胰头癌 1 9例 ,胆总管下段癌 5例 ,乏特壶腹癌 6例 ,慢性胰腺炎 3例 ,胃癌侵犯胰头 2例 ,大肠癌侵犯胰头十二指肠 1例。1 .2　手术方法 :本组病例的切除范围 :行标准胰十二指肠切除 ,即切除胃窦、胆总管及胆囊、胰头、十二指肠和空肠上端。重建方式 :按 child术式重建。其中 ,2 2例行胰空肠端端套入式吻合 ,1 4例行胰空肠端侧粘膜吻合。…     

梗阻黄疸的诊断及治疗（二）

二、胰、十二指肠切除术　　胰、十二指肠切除术是治疗壶腹周围癌的主要方法。壶腹周围癌包括:胰头癌、壶腹癌、胆总管下端癌及十二指肠癌。1　胰、十二指肠切除术的创立世界上第一例胰、十二指肠切除手术者是美国AllenOldfatherwhipple医生。他在纽约长老会医院(preshyte...     

Acupuncture Treatment of Vomiting

CASE HISTORY A female patient, 46 years old, head of the foreign affairs department of a certain university in Beijing, paid her first visit on October 9, 2006, with the chief complaint of vomiting for one month. She got vomiting after meals in early September. Before that, she had discomfortable sensation in the stomach due to angry with others, but she didn't pay much attention. Later, it developed into vomiting after eating. After the vomiting, the discomfort would be relieved, but with slight hypodynamia. She was once diagnosed as having 'neurogenic vomiting'. Having taken some western and Chinese drugs, the above symptoms were a little bit improved, but she would have nausea upon eating and with regurgitation. Because of the fear for vomiting, she did not dare to have food intake, with body weight reduction of 6 kilos in one month.     

Qiu Baoguo''''s Experience in Treating Consumptive Syndromes after Radio-Chemotherapies

Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the important modern medical therapies for malignant tumors,yet they can also bring about serious local and systemic toxic side reactions so to decrease the patient;'s life quality,manifested by a series of consumptive symptoms.Having engaged in the combined work of Chinese and western medicine for nearly 50 years,the research fellow Qiu Baoguo in Henan Provincial Academy of TCM has developed his unique views on the TCM study of consumptive syndromes.The author of this essay had once the fortune tO follow Dr.Qiu in clinic,and specially would like to introduce in the following Dr.Qiu's experience in treating consumptive syndromes after radio-chemotherapies for patients with malignant tumor.     

Insomnia Due to Deficiency of Both the Heart and Spleen Treated by Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Chinese Tuina

OBJECTIVE: To observe therapeutic effects of the comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen. METHODS: 92 cases were divided randomly into the treatment group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina) and the control group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion). RESULTS: The therapeutic effect of the treatment group was obviously superior to that of the control group (the CHI2 test showed P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina can give marked therapeutic effects for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen.     

Analysis of CK-19,PDX-1,Nestin,Ngn3 in different donor islet purity in rats

Objective: To investigate if there are the CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 positive cells in the donor islets of different purity in rats. Methods: Thirty male adult SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups. Islets were isolated using digestion by ductal injection of collagenase. Group Ⅰ (n=10): Separating cell preparations were not purified, Group Ⅱ(n=10): Islet sediment was purified with 25% Ficoll400 ,Group Ⅲ (n=10): Islet sediment was purified with 25% and 11% Ficoll-400. The levels of protein of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin and Ngn3 were detected by immunohistochemistry and the mRNA of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 was amplified by RT-PCR. Results: After two different purification methods applied, three islet preparations of different purities were obtained. The difference of islet purity was significant among various groups (P＜0.05). Compared with group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ,the protein and mRNA of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin,Ngn3 were both higher in group Ⅰ; group Ⅲ was poorly expressed. Conclusions: The three different islet purity donor islet have different CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 positive cells within them, indicating that there are some islet stem cells in the purified donor islet.     

A preliminary screening study on the associated proteins in human psoriasis vulgaris by serum proteomics technologies

Objective：To investigate the optimum screening conditions of associated proteins in human psoriasis vulgaris by serum proteomics technique, and to screen the different expression proteins related with psoriasis vulgaris. Methods：Serum samples of peripheral blood were collected from newly diagnosed psoriasis vulgaris patients in the clinic, and 20 matched healthy persons. Serum albumin IgG was removed by filtering with ProteoExtract Albumin/IgG. After comparative proteomics analysis the different protein spots were identified using 2-DE and MS. Results ：Electrophoresis figures with high resolution and reproducibility were obtained. Three different expression proteins were found only in the serum from psoriasis vulgaris patients, while nine other different proteins expressing from healthy volunteers. Conclusion：The protein expression was different in the serum between the psoriasis vulgaris patients and healthy volunteers. It was hoped that we could find the biomarkers related to psoriasis vulgaris by using proteomics.     

A CASE OF HUGE GASTRIC DISOPYROBEZOAR

PYTOBEZOARS are common bezoars in gastrontestinal tract, commonly seen in stomach and mall intestine,1but huge disopyrobezoars are     

Acupuncture Treatment of Chest Bi Syndrome

CASE HISTORY A male,a retired officer of 61 years old,paid his first visit on May 12,2006.The patient stated that 2 weeks before he suddenly got paroxysmal precordial choking pain,with irregular attacks.Each attack would last several seconds to several minutes.The attack was accompanied with heavy oppressed sensation in the precordial region,palpitation,lassitude,and in severe cases,sweating,which was once diagnosed by a hospital as'coronary heart disease'.Recalling the case history,the patient said that several days before he got angry with others because of some affairs in work,and he was not so used to the life pattern since he had just retired from his busy working post.At usual times,he was quick tempered and peevish.In recent days,he had poor appetite,and loose stool.     

Instructions to Contributors

The English edition of Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine is edited and published by the Chinese Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine Press.Original scientific papers of advanced clinical and experimental medicine in the field of complementary/alternative medicine or integrative medicine are expected.