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1.
膳食多样化,即在特定时期内摄入不同类别食物或同一食物组内不同食物。膳食多样化是提高膳食质量的关键,世界各国通过膳食指南指导居民增加摄入食物的种类以达到改善体质、预防慢性病的营养目标。本文就膳食多样化评价方法及其与营养和健康状况的关系进行综述,为膳食评价方法的研究提供参考依据。  相似文献   

2.
李春雨  沙怡梅  赵耀  黄磊 《中国全科医学》2010,13(10):1076-1078
目的 为婴幼儿膳食营养的调查提供更方便的工具.方法 采用不同的计量,根据测量出的不同食物的体积和重量,再用拍摄的方法制作出不同食物的图片并装订成册.结果 制作了不同容器和食物的图谱,容器包括碗、勺子、杯子;食物包括粮食类、蛋类和豆制品类、肉类、蔬菜类、水果类、零食类.结论 婴幼儿膳食调查图谱更有利于婴幼儿膳食调查,但仍需改进.  相似文献   

3.
简易血红蛋白估算方法   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
①目的 寻找一种简便的血红蛋白 (Hb)的估算方法。②方法 用CD 1 70 0全自动血液分析仪对外周血进行常规分析 ,选择正常标本男、女各 1 5 0例 ,利用其红细胞计数值、结合其红细胞平均体积 (MCV)和适当系数进行Hb估算。③结果 估算公式为Hb(g/L) =RBC数 (× 1 0 1 2 /L)× 30×所测MCV/ 88,用其对 1 2 0例不同体积红细胞的Hb值进行估算 ,估算值与实测值比较 ,差异无显著性 (t=0 .2 0 7~ 1 .36 2 ,P均 >0 .0 5 )。④结论 此估算公式为一种简便、有效的Hb估算方法  相似文献   

4.
目的 探讨含碘食物对Graves病患者摄取^99mTc与^131I的影响。方法 选择曾食含碘食物的Graves病患者20例,在禁食含碘食物前后分两次进行摄^131I试验与甲状腺^99mTc显像.前者测定3、24h摄^131I率,后者计算摄锝指数(TI)及估算甲状腺质量(TW)。采用Wilcoxon符号秩和检验对数据进行对比分析。结果 20例患者禁止含碘食物前后的摄^131I率显著不同,所有患者禁食含碘食物后3和24h摄^131I率均显著增高。TI2例未变、2例增高、16例降低;TM18例减小、2例增大。较未禁食含碘食物的首次检测,两者均有显著性变化。结论 含碘食物对甲状腺摄取Na^99mTcO4的影响与Na^131I显著不同,含碘食物100%减低甲状腺^131I的摄取而90%锝摄取增高。  相似文献   

5.
长期吃卡路里过高的食物会发胖。这一简单的道理背后实际上有很复杂的生物机制。众所周知,动物的脑在维持身体能量平衡方面起着很重要的调节作用。德国研究人员最近又发现,分布在脑和脊髓外的神经也参与影响动物胖瘦的过程。  相似文献   

6.
目的:观察学龄前儿童的超重与甜饮料消费间的关系。方法:采用回顾性研究观察学龄前儿童的超重与甜饮料消费的关系。于1999年1月至2001年12月对10904名2~3岁儿童进行随访,收集其身高、体重、哈佛食物频率问卷的数据,并在1年后再收集身高和体重的数据。甜饮料包括含维生素C的果汁、其他果汁、果汁饮料及哈佛食物频率问卷中所列的苏打水。logistic回归分析用于对年龄、性别、种族、出生体重、高脂饮食和甜食的摄入、总卡路里等进行校正,结果按体重指数(BMI)基线进行分层。  相似文献   

7.
合理的营养是运动员健康和提高运动能力的保证,也是影响身体素质和身体成分的关键因素。人体运动的强度越大,燃烧的能量即卡路里就越多。篮球运动具有对抗性强、技巧性高、运动量大等专项特点,因此,篮球运动员需要从合适的食物中获取高能量,才能达到并保持良好的体能状态,以保证训练和比赛的需要。但当前只有极少数的运动员、  相似文献   

8.
为了探讨中医饮食调护在临床中的辨证应用,以食物性质气味特点的分类,依据八纲辨证、脏腑辨证,正确选择食物。结果八纲辨证、脏腑辨证的不同决定选用食物的不同。中医饮食调护是临床中行之有效的辅助疗法。  相似文献   

9.
果果 《大家健康》2009,(10):48-48
不用节食就可以减肥,如果真是这样就再好不过了,你不用按照一份严格的节食菜单开始减肥,通过进行以下这些既容易又有效的改变就能真正帮助你减肥。1.学会读标签 要想减肥注意看食品的标签相当重要。没有这项技巧想要计算食物的卡路里几乎是不可能的。  相似文献   

10.
目的 探讨假体隆乳术中选择乳房假体体积在临床的应用.方法 通过术前反复试验,确定一块36 cm×11 cm的无菌纱布,代表50 mL乳房假体体积,将30 cm×30 cm的一块纱布估算成200 mL,在术中将纱布塞入剥离好的胸大肌下腔隙,使乳房隆起,最后通过计算纱布块的数量,估算出拟置入的乳房假体体积大小.结果 30例...  相似文献   

11.
开发了一种新型眼动仪,用于估计物体与眼球的距离,并研究该装置的可靠性和准确性。23名被试者参与实验,每一个视觉任务分近(35 cm)、中(70 cm)、远(400 cm)距离进行测试,计算出反光中心和瞳孔中心之间的距离,并通过数据校准以估算实际距离。不同校准距离的中位数准确性为92%。标准距离为70 cm时,70 cm校准距离所得准确性明显高于使用其他两个校准距离(P<0.05),而标准距离为35 cm和400 cm时,不同校准距离所得准确性差异不显著(P>0.05)。所有估算距离结果与标准距离之间并没有实际意义的差异。基于准确性和估算距离的结果,初步判断新装置具有良好的可靠性和准确性。使用该眼动仪时,建议把70 cm作为校准距离。  相似文献   

12.
The urine sediment analysis of particles in microscopic images can assist physicians in evaluating patients with renal and urinary tract diseases. Manual urine sediment examination is labor-intensive, subjective and time-consuming, and the traditional automatic algorithms often extract the hand-crafted features for recognition. Instead of using the hand-crafted features, in this paper we propose to exploit convolutional neural network (CNN) to learn features in an end-to-end manner to recognize the urinary particle. We treat the urinary particle recognition as object detection and exploit two state-of-the-art CNN-based object detection methods, Faster R-CNN and single shot multibox detector (SSD), along with their variants for urinary particle recognition. We further investigate different factors involving these CNN-based methods to improve the performance of urinary particle recognition. We comprehensively evaluate these methods on a dataset consisting of 5,376 annotated images corresponding to 7 categories of urinary particle, i.e., erythrocyte, leukocyte, epithelial cell, crystal, cast, mycete, epithelial nuclei, and obtain a best mean average precision (mAP) of 84.1% while taking only 72 ms per image on a NVIDIA Titan X GPU.  相似文献   

13.
Background:Colorectal cancer is harmful to the patient''s life. The treatment of patients is determined by accurate preoperative staging. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) played an important role in the preoperative examination of patients with rectal cancer, and artificial intelligence (AI) in the learning of images made significant achievements in recent years. Introducing AI into MRI recognition, a stable platform for image recognition and judgment can be established in a short period. This study aimed to establish an automatic diagnostic platform for predicting preoperative T staging of rectal cancer through a deep neural network.Methods:A total of 183 rectal cancer patients’ data were collected retrospectively as research objects. Faster region-based convolutional neural networks (Faster R-CNN) were used to build the platform. And the platform was evaluated according to the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.Results:An automatic diagnosis platform for T staging of rectal cancer was established through the study of MRI. The areas under the ROC curve (AUC) were 0.99 in the horizontal plane, 0.97 in the sagittal plane, and 0.98 in the coronal plane. In the horizontal plane, the AUC of T1 stage was 1, AUC of T2 stage was 1, AUC of T3 stage was 1, AUC of T4 stage was 1. In the coronal plane, AUC of T1 stage was 0.96, AUC of T2 stage was 0.97, AUC of T3 stage was 0.97, AUC of T4 stage was 0.97. In the sagittal plane, AUC of T1 stage was 0.95, AUC of T2 stage was 0.99, AUC of T3 stage was 0.96, and AUC of T4 stage was 1.00.Conclusion:Faster R-CNN AI might be an effective and objective method to build the platform for predicting rectal cancer T-staging.Trial registration:chictr.org.cn: ChiCTR1900023575; http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=39665.  相似文献   

14.
背景肺功能检查是一种医学计量技术,检查设备的质量是影响检查结果的关键环节之一。国内外肺功能检查指南均提出在进行质量控制标准时每次启动肺量计均需经容量定标筒校准,容量定标筒的准确性直接影响肺量计计算指标数值的准确性,但国内外所有研究机构(包括容量定标筒生产厂家)从未对容量定标筒自身的准确性进行校准验证,也无相关操作流程和通过标准。目的对国内临床常用肺功能仪容量定标筒进行检测技术性能分析,了解我国常用容量定标筒的性能情况,探索该方法在容量定标筒验证中的应用价值。方法2021年7月,根据美国胸科学会(ATS)/欧洲呼吸协会(ERS)在2019年发布的肺量计检查指南更新版中提出的3 L容量定标筒校准的要求,采用美国Hans Rudolph公司1180型容量定标筒验证器对5个品牌容量定标筒(德国CareFusion、德国Vyaire、美国MGC diangostics、中国浙江U-Breath、中国浙江宁波文迪)进行压力泄露测试和容积准确性测试。结果5个品牌容量定标筒的压力泄露测试结果小于1 ml/min的占4/5;容积误差小于目标容积的0.5%且误差重复性小于目标容积的0.05%占4/5,两种测试均通过的占3/5。结论本研究使用直接测量容量定标筒气体容积变化的方法进行质量检测,方法简便可行,建议定期对容量定标筒进行质量校准。  相似文献   

15.
In this paper we have proposed an iterative Fuzzy C-Mean (IFCM) method which divides the pixels present in the image into a set of clusters. This set of clusters is then used to segment a focal liver lesion from a liver ultrasound image. Advantage of IFCM methods is that n-clusters FCM method may lead to non-uniform distribution of centroids, whereas in IFCM method centroids will always be uniformly distributed. Proposed method is compared with the edge based Active contour Chan-Vese (CV) method, and MAP-MRF method by implementing the methods on MATLAB. Proposed method is also compared with region based active contour region-scalable fitting energy (RSFE) method whose MATLAB code is available in author’s website. Since no comparison is available on a common database, the performance of three methods and the proposed method have been compared on liver ultrasound (US) images available with us. Proposed method gives the best accuracy of 99.8 % as compared to accuracy of 99.46 %, 95.81 % and 90.08 % given by CV, MAP-MRF and RSFE methods respectively. Computation time taken by the proposed segmentation method for segmentation is 14.25 s as compared to 44.71, 41.27 and 49.02 s taken by CV, MAP-MRF and RSFE methods respectively.  相似文献   

16.
杨会军  高斌  胡永胜 《安徽医学》2011,32(3):350-353
目的 探讨如何提高DSA测量的精度.方法 使用7根长49.8 mm、直径5 mm钢柱,等距离并排排列在检查床面上,中间的一根钢柱作为被测物放置在X线照射野的中心,其余钢柱为校准物,被测物高出校准物0、2、4、8和12 cm,分别采集图像.用上述方法分别选择床位高度0、4和8 cm,依次采集图像.在同一序列图像中,经校准...  相似文献   

17.
MAO Ze-dong''s view on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) can be divided into the scientific view on TCM, the development view on TCM and the future view on TCM. The core of MAO Ze-dong''s view on TCM lies in its scientific nature. The basic content of MAO Ze-dong''s development view on TCM includes unity of TCM and Western medicine (WM), advocating the multi-angle development of TCM from the height of Chinese national dignity, independence and self-confidence. MAO Ze-dong''s future view on TCM is targeted at WM learning from TCM, integrating TCM and WM and establishing new Chinese medicine. The contemporary enlightenment of MAO Ze-dong''s view on TCM is to start from reforming the medical education system before establishing new Chinese medicine.  相似文献   

18.
目的:探索一种光学扫描牙冠三维模型和锥形束CT(cone beam CT,CBCT)重建牙根三维模型的数据融合方法,实现不同来源冠、根模型的自然过渡融合。方法: 选取临床口腔正畸下颌牙列轻度拥挤患者1例,应用Mimics 17.0软件对患者CBCT数据重建带有牙根的牙列三维模型,并在Geomagic Stuido 2012软件中与患者高精度解剖形态的光学扫描牙列模型进行模型配准。对配准后的三维模型进行精确冠、龈边界线提取,边界线根向偏置及投影,冠、根边界线生成及模型剪裁等操作,并通过曲率连续算法实现不同来源冠、根模型的自然过渡缝合,完成冠、根三维融合模型的构建。结果:本研究基于商业化的软件平台,初步实现了针对光学扫描三维牙冠数据与CBCT三维牙根数据的曲率移形过渡融合方法,应用该方法完成了正畸临床10例牙列轻度拥挤患者冠、根三维融合模型的构建,融合模型由高年资医师主观打分评价,平均满意度8.6分(0~10分),初步验证了该方法的可行性和有效性。结论: 本研究的冠、根三维数据融合方法可获得逼近真实生理解剖形态的完整牙齿及牙列三维模型,其对复杂牙列拥挤及错颌畸形患者的适应性有待进一步研究。  相似文献   

19.
目的探讨应用压力-容积环(pressure-volume loop,PV Loop)评价大鼠心功能过程中的影响因素及方法改进原则,分析主动脉弓缩窄(transverse aortic constriction,TAC)诱导的压力负荷对大鼠心脏功能的影响,从而为大鼠健康或疾病状态下的心功能分析提供更为科学全面的方法。方法采用压力容积传感器从大鼠的颈动脉插入左心室,调整传感器到合适位置来改善压力-容积环的形状,结合配套软件对心功能进行多方面的评价,分别从压力及容积的定标、导管在左心室腔内的位置、呼吸机对测定的影响等方面分析应用压力-容积环测定大鼠心功能时的操作要点。结果 (1)通过颈静脉注射适量的高渗盐水定标,扣除心室壁平行电导率引起的容积,可以获得准确的左心室容积。(2)适度调节压力-容积导管,使传感器的位置完全进入心室但又不接触心室壁,可以得到更好的压力-容积信号。(3)停止呼吸机适当时间,消除非自主呼吸对测定的影响,有助于获得更稳定的数据。采用这一方法对主动脉缩窄手术(诱导心肌肥大)后1个月的大鼠进行分析,可以更好地评价大鼠在正常和疾病状态下的心功能。结论本研究从容积定标、导管位置和呼吸机等方面对大鼠心脏的压力-容积环测定方法进行了改进和完善,并通过分析正常和心肌肥大的大鼠心功能验证了该方法的可靠性。  相似文献   

20.
A portable and wireless activity monitoring system was developed for the estimation of temporal gait parameters. The new system was built using three-axis accelerometers to automatically detect walking steps with various walking speeds. The accuracy of walking step-peak detection algorithm was assessed by using a running machine with variable speeds. To assess the consistency of gait parameter analysis system, estimated parameters, such as heel-contact and toe-off time based on accelerometers and footswitches were compared for consecutive 20 steps from 19 individual healthy subjects. Accelerometers and footswitches had high consistency in the temporal gait parameters. The stance, swing, single-limb support, and double-limb support time of gait cycle revealed ICCs values of 0.95, 0.93, 0.86, and 0.75 on the right and 0.96, 0.86, 0.93, 0.84 on the left, respectively. And the walking step-peak detection accuracy was 99.15% (±0.007) for the proposed method compared to 87.48% (±0.033) for a pedometer. Therefore, the proposed activity monitoring system proved to be a reliable and useful tool for identification of temporal gait parameters and walking pattern classification.  相似文献   

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