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1.
李姝汶  郭红宇  王志平 《医学综述》2012,(20):3361-3364
诱导鼠成纤维细胞转变为多能干细胞的成功掀起了世界范围内诱导性多能干细胞(iPS)研究的热潮。iPS来源广泛,具有干细胞的分化全能性,避开了取材和应用的伦理问题,在医学领域具有广阔的应用前景,如构建人类疾病模型,用于特定细胞治疗,培育转基因动物用于器官移植以及生物制药等领域。目前iPS结合基因治疗和细胞移植疗法的成果已经应用到了动物疾病模型上。此外,该技术也为研究细胞重编程机制和人类疾病的病理过程提供了新平台。  相似文献   

2.
2012年诺贝尔生理与医学奖颁发给Shinya Yamanaka和Sir John Gurdon后,受此风潮影响,医学领域对诱导性多功能干细胞(iPS)和重编程技术的关注激增.当iPS被认为极有可能开启细胞治疗和再生医学一个新时代时,基于iPS的细胞治疗应用于临床前首当其冲的是安全相关问题.在这篇综述中,笔者概述了iPS来源的神经干/祖细胞在脊髓损伤(SCI)的临床前研究以及其体内安全性问题,并试图讨论其临床应用策略.  相似文献   

3.
许多致病因素都能导致肝功能极度减退甚至衰竭,从而进入终末期肝病阶段,常规治疗手段对于终末期 肝病的疗效始终不理想。原位肝移植虽较为有效,但是因为费用高、肝源不足、免疫排斥等因素,不能大规模应用 于临床,细胞治疗一直为临床所期待。肝疾病细胞治疗细胞来源以及利用胚胎干细胞和人诱导性多能干细胞向肝细 胞诱导的研究近年来有了长足进展。随着干细胞技术的兴起与发展以及诱导技术的逐步成熟,解决了肝细胞来源稀 缺的问题,为治疗终末期肝病提供了新的思路。  相似文献   

4.
目的研究星形胶质细胞重编程为诱导多潜能(iPS)干细胞的可行性,为进一步研究iPS细胞诱导技术奠定基础。方法用分别含Oct4,Sox2,Klf4和c-myc因子的4种逆转录病毒载体病毒颗粒感染星形胶质细胞,获得iPS细胞并进行鉴定。结果感染后第28天具有胚胎干细胞形态的克隆出现,诱导效率为(0.015±0.005)%,且碱性磷酸酶(AP)染色及SSEA-1和Oct4免疫荧光染色均显阳性。结论星形胶质细胞可以重编程为iPS细胞,进一步证明了iPS细胞诱导技术的普遍适用性。  相似文献   

5.
郝萧  杨秀霞  樊廷俊 《中外医疗》2011,30(26):54-56
诱导型多能干细胞(iPSc)具备胚胎干细胞的分化潜能,同时又回避了伦理问题,因此具有广泛且重要的临床应用价值。然而,目前iPS技术仍然存在致癌性、效率低等一系列问题。针对这些亟待解决的问题,本文综述了最近几年国内外在iPS细胞研究领域中的发展现状及研究方法,并探讨该领域中急需解决的问题和发展前景,以为诱导性多功能干细胞的研究提供一定的借鉴。  相似文献   

6.
目的 利用急性肺损伤患者皮肤成纤维细胞构建诱导性多能干细胞(induced pluripotent stem cells,iPSCs)系.方法 采用慢病毒介导逆转录的方法,将含有Oct4、Sox2、Klf4和Nanog四个因子的混合慢病毒转染人皮肤成纤维细胞,诱导出胚胎干细胞样克隆,根据人胚胎干细胞的特性,利用AP染色、实时荧光定量PCR(RT-PCR)技术、免疫荧光、畸胎瘤形成实验对获得的iPS细胞进行鉴定.结果 获得的iPS细胞镜下观察呈典型的ES样克隆状生长,圆形或椭圆形,与饲养层细胞分界清楚;AP染色阳性,RT-PCR及免疫荧光检测iPS细胞高表达人胚胎干细胞标志性基因及蛋白,移植到免疫缺陷鼠体内能够形成向三胚层分化的畸胎瘤.结论 成功建立了急性肺损伤患者iPS细胞系,可为急性肺损伤的发病机制研究和临床药物筛选提供良好的细胞模型.  相似文献   

7.
据"中国医药报"报道,英国研究人员利用皮肤细胞培育出了部分诱导多功能干细胞(PiPS细胞),它与曾引起科学界轰动的诱导多功能干细胞(iPS细胞)功能类似,但出现肿瘤的风险大大降低。实验证实它可进一步培育为血管细胞,将来有望用于治疗相关疾病。这项研究的意义要从胚胎干细胞说起,小小的胚胎能够长大成人,是因为其中的干细胞能够分化变成各种器官组织。前几年日美研究人员报告说可以使已经分化完成的皮肤细胞"时光倒转"回到干细胞状态,再利用它培育出其他组织,引  相似文献   

8.
用外源性表达的转录因子Oct3/4、Sox2、c-Myc和Klf4通过对成体细胞的重新编程来产生诱导多能干细胞(iPS cells).iPS细胞的出现不仅为成体细胞重编程机制的研究提供了新的方法,而且为某些疾病发生发展的机制研究与特异的细胞治疗,特别是再生医学研究带来希望.  相似文献   

9.
目的 探讨利用Sox2、Klf4、Oct4、c-Myc基因将脐带基质间充质细胞(UMC)编程为多潜能干细胞(iPS).方法 原代分离培养UMC细胞,包装生产逆转录病毒感染细胞,将感染后细胞接种到饲养层细胞培养,镜下观察细胞形态学变化.对编程后细胞进行碱性磷酸酶(AP)染色、检测细胞内源多能基因表达量和体内分化畸胎瘤实验.结果 原代获得UMC细胞,被编程细胞形态类似于胚胎干细胞,AP染色阳性,内源多能基因Oct4、Sox2、Nanog、Rex1表达量增高,体内分化为畸胎瘤.结论 利用Sox2、Klf4、Oct4、c-Myc基因可将UMC细胞编程为iPS细胞.  相似文献   

10.
<正>诱导性多能干细胞(induced pluripotent stem cells,iPS cells)可来源于人和动物细胞,可通过导入特定的几个转录因子转染直接诱导胎儿、新生儿和成年动物体细胞,使其重编程为iPS细胞。这相对于胚胎干细胞(embryonic stem cells,ES cells)的来源更方便、更丰富[1]。iPS细胞的产生克服了使用传统方法的伦理问题,iPS细胞具有和胚胎干细胞类似的功  相似文献   

11.
Background  Hepatocyte transplantation has been proposed as an alternative to whole-organ transplantation to support many forms of hepatic insufficiency. Unfortunately, the lack of donor livers makes it difficult to obtain enough viable human hepatocytes for hepatocyte-based therapies. Therefore, it is urgent to find new ways to provide ample hepatocytes. Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells, a breakthrough in stem cell research, may terminate these hinders for cell transplantation. For the promise of iPS cells to be realized in liver diseases, it is necessary to determine if and how efficient they can be differentiated into functional hepatocytes.      
Methods  In this study, we directly compared the hepatic-differentiation capacity of mouse iPS cells and embryonic stem (ES) cells with three different induction approaches: conditions via embryonic body (EB) formation plus cytokines, conditions by combination of dimethyl sulfoxide and sodium butyrate and chemically defined, serum free monolayer conditions. Among these three induction conditions, more homogenous populations can be promoted under chemically defined, serum free conditions. The cells generated under these conditions exhibited hepatic functions in vitro, including glycogen storage, indocynine green (ICG) uptake and release as well as urea secretion. Although efficient hepatocytes differentiation from mouse iPS cells were observed, mouse iPS cells showed relatively lower hepatic induction efficiency compared with mouse ES cells.
Results  Mouse iPS cells would be efficiently differentiated into functional hepatocytes in vitro, which may be helpful in facilitating the development of hepatocytes for transplantation and for research on drug discovery.
Conclusion We demonstrate that mouse iPS cells retain full potential for fetal liver development and describe procedures that facilitates the efficient generation of highly differentiated human hepatocyte-like cells from iPS cells in vitro.
  相似文献   

12.
Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells are a recent development which has brought a promise of great therapeutic values. The previous technique of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) has been ineffective in humans. Recent discoveries show that human fibroblasts can be reprogrammed by a transient over expression of a small number of genes; they can undergo induced pluripotency. iPS were first produced in 2006. By 2008, work was underway to remove the potential oncogenes from their structure. In 2009, protein iPS (piPS) cells were discovered. Surface markers and reporter genes play an important role in stem cell research. Clinical applications include generation of self renewing stem cells, tissue replacement and many more. Stem cell therapy has the ability to dramatically change the treatment of human diseases.
  相似文献   

13.
肝干细胞移植可能是治疗终末期肝病的重要途径之一,因而肝干细胞成为研究的热点.不同来源的肝干细胞具有强大的临床治疗潜能,但是在临床应用普遍推行之前,有许多研究工作需要进一步开展.本综述就肝干细胞的一些基本特性及其在肝脏损伤后的肝再生作用展开讨论.  相似文献   

14.
目前干细胞移植已成为肝病治疗研究的热点。基础研究侧重于结合分化诱导剂的研究,临床研究种子细胞主要来源于骨髓或脐血,成功率有一定差异。经综合分析干细胞来源、分化诱导剂、治疗病种、结局及影响因素,认为优化干细胞来源、增强定向分化的确定性,是影响肝干细胞移植结局的关键。  相似文献   

15.
唐海燕 《医学综述》2010,16(15):2250-2253
诱导性多能干细胞(iPS)是以反转录病毒为载体将胚胎特异性转录因子导入体细胞,使其诱导分化为具有胚胎干细胞(ESCs)特性的细胞。这种多能干细胞在细胞形态、增殖速率、致瘤性、基因表达以及形成嵌合小鼠的能力上与ESCs有许多相似之处,将来可能成为ESCs在临床应用中的替代。现对iPS细胞相关的几种转录因子及其在重编程过程中的作用,以及转导基因的选择予以综述。  相似文献   

16.
Induced pluripotent stem(iPS) cells were originally generated from mouse fibroblasts by enforced expression of Yamanaka factors(Oct3/4,Sox2,Klf4,and c-Myc).The technique was quickly reproduced with human fibroblasts or mesenchymal stem cells.Although having been showed therapeutic potential in animal models of sickle cell anemia and Parkinson’s disease,iPS cells generated by viral methods do not suit all the clinical applications.Various non-viral methods have appeared in recent years for application of iPS cells in cell transplantation therapy.These methods mainly include DNA vector-based approaches,transfection of mRNA,and transduction of reprogramming proteins.This review summarized these non-viral methods and compare the advantages,disadvantages,efficiency,and safety of these methods.  相似文献   

17.
分化成熟的体细胞可在体外被重编程为诱导性多潜能干细胞,后者具有与胚胎干细胞相似的自我更新能力和发育多潜能性,同时避免了免疫排斥和伦理问题.患者特异性的诱导性多潜能干细胞将成为再生医学、药物筛选和毒理测试的理想工具.  相似文献   

18.
目的重编程肝癌患者来源的脂肪干细胞为诱导多潜能干细胞。方法包装携带Oct4、Sox2、Klf4、c-Myc基因的反转录病毒,将病毒感染脂肪干细胞并培养诱导后的细胞,采用碱性磷酸酶染色、定量PCR和原位免疫荧光实验鉴定诱导的克隆样细胞。结果诱导的克隆样细胞表达碱性磷酸酶,定量PCR证实克隆样细胞表达胚胎干细胞多能性基因,免疫荧光实验证实其表达Oct4和Sox2。结论肝癌患者来源的脂肪干细胞可高效重编程为诱导多潜能干细胞,且脂肪干细胞可作为培养诱导多潜能干细胞的滋养细胞,为提高成体细胞重编程效率和建立基于诱导多潜能干细胞的肝癌模型研究提供了平台。  相似文献   

19.
Degeneration of motor neurons (MN) caused by disease or injury leads to paralysis and is fatal in some conditions. To date, there are no effective treatments for MN disorders; therefore, cell therapy is a promising strategy to replace lost MN. Embryonic stem (ES) cells isolated from the inner cell mass of mammalian blastocysts self-renew and are pluripotent because they differentiate into cell types of the three germinal layers. Reprogramming of adult cells to a state similar to ES cells, termed induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells, has been recently reported. It is well established that pluripotent cell types can give rise to specialized phenotypes, including neurons. Mouse, monkey and human MN can be differentiated from ES and iPS cells using procedures generally involving embryoid bodies formation and stimulation with retinoic acid and Sonic hedgehog. Differentiated MN express characteristic molecular markers such as Islet1, HB9 and Choline acetyltransferase, exhibit electrophysiological maturity and are able to form synaptic contacts similar to neuromuscular junctions in vitro. Furthermore, transplanted MN promote functional recovery in animal models of neurodegenerative diseases and MN injury. The potential clinical applications of stem cell-derived MN was enhanced after iPS cell derivation, which makes possible the generation of patient-specific pluripotent cells for autologous cell replacement therapies and may be used for drug development and disease modeling. This review summarizes MN differentiation protocols from ES and iPS cells in regard to neuronal differentiation efficiency, expression of MN markers and functional properties in vitro, as well as their therapeutic effects after grafting.  相似文献   

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